Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastric acid secretions and serum gastrin levels have been examined in 128 patients with early gastric cancer and in 98 gastric ulcer patients. Gastric cancer patients were found to have lower acid secretions than did gastric ulcer patients, and those with elevated types of a differentiated adenocarcinoma had lower acid secretions than did those with depressed types of an undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. Gastric acid secretions in patients with both a gastric ulcer and cancer were found to decrease with aging. However, the serum gastrin levels were found to be decreased in patients with a gastric ulcer and to be increased in patients with a gastric cancer. Incidences of a differentiated adenocarcinoma increased with aging. From these observations, it has been speculated that the carcinogenesis of a differentiated adenocarcinoma may be related to increasing endogenous gastrin levels and decreasing gastric acid secretions. These results suggest that a continuous check of the serum gastrin levels might be a good marker for cancer detection and that gastrin antibodies might be useful for treatment.
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PMID:[Gastric acid secretions and serum gastrin levels in patients with mucosal and submucosal gastric cancers]. 254 82

Various blood flow disturbances in intraabdominal digestive organs were studied clinically and experimentally from a viewpoint of vascular surgery. Acute gastric mucosal lesion may occur due to ischemia and reperfusion injury of the gastric mucosa. Bleeding from stomach ulcer may be rarely caused by consumption coagulopathy along with aortic aneurysm. Heparin therapy was successful to interrupt it. Gastrectomy is not indicated for such condition but aneurysm should be repaired. Portal vein reconstruction for the radical resection of hepatic, biliary and pancreatic cancers should be carefully made, because early or late stenosis occurs frequently, and they may connect to early or late morbidities or mortalities. On the other hand, resection and replacement of the suprarenal vena cava invaded by the retroperitoneal malignant tumor may be safely carried out. For the acute mesenteric arterial occlusion, early diagnosis and arterial reconstruction are essential to save catastrophe. Positive Doppler sound on the vasa recta seems to be the most reliable parameter for assessing bowel viability. Approach from the proximal large arteries is recommended for uncontrollable intraperitoneal bleeding.
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PMID:[Blood flow disturbance in digestive organs--a viewpoint of vascular surgery]. 258 8

The possible carcinogenic effects of antisecretory agents used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer were investigated in a population based cohort study of 16,739 patients who were prescribed the H2-antagonist cimetidine between 1977 and 1981. An excess risk for gastric cancer was observed, with a relative risk of about 10 in the first year after beginning use of the drug, which decreased thereafter. A similar pattern was seen for cancers of the colon, pancreas and gall bladder, and for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. These increased risks probably represent cases in which a malignancy was misdiagnosed as a gastric ulcer. The excess risk for gastric cancer was unaffected by the method of diagnosis, the risk in those who had undergone an endoscopy being similar to those who had been diagnosed by an x-ray examination. A relative risk of 1.5-2.0 was observed for cancer of the respiratory organs, with no effect of latency, indicating that there are common risk factors for peptic ulcer and for lung cancer. Although the observed increases in cancer risk in persons receiving cimetidine is probably caused by factors other than a carcinogenic action of the drug itself, this possibility cannot be ruled out because of the short period of follow up.
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PMID:Cancer occurrence in a cohort of patients treated with cimetidine. 259 42

Four hundred and forty-seven patients who had undergone various surgical procedures for stage II-III cancer of the distal part of the stomach and 35 operated cases of chronic gastric ulcer were followed for three years. The study showed distal subtotal resection of the stomach using transversal gastroenteroanastomosis with a long loop and additional transversal enteroenteric anastomosis to offer functional advantage in cancer patients. These valve anastomoses prevented reflux of duodenal contents to the gastric stump, assured a stepwise emptying of the resected stomach and precluded passing of food to efferent intestine thus preventing dumping and afferent loop syndromes.
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PMID:[The prevention of postresection disorders in the surgical treatment of cancer of the distal stomach]. 260 30

The nature of gastric infiltrates consisting primarily of benign-appearing small lymphocytes is at present a controversial issue. Earlier reports of gastric lymphoma developing in gastric pseudolymphoma and more recent immunohistochemical studies demonstrating monoclonal B-cell populations in pseudolymphoma suggest that at least some cases represent low-grade lymphomas or clonal precursor lesions that may develop into lymphoma. Observations of a small lymphocytic infiltrate arising in the region of a gastric ulcer that lacked definitive morphologic evidence of malignancy (lymphoma) but was clearly a monoclonal B-cell proliferation by immunohistochemical and gene rearrangement studies support the notion that some gastric lymphoproliferative lesions that histologically have been called pseudolymphomas may include one or more clonal lymphoid expansions. A histopathologic/molecular model suggesting a potential pathway for the development of morphologically recognizable lymphoma from benign-appearing small lymphocytic infiltrates is presented, and the concept that for a variety of lymphoid proliferations clonality and malignancy may not be synonymous is discussed.
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PMID:Gastric small lymphocytic proliferation with immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in pseudolymphoma versus lymphoma. 265 64

The expression of carbohydrate antigens in malignant and non-malignant gastric mucosa was studied immunohistochemically using the monoclonal antibody AH6 directed to Ley antigen, FH2 directed to Lex antigen, and FH6 directed to sialyl-Lex antigen. Formalin-fixed gastric tissue resected from 54 patients with gastric cancer and 20 patients with gastric ulcer were tested. The incidence of positive cases in gastric cancer patients with each antibody was as follows: AH6;85%, FH2;74%, FH6;74%. The Lex antigen was expressed in 81.5% of cases histologically classified as undifferentiated type, and 66.7% of cases classified as differentiated type. It was expressed in a higher incidence in early stage cancer (93.3%) than in advanced stage cancer (66.7%). Sialyl-Lex antigen was detected in more cases of differentiated type (88.9%) than in those of undifferentiated type (59.3%), whereas none of 8 early cancers of undifferentiated type expressed the antigen. The incidence of the expression of Ley antigen did not differ in relation to histological type or invasiveness. Lex and Ley antigens were detected in noncancerous gastric epithelium. Sialyl-Lex antigen was not detected in the normal fundic gland region. These results demonstrate that Lex antigen may be a differentiation-associated antigen, and sialyl-Lex antigen might be useful as a marker of differentiated cancer and an indication for invasion of undifferentiated cancer.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical study of carbohydrate antigen expression in gastric carcinoma. 266 6

The patient suffering from gastric ulcer disease needs more attention than one suffering from duodenal ulcer disease, especially regarding the necessity of endoscopic bioptic control of healing, which is vital to ensure that malignancy is not missed. Greater patience is also necessary during therapy, since a gastric ulcer is generally larger than a duodenal ulcer and more time is thus necessary for complete healing. Otherwise the natural course of the disease and the therapeutic requirements for acute and maintenance treatment are similar. This also relates to the indication for surgery.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and therapy of stomach ulcer]. 266 20

Endosonography consists of exploring the gastrointestinal wall and surrounding tissue with the aid of an ultrasound transducer introduced into the gastrointestinal lumen. High frequency ultrasound (more than 7 MHz) is used and provides high definition imaging. Its principal role is in oncology, and more particularly in the assessment of tumor extension. Regardless of whether it is the rectum, esophagus or stomach being considered, it is possible to predict the depth of tumor invasion in the wall in more than 80% of cases. The determination of invasion of adjacent organs is still somewhat imprecise. Endosonography provides better analysis of lymph nodes than CT scan (70 to 75% precision) and improvements will occur with better description of the criteria of malignancy. It appears interesting for the evaluation of pancreatic and biliary tumors and for follow-up of patients already treated for gastrointestinal cancer. Among its other indications, some have been well established (gastrointestinal submucosal tumors, giant gastropathy) and others require confirmation (villous tumors of the rectum, gastric ulcer).
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PMID:[Endosonography in gastroenterology. Update in 1989]. 268 4

Over the period from January 1980 to March 1988 the frequency of dysplastic abnormalities associated wits 202 apparently benign gastric ulcers was determined and their course monitored. The relevant data were then evaluated separately for the various subgroups the ulcers were divided into on the basis of their natural history. No correlation was detected between natural history of gastric ulcer, dysplasia and onset of cancer. Though all dysplastic forms (mild, moderate and severe) may regress, all three showed a possibility of progression to EGC, obviously in increasing percentages: mild dysplasia: 2.53%; moderate dysplasia: 4.76%; severe dysplasia: 14.29%. The last of these three values appears to indicate a greater risk of cancer onset than in simple gastric ulcer and thus proves a useful marker for a more thorough monitoring of such patients.
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PMID:[Usefulness of long-term endoscopic follow-up of gastric ulcer. Study of related epithelial dysplasia]. 269 61

Eighteen patients received gastrectomy for primary cancer of the gastric remnant were studied clinico-histopathologically. Gastric ulcer had been the most common condition requiring previous gastric surgery, and Billroth II resection had been the most often employed procedure. The cancer of the gastric remnant was in an advanced stage in all patients. Tumors were detected in the sutured or anastomosed region (especially the latter) of the remnant stomach in a great majority of the patients studied. In spite of combined resection of the adjacent organs, such as spleen, pancreas and colon in most patients, curative resection could be done in only a half of them and the prognosis was poor in general. These observations seem to stress the importance of following up gastrectomized patients periodically and precautiously by endoscopic examination with multiple biopsy, because early detection of cancer of remnant stomach may lead to improvements in therapeutic results.
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PMID:Cancer of remnant stomach following gastric surgery for benign conditions. 274 48


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