Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038358 (gastric ulcer)
 5,179 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Our main purpose in this review article is to present some of the vast amount of information on the subject of atrophic gastritis available at the present time. Various areas of research pertaining to this entity, including that from the author's laboratory, are reviewed in this article, encompassing histological and ultrastructural abnormalities, enzyme histochemistry, and exfoliative cytology and cytochemistry of chronic gastritis, with emphasis on the diagnostic significance of these laboratory methods. The altered cell proliferation kinetics in atrophic gastric lesions is also discussed, as well as its significance in the proliferation and reduction of glandular cells of the gastric mucosa. Furthermore, some of the more recent evidence of immunological mechanisms and other causes of chronic gastritis, such as chronic alcoholism and bile reflux, is reviewed, as well as the effects of partial gastrectomy on the gastric mucosa. The important associations and sequellae of atrophic gastritis, such as gastric ulcer, gastric polyps, and gastric cancer, are discussed in detail.
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PMID:Structural and ultrastructural alterations, exfoliative cytology and enzyme cytochemistry and histochemistry, proliferation kinetics, immunological derangements and other causes, and clinical associations and sequallae. 109 21

Serum group I pepsinogen (PG I) levels have been determined by radioimmunoassay in 924 subjects. The mean levels in 300 healthy control subjects and in 389 hospitalized controls were 110.6 and 100.0 ng per ml, respectively. The "normal" range is estimated to be between 50 and 175 ng per ml. The mean level of serum PG I in 7 patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome was 503.9 ng per ml; values ranged between 315 and 921 ng per ml. The 77 patients with duodenal ulcer had a mean serum PG I level of 221.3 ng per ml; 49 (63.6%) had values greater than 175 ng per ml. The distribution of serum PG I values was bimodal in the patients with duodenal ulcer whereas it was unimodal in both groups of control subjects. Mean serum PG I levels in 13 patients with both duodenal and gastric ulcer and in 18 patients with prepyloric ulcer were, respectively, 177.2 and 179.4 ng per ml. Approximately one-half of these patients had high values. The 28 patients with gastric ulcer had a mean serum PG I level of 116.6 ng per ml; 6 (21.4%) had high values. With the exception of 3 patients with gastric ulcer, none of the 136 patients with peptic ulcer had a low (less than 50 ng per ml) level of serum PG I. In 37 patients with chronic alcoholism the mean level of serum PG I was 73.4 ng per ml. The observed gradient in the mean level of serum PG I among the groups of patients studied is similar to that which has been reported for maximally stimulated gastric acid output. This finding suggests that the secretory potential of the fundic gland mucosa of the stomach may be reflected by the level of PG I in serum.
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PMID:Serum group I pepsinogens by radioimmunoassay in control subjects and patients with peptic ulcer. 115 38

This study was designed to elucidate the long-term effect of excess alcohol intake on the upper gastrointestinal tract. The subjects of the study were patients with alcohol dependence (n = 91). All of the subjects had been hospitalized to overcome their alcohol dependence. They underwent endoscopic examination of upper gastrointestinal tract, whether they had symptoms and a personal history of digestive organs trouble or not. Gastric ulcer (n = 14), gastroduodenal ulcer (n = 3), duodenal ulcer (n = 2), gastritis erosiva (n = 23), resected stomach (n = 13), esophageal cancer (n = 1), esophageal varix (n = 8), and esophagitis (n = 1) were among the lesions found by the endoscopic examination. This study indicated a close association of chronic upper gastrointestinal lesion with long-term excessive intake of alcohol.
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PMID:Endoscopic study of upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with alcohol dependence. 357 6

A study of the IgA levels in 43 duodenal ulcer (DU) patients and 8 gastric ulcer (GU) patients and their comparison with healthy controls reveals significantly elevated levels of IgA in DU and somewhat lower levels in GU. The levels were also associated with the genotypes of the patients for genetic markers such as ABO blood group, ABH sectetor status, haptoglobin, and alkaline phosphatase enzyme. Nutritional factors, such as vegetarianism, chili consumption, and habits such as smoking and alcoholism also showed variation in the IgA levels. These results indicate the response and role of IgA in the immunological mechanisms involving mucosal protection and autoimmunity in ulceration processes in the stomach.
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PMID:Serum levels of IgA in peptic ulcers. 360 96

Clinical findings, symptoms and predisposing factors were studied in 43 patients with oesophageal candidiasis, 40 patients with peptic oesophagitis and 40 normal controls. Oesophageal candidiasis was confirmed cytologically. 2.4% of patients who had undergone gastroscopy had oesophageal candidiasis; only three of them had simultaneous candidiasis of the oral cavity. Cardiac failure, oesophageal varices, hiatus hernia and gastric ulcer were common associated disorders. 42% of patients with candidal oesophagitis were symptom-free. Most common symptoms were vomiting, retrosternal and epigastric pain. Peptic oesophagitis was more frequently associated with symptoms. Predisposing factors were present in 88% of cases of oesophageal candidiasis: alcoholism, hepatic cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, malignant tumours and other wasting diseases. 18 patients had had treatment with cimetidine; they included all 13 patients whose candidiasis was first detected at check endoscopy.
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PMID:[Candidiasis of the esophagus. Prospective study of incidence, type of complaints and predisposing factors]. 373 73

In the years 1980-1983 M. xenopi was isolated from the sputum of 37 persons, 30 of them living in the agglomeration of the regional town in the region of Northern Bohemia with 1,175,000 inhabitants. Only 7 of these 30 had manifestation of pulmonary disease. M. xenopi was found repeatedly in the sputum in 5 patients out of 7 affected and in 2 out of 23 persons who showed no signs of a disease. The prevalence was in males between the age of 52-67 years. All of them suffered from other diseases, as chronic bronchitis, TB healed after lobectomy, lung cancer, fibrotic lung lesions, diabetes mellitus, gastric ulcer healed by resection, chronic alcoholism. Investigations were made for detection of the source of infection. Bacteriological examinations of cold and warm tap water in flats of 9 persons with M. xenopi in their sputa were carried out, as well as cold and warm tap water from flats of 2 healthy persons. M. xenopi was found in tap water of 5 persons with M. xenopi in their sputum and in one of the two healthy persons. In the water of one household we found M. kansasii. We came to the conclusion, that transmission carried out in susceptible persons is most probably due to aerosol during washing and showering with water, containing these mycobacteria.
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PMID:Water-borne Mycobacterium xenopi--a possible cause of pulmonary mycobacteriosis in man. 380 13

One hundred thirty-six consecutive patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding were divided by age into three groups, young, middle aged and elderly, and evaluated for the causes and complications of the bleeding episode. Hemorrhagic gastritis was the most frequent source of bleeding in the young, while gastric ulcer was more common in the middle aged and elderly groups. The high mortality in the young (20 percent) was often attributable to associated liver functional abnormalities secondary to alcoholism. The elderly fared better than the young when the source of bleeding was hemorrhagic gastritis, although the results were not statistically significant. On the other hand, the elderly had a significantly higher mortality than the young when the source was gastric ulcer. All three groups did poorly when the source of bleeding was esophageal varices. The mortality rate was essentially the same in the young and elderly patients requiring surgery, suggesting that age alone should not be a deterrent for surgical management of acute gastrointestinal bleeding.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly. Morbidity, mortality and cause. 697 91

In a prospective study of 132 cases of gastroduodenal ulcer, proven by endoscopic biopsy, there were 59 in which fungi were cultered (44.7%). There was no significant difference in incidence between gastric ulcer (46.2%) and duodenal ulcer (42.6%), or between benign and malignant gastric ulcer (47.2 and 42.1%, respectively). Most of the fungi were yeasts of the genus Candida and Torulopsis. The mycel phase was demonstrable only in the native or histological preparation (16.7% [native] and 10.6% [histological] positive findings). In all those cases in which pseudomycels were demonstrated the culture count was especially high (more than 20 colonies). In most of these there was an additional disease which may be associated with immunological insufficiency (e.g. diabetes, chronic alcoholism, malignoma). The presence of pseudomycelia or more than 20 colonies in the culture from gastroduodenal ulcers are thus less of a pointer as to whether the local lesion is benign or malignant than to a general weakening of the organism's defence mechanisms.
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PMID:[Fungal infestation of gastroduodenal ulcers: incidence and significance (author's transl)]. 708 48

Partial gastrectomy for benign ulcer disease may influence future risk of death, eg, through changes in life-style or metabolism. To reveal such possible long-term effects, we analyzed a population-based cohort of 6459 patients operated on from 1950 through 1958 and followed through 1985. We found a lower overall mortality than in the general Swedish population (standardized mortality ratio = 0.94; 95% confidence interval 0.91-0.97). Mortality was decreased among those with duodenal ulcers, Billroth II operations, and older age at operation but increased as time passed after operation. Mortality was significantly (P < 0.05) increased from tuberculosis, alcoholism, emphysema, stomach ulcer, intestinal obstruction, gallbladder or biliary disease, suicide, and accidental falls but decreased from ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Preoperative selection of healthy patients and the probable increased prevalence of risk factors for ulcer disease (smoking, alcoholism, and lower socioeconomic status) in this cohort explain most of these findings. Apart from intestinal obstruction, gallbladder or biliary tract diseases, and tuberculosis, the surgical procedure did not appear to increase mortality beyond one year after operation.
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PMID:Mortality among patients with partial gastrectomy for benign ulcer disease. 831 16

Mallory-Weiss Syndrome (MWS) lesions account for up to 15 per cent of upper gastrointestinal bleeding episodes. Typically these lesions present as a consequence of vomiting that is often associated with alcoholism. Recently other conditions such as pregnancy, migraine, hiatal hernia, gastric ulcer, biliary disease, and various medications have been associated with MWS. We report on a 32-year-old male who developed a MSW lesion after a prolonged period of swimming followed by an extended commercial airplane flight. The hemodynamic changes associated with swimming (increased central distribution of blood volume) and the pressure changes in commercial aircraft (a reduction of 0.3 atmospheres of pressure) are discussed. We conclude that the combination of these factors contributed to the development of a MWS lesion and gastrointestinal bleeding in this patient. We recommend that both air travel and athletic activities be considered as possible contributing factors in the evaluation of the cause of new-onset gastrointestinal bleeding.
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PMID:Mallory-Weiss syndrome: possible link to water immersion and subsequent air flight. 1109 26


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