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Query: UMLS:C0038220 (status epilepticus)
 7,272 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cognitive deficits may arise from a variety of genetic alterations and neurological insults that impair neural coding mechanisms and the routing of neural information underpinning learning and memory. Slow and medium gamma oscillations underpin memory recall and sensorimotor processing and represent dynamic inputs at CA1 synapses. Febrile status epilepticus (FSE) can lead to increased risk for temporal lobe epilepsy and enduring cognitive impairments. In a rodent model, we assessed how FSE alters hippocampal CA1 signals relative to spatial task performance and serve as a readout of synaptic input efficacy. The power of theta (5-12 Hz), slow gamma (30-50 Hz), and medium gamma (70-90 Hz) differentially interact with respect to cognitive demands during active avoidance behavior on a rotating arena. Successful avoidance was characterized by slow gamma that was largest several seconds before or after peak acceleration. Peak acceleration coincides with peak theta oscillations, followed within approximately 1 s by peak medium gamma. FSE animals showing impairment in the task maintained the profiles of theta and medium gamma associated with increased sensorimotor processing following peak acceleration but did not exhibit the same slow gamma profile associated with epochs of memory retrieval. While CA1 synapses from entorhinal cortex were functionally unaffected by FSE, communication via synapses from CA3 may have been impaired, leading to both temporal discoordination and poor memory retrieval. These findings demonstrate theta/gamma profiles can serve as both physiological biomarkers for memory retrieval or encoding deficits and synapse level treatment targets that could attenuate cognitive comorbidities associated with early life seizures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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PMID:Coordination of hippocampal theta and gamma oscillations relative to spatial active avoidance reflects cognitive outcome after febrile status epilepticus. 3262 31

Although seizures are common in prehospital settings, standardized emergency medical services (EMS) treatment algorithms do not exist nationally. We examined nationwide variability in status epilepticus treatment by analyzing 33 publicly-available statewide EMS protocols. All adult protocols recommend intravenous benzodiazepines (midazolam, n=33; lorazepam, n=23; diazepam, n=24), 30 recommend intramuscular (midazolam, n=30; lorazepam, n=8; diazepam, n=3), and 27 recommend intranasal (midazolam, n=27; lorazepam, n=3), while pediatric protocols also frequently recommend rectal diazepam (n=14). Recommended dosages vary widely, and first- and second-line agents are designated in only 18 and 2 states, respectively. Given this degree of variability, standardized national EMS guidelines are needed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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PMID:Statewide Emergency Medical Services Protocols for Status Epilepticus Management. 3330 53


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