Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038220 (status epilepticus)
 7,272 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pediatric office emergencies occur more commonly than is usually perceived by family physicians, and most offices are not optimally prepared to deal with these situations. Obtaining specific training in pediatric emergencies and performing mock "codes" to check office readiness can improve the proper handling of pediatric emergencies. Common airway emergencies include foreign-body aspiration and croup. Cool mist, racemic epinephrine nebulization and dexamethasone are typical treatment measures for croup. Asthma and bronchiolitis are common causes of respiratory distress. Hypovolemic shock is the most common cause of circulatory failure in children. Intraosseous access is a simple and underutilized route for vascular access in a critically ill child. Status epilepticus is the most common neurologic emergency. Avoidance of iatrogenic respiratory depression and hypotension can be optimized by taking an algorithmic approach to the use of anticonvulsant medications. Transport of patients after initial stabilization of an emergency should always be done in a manner that provides adequate safety and monitoring.
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PMID:Pediatric emergency preparedness in the office. 1086 20

Barbiturates, a class of medications commonly used as antiepileptics and sedatives, are known to cause adverse reaction, with the most commonly reported immune-mediated reactions being anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome. Other types of allergic reactions such as immediate hypersensitivity reactions also can occur. We present a 3-month-old child with refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus who required pentobarbital therapy in the context of phenobarbital sensitivity because of progressive generalized seizures unresponsive to other aggressive therapies. Skin tests to pentobarbital and phenobarbital were negative. In the intensive care unit setting, intravenous pentobarbital desensitization was performed without reaction. To our knowledge, this is the first reported protocol for pentobarbital desensitization.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Pentobarbital desensitization in a 3-month-old child. 1551 May 80

Asthma and epilepsy have been suspected to be related to each other for a long time. To determine the frequency of seizures occurring in all asthmatic children referred to the teaching hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) for two consecutive years, we conducted the following study. 16 out of 202 cases had previous history of non-febrile seizures (7.9%). Five patients (2.5%) had only a single seizure, and the remaining (5.4%) had recurrent attacks. All cases had generalized tonic-clonic type of seizures. One of the cases had a prolonged seizure (status epilepticus) lasting for more than 30 minutes. We concluded that the occurrence of seizure in our asthmatic patients was far more frequent than that in the general population.
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2003 Sep
PMID:Are seizures more frequent in asthmatic children? 1730 68

Epilepsy is a heterogeneous clinical condition characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures, their causes and complications. The incidence, prevalence and mortality of epilepsy vary with age, place and time contributing to a variable extent to the burden of the disease. Diagnostic misclassification may have strong impact on personal and societal reflections of the disease in light of its clinical manifestations and the need for chronic treatment. Epilepsy accounts for a significant proportion of the world's disease burden ranking fourth after tension-type headache, migraine and Alzheimer disease. Among neurological diseases, it accounts for the highest disability-adjusted life year rates both in men and in women. Although epilepsy is self-remitting in up to 50% of cases, variable long-term prognostic patterns can be identified based on the response to the available treatments. Epilepsy carries an overall increased risk of premature mortality with variable estimates across countries. Premature mortality predominates in patients aged less than 50 years, with epilepsies due to structural/metabolic conditions, with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and seizures not remitting under treatment. Among deaths directly attributable to epilepsy or seizures, included are sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), status epilepticus, accidents, drowning, unintentional injuries, and suicide. Somatic and psychiatric disorders prevail in patients with epilepsy than in people without epilepsy. Asthma, migraine and cerebral tumors tend to occur more frequently in younger adults while cardiovascular disorders, stroke, dementia and meningioma predominate in the elderly. As being a fairly common clinical condition affecting all ages and requiring long-term (sometimes lifelong) treatment, epilepsy carries high health care costs for the society. Direct costs peak in the first year after diagnosis and then vary according to the severity of the disease, the response to treatment, and the presence of comorbidity. Although in several countries the costs of epilepsy are met by the national health systems, out-of-pocket costs may be a relevant fraction of the overall costs, especially in countries where the public management of health care is suboptimal or non-existent. Epilepsy strongly affects patients' independence, psychological health and emotional adjustment. Epilepsy impairs all aspects of health-related quality of life. Awareness and attitudes of the public about epilepsy may significantly affect the burden of the disease. All these factors add to the burden of the disease. However, many of the factors implicated in the onset of epilepsy, its course and treatment can be favorably addressed with appropriate strategic plans. More research is needed to investigate and manage the medical and psychosocial implications of epilepsy.
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PMID:Addressing the burden of epilepsy: Many unmet needs. 2695 26