Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038220 (status epilepticus)
 7,272 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two patients, aged 23 and 74 years, manifested prolonged episodes of mildly impaired consciousness in conjunction with rhythmical spike waves or spikes (mostly 3/s). This paroxysmal EEG activity was consistently accentuated unilaterally over the superior frontal regions. The first patient showed ictal aphasia and occasional right hemiparesis during these episodes, and partial left frontal lobectomy resulted in temporary freedom from seizures. The classification of these ictal episodes is difficult. They apparently fall into the category of absence status (petit mal status), but the focal neurological signs do not fit the presently valid definitions of absence status, nor does the lack of symmetrical bilateral-synchronous paroxysmal discharges. Perhaps a special category of status epilepticus should be established.
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PMID:Absence status (petit mal status) with focal characteristics. 11 Feb 95

Seven cases of SLE with concomitant neurological syndromes are reported. In 2 cases brain stroke with right-sided hemiplegia and aphasia developed, in the remaining cases brain-stem stroke with subarachnoid haemorrhage, progressive hemiparesis and signs of intracranial hypertension, chorea, status epilepticus in terminal uraemia were observed. In one case myasthenia coexisted. Severe neurological syndromes were preceded by signs of involvement of other organs and in most cases by low-grade signs of central nervous system involvement. Treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants resulted in significant improvement without complete remission. A retrospective survey of clinical material showed that modern therapeutic methods have improved the prognosis in systemic lupus erythematosus independently of central nervous system involvement.
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PMID:[Neurological syndromes in the course of systemic lupus erythematosus]. 52 35

A 48-year-old woman with status epilepticus was admitted to our hospital. On admission, she was comatose with horizontal conjugate deviation of eye balls to the left side. Convulsive seizure of Jacksonian type involved initially the left mouth angle and sequentially the left arm and leg, developing into general convulsion. Routine laboratory examinations revealed no significant abnormality. CT scan was normal but carotid angiogram showed a persistent proatlantal intersegmental artery on the left side. Convulsive seizure lasted five days, followed by left hemiparesis. She recovered completely two weeks later. The origin of her illness remained unclear but the causal relationship between neurological symptoms and the persistent primitive artery was presumed.
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PMID:[A case of persistent proatlantal intersegmental artery with status epilepticus]. 204 12

A five-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with generalized seizures. Enlarged lymph nodes raised the suspicion of cat-scratch disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by a positive history of a cat bite, typical histopathologic findings in the biopsy of the lymph nodes, and a positive skin test. Brain CT scan and LP were repeatedly normal. The clinical course was remarkable for recurrent episodes of status epilepticus refractory to usual anticonvulsant therapy and prolonged encephalopathy consisting of mental confusion, hemiparesis, tremor, chorea, and vomiting. All neurologic symptoms gradually resolved within nine months, without sequelae. Cat-scratch encephalopathy should be suspected in a child presenting with status epilepticus and enlarged lymph nodes. Aggressive and prolonged anticonvulsant therapy is strongly recommended.
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PMID:Cat-scratch encephalopathy presenting as status epilepticus and lymphadenitis. 232 Apr 87

Three patients developed prominent neurologic symptoms and signs associated with Schoenlein-Henoch purpura. A 7 1/2-year-old boy was seen with status epilepticus after a 2-week history of generalized headaches, irritability, and intermittent colicky abdominal pain. A left hemiparesis and a left homonymous hemianopia with a right gaze preference that were present on initial examinations gradually resolved, but a mild left arm paresis persisted. Cutaneous, renal, and joint involvement followed initial CNS manifestations. The second patient, a 7-year-old girl, had a complex partial seizure with secondary generalization and a postictal hemiparesis seven days after presentation with classic signs of Schoenlein-Henoch purpura. Behavioral changes were noted during the acute phase of the illness. The third patient, a 13-year-old boy, developed signs of a left brachial plexopathy and transient weakness of his right leg during a complicated course of Schoenlein-Henoch purpura. Review of the world literature indicates that headaches and mental status changes are the most frequent neurologic complications of Schoenlein-Henoch purpura, followed by seizures, focal neurologic deficits, mononeuropathies, and polyradiculoneuropathies. The vasculitis of Schoenlein-Henoch purpura can involve the nervous system and may add significantly to the morbidity of the illness.
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PMID:Neurologic manifestations of Schoenlein-Henoch purpura: report of three cases and review of the literature. 298 37

Focal cortical myoclonus is rare. Obvious causes include tumor or atrophy involving the motor strip, but in some cases no cause is apparent. We present 4 patients who started to have focal myoclonus in childhood. All had focal motor seizures as well, and one had recurrent focal motor status epilepticus. All 4 had a mild progressive hemiparesis. Electrographic investigations showed focal epileptic discharges in the contralateral rolandic areas. Radiological studies were unrevealing, but magnetic resonance showed rolandic lesions in 3 patients. At surgery, abnormally wide gyri were found in the distribution demonstrated by magnetic resonance. The pathological substrate was focal cortical dysplasia. All patients have improved considerably following surgery. These findings suggest that focal myoclonus may be due to a rolandic neuronal migration disorder. Visualization of these lesions by magnetic resonance permits development of a surgical strategy leading to optimal treatment of these medically intractable epileptic disorders.
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PMID:Focal cortical myoclonus and rolandic cortical dysplasia: clarification by magnetic resonance imaging. 313 90

A 67-year-old man was admitted for status epilepticus, right hemiparesis, repeating vertigo and vomiting. Computed tomography showed no abnormality except for slight brain atrophy. Angiogram demonstrated bilateral vertebral artery stenosis at the origin, especially on the left side, and bilateral cervical internal carotid artery stenosis associated with ulceration. Intracranially, bilateral anterior cerebral artery was filled only by right internal carotid artery. Internal carotid artery on both sides did not fill the posterior cerebral artery. From these findings, we thought that both bilateral internal carotid artery and left vertebral artery should be surgically reconstructed. On June 4, 1986, left vertebral transposition to the common carotid artery and left carotid endarterectomy using double-balloon shunt were performed. Waiting for recovery of the general condition, right carotid endarterectomy was carried out on June 27, 1986. Postoperative angiogram demonstrated disappearance of bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis, and good filling of left vertebral artery through left common carotid artery. Postoperative course was uneventful and right hemiparesis gradually improved. Vertigo and vomiting completely subsided. The method and indication of combined reconstruction for extracranial vertebral and carotid artery were discussed.
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PMID:[A case of combined reconstruction of extracranial vertebral and carotid artery stenosis]. 337 49

The medical records of 68 children who had had infantile febrile status epilepticus (FSE) were examined. Follow-up periods ranged from three to 28 years (mean 8 years 10 months). Details were abstracted of relevant medical events prior to FSE, diagnosis of the febrile illness, age at onset and main characteristics of FSE, and outcome (subsequent febrile convulsions and/or epilepsy, neurological and psychiatric disorders). Neither medical events prior to FSE nor aetiology of fever were associated with subsequent febrile convulsions, epilepsy, or neurological or psychiatric abnormalities. There was a significant association between age at onset of FSE and both subsequent epilepsy and CNS disorders. 12 of the 13 children who had had transient or persistent post-ictal hemiparesis subsequently developed epilepsy. Of the 46 children who later developed epilepsy, 34 had partial seizures and 12 had generalized seizures. The latter were more common among children who had had FSE before the age of one year. Likewise, all those who developed severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy had their first FSE before age one. These findings suggest that age at onset of FSE is the most important feature determining long-term outcome.
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PMID:Infantile febrile status epilepticus: risk factors and outcome. 367 28

A 20-year-old woman with psychomotor seizures developed prolonged unilateral status epilepticus followed by coma, right hemiparesis, fever, liver failure, and eventually death. Neuropathological findings included severe neuronal ischemic cell change and massive brain edema, essentially restricted to the left cerebral hemisphere. Massive destruction of the hemisphere involved in epileptic activity with sparing of the contralateral hemisphere provides supportive evidence that in humans prolonged seizure activity can cause permanent brain damage.
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PMID:Hemispheric brain damage in unilateral status epilepticus. 381 2

A 16-year-old female presented with clinical, morphologic and molecular features of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). Her early development was normal. Starting from the age of 14 years, she experienced recurrent episodes of headaches, with vomiting, seizures, transient right hemiparesis and decreased visual acuity. Computed tomographic brain scans revealed calcification in the bilateral basal ganglia. Biopsied specimens from her left biceps brachii and rectus femoris muscles revealed ragged-red fibers and strong succinate dehydrogenase-reactive blood vessels. Electron microscopy revealed paracrystalline inclusions in muscle mitochondria. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from blood, hair follicles and muscle specimens showed an A to G point mutation at nucleotide position 3,243 in the transfer RNA(Leu(UUR)). The proportion of mutant mtDNA in the patient's blood was 43%, in hair follicles 62% and in muscle 82%. The patient was followed up for 4 years and had progressive mental deterioration and died of an episode of status epilepticus. This patient and 5 other MELAS patients reported in Taiwan are compared.
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PMID:Heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA mutation in a patient with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes. 761 32


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