Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038187 (starvation)
 24,951 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Autophagy mediates the degradation of damaged proteins, organelles and pathogens, and plays a key role in health and disease. Thus, the identification of new mechanisms involved in the regulation of autophagy is of major interest. In particular, little is known about the role of lipids and lipid-binding proteins in the early steps of autophagosome biogenesis. Using target-agnostic, high-content, image-based identification of indicative phenotypic changes induced by small molecules, we have identified autogramins as a new class of autophagy inhibitor. Autogramins selectively target the recently discovered cholesterol transfer protein GRAM domain-containing protein 1A (GRAMD1A, which had not previously been implicated in autophagy), and directly compete with cholesterol binding to the GRAMD1A StART domain. GRAMD1A accumulates at sites of autophagosome initiation, affects cholesterol distribution in response to starvation and is required for autophagosome biogenesis. These findings identify a new biological function of GRAMD1A and a new role for cholesterol in autophagy.
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PMID:The cholesterol transfer protein GRAMD1A regulates autophagosome biogenesis. 3151 58

A forward chemical genetic approach led to identification of autogramins as novel autophagy inhibitors. Autogramins selectively target the cholesterol transfer protein GRAMD1A (GRAM domain containing 1A). Autogramins compete with cholesterol binding to the StART domain of GRAMD1A, thereby inhibiting its cholesterol transfer activity. GRAMD1A associates with phosphatidylinositol monophosphate via its GRAM domain. GRAMD1A accumulates at autophagosome initiation sites upon starvation. This protein is involved in cholesterol distribution in response to starvation and is required for autophagosome biogenesis. Therefore, we identify a novel function of GRAMD1A and a new role of cholesterol in macroautophagy/autophagy.
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PMID:Toward the role of cholesterol and cholesterol transfer protein in autophagosome biogenesis. 3122 92