Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038187 (starvation)
 24,951 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In stationary cultures of Trametes versicolor seven proteinase bands were revealed by electrophoresis in mycelium and five in the medium. Under conditions of nitrogen starvation the number of bands in mycelium was unchanged whereas one extracellular proteinase was missing. In the case of carbon starvation one new intracellular proteinase activity appeared and one extracellular activity disappeared. Moreover, in all starved cultures distinct differences in the intensity of particular bands were observed.
Acta Biochim Pol 1984
PMID:Proteinase pattern in Trametes versicolor in response to carbon and nitrogen starvation. 609 46

A possible role of nutrition as a synchronizer has been recently emphasized, particularly the effect of controlled diet composition of circadian variations of many functions of the organism. The aim of the study was to determine whether diet composition (low or high fat diet) could be a synchronizer of circadian rhythms of glucose, insulin and triiodothyronine. The effect of diet composition on diurnal changes in glucose tolerance was also tested. After 24 h starvation period the biochemical parameters in the serum were measured every 4 hours i.e. 600, 1000, 1400, 1800, 2200, 200. Glucose tolerance was tested between 500-700, 1100-1300, 1700-1900 and 2300-100. The circadian variations of glucose and insulin levels were observed in animals fed both diets. An increase of glucose level was noted during reduced activity of the animals and the acrophase was recorded at 1659 h (low fat diet) and 1514 h (high fat diet). The acrophase of insulin level was observed at 526 h (low fat diet) and 352 hrs (high fat diet) in the period of activity of the animals. Circadian changes of triiodothyronine level were noted in animals fed the low fat diet only, the acrophase appeared at 1447. Simultaneously, no variations occurred in animals fed the high fat diet. A consequence of the high fat diet was also a disappearance of diurnal variations in glucose tolerance test at 60, 90 and 120 min.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Circadian rhythms of glucose, triiodothyronine and insulin in relation to composition of diet and meal-timing in rats. 639 59

Nuclear proteins soluble in 0.2 M sulphuric acid were isolated from the liver of three groups of hens subjected for 60 hours to starvation, immobilization or cold exposure. The obtained proteins were separated by means of one-dimensional and two-dimensional electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel. It was observed that this exposure of the birds to stress caused no qualitative changes in liver nuclear proteins. Histones, histone-like proteins - M1, M2, M3, uM1, HMG 1 and 2 proteins, and a large group of non-histone protein fractions gave nearly identical patterns. However, several components of nuclear proteins were found whose quantity changed in the liver of the birds subjected to stress. These changes were observed in a protein with molecular weight about 27 000 daltons and two proteins weighing over 100 000 daltons.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Effects of cold, starvation and immobilization on the composition of acid-soluble nuclear proteins in chicken liver. 667 31

Methionine uptake was 2-2.3-fold higher in the transformed rat embryo fibroblasts as compared with the non-transformed cells. This was associated with a 2-fold greater Vmax, with no detectable changes in Km values. Methionine starvation caused an increase in the rate of transport, the increase being higher in the transformed cells. Addition of methionine abolished the starvation effect, although to a smaller extent in the transformed cells. It is suggested that differences in methionine uptake might be due to a quicker depletion of intracellular methionine, and not to changes in the transport system of the transformed cells.
Acta Biochim Pol 1982
PMID:Transport of methionine by normal and transformed rat embryo fibroblasts. 715 71

Using the manometric method of Warburg the respiratory activity of tissue homogenates of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum was studied in starved and fed rats. The respiratory activity of mitochondria isolated from these parts of the small intestine was determined as well. The intensity of respiration was greatest in duodenal homogenates. The respiratory activity of jejunal homogenates was only slightly lower, while that of ileum homogenates was lowest. Oxygen utilization of intestinal homogenates from fed animals was much higher, particularly in the ileum, than in starved animals. During 50 minutes of incubation theu tilization of oxygen fell most rapidly in the duodenum and slowest in the ileum, and at the end of incubation the values obtained in starved and fed animals differed only slightly. Mitochondria showed similar patterns of oxygen uptake intensity as analogous homogenates, but the effects of starvation and feeding on mitochondrial respiratory activity differed -- in fed animals this activity was lower than in starvation.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Respiratory activity of different parts of small intestine in starved and fed animals. 737 99

DNA polymerase II (Pol II) is regulated as part of the SOS response to DNA damage in Escherichia coli. We examined the participation of Pol II in the response to oxidative damage, adaptive mutation, and recombination. Cells lacking Pol II activity (polB delta 1 mutants) exhibited 5- to 10-fold-greater sensitivity to mode 1 killing by H2O2 compared with isogenic polB+ cells. Survival decreased by about 15-fold when polB mutants containing defective superoxide dismutase genes, sodA and sodB, were compared with polB+ sodA sodB mutants. Resistance to peroxide killing was restored following P1 transduction of polB cells to polB+ or by conjugation of polB cells with an F' plasmid carrying a copy of polB+. The rate at which Lac+ mutations arose in Lac- cells subjected to selection for lactose utilization, a phenomenon known as adaptive mutation, was increased threefold in polB backgrounds and returned to wild-type rates when polB cells were transduced to polB+. Following multiple passages of polB cells or prolonged starvation, a progressive loss of sensitivity to killing by peroxide was observed, suggesting that second-site suppressor mutations may be occurring with relatively high frequencies. The presence of suppressor mutations may account for the apparent lack of a mutant phenotype in earlier studies. A well-established polB strain, a dinA Mu d(Apr lac) fusion (GW1010), exhibited wild-type (Pol II+) sensitivity to killing by peroxide, consistent with the accumulation of second-site suppressor mutations. A high titer anti-Pol II polyclonal antibody was used to screen for the presence of Pol II in other bacteria and in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cross-reacting material was found in all gram-negative strains tested but was not detected in gram-positive strains or in S. cerevisiae. Induction of Pol II by nalidixic acid was observed in E. coli K-12, B, and C, in Shigella flexneri, and in Salmonella typhimurium.
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PMID:Involvement of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase II in response to oxidative damage and adaptive mutation. 792 92

The ultrastructure of rat's pterygopalatine ganglionic neurocytes after starvation was investigated. The following changes of cell organelles were observed. The mitochondria display altered internal structures--lack of matrix, swellings, and myelin structures. Rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes were reduced. Strong plication of nuclear membrane, diminution of nucleoli, increased number of lysosomes and lipofuscin granules were also noticed. The extent of these changes is variable and depends on the time period of starvation. The smallest changes were observed in the groups starved for 24-48 hrs, the largest--in the groups starved 120-144 hrs.
Arch Vet Pol 1993
PMID:Electron microscopy of pterygopalatine ganglion in starved rats. 805 47

Extracts obtained from mouse cells growth arrested at stationary phase or under serum starvation exhibit no specific rDNA transcription activity. Experiments with mixed transcriptionally active and inactive whole cell extracts (WCE) obtained from rapidly dividing or growth arrested cells, respectively, demonstrate that rRNA synthesis in vitro can be suppressed by a polymerase I transcription inhibitory activity (PIN), present in inactive extracts. This inhibition effect is not related to increased nuclease activity and affects neither the non-specific Pol I transcription, nor a polymerase II promoter. A comparison of WCE isolated under different growth conditions indicates that PIN changes according to the physiological state of the cell. It reaches a maximal level soon after serum depletion and disappears rapidly when cells are allowed to recover in serum-rich medium. PIN can be clearly demonstrated in WCE but not in nuclear or cytoplasmic extracts and can be also obtained by an additional high salt extraction of nuclei. Furthermore, gel retardation and transcription-in-pellet assays demonstrate that rDNA promoter binding and preinitiation complex stability are similar in active and inactive WCE. This indicates that some later stage(s) of rDNA transcription, rather than the preinitiation complex formation, are attenuated by inactive extracts. Analysis of partially fractionated extracts suggests that PIN is not associated with but can be separated from polymerase I.
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PMID:Presence of an inhibitor of RNA polymerase I mediated transcription in extracts from growth arrested mouse cells. 844 57

Development of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) allowed for long term survival for patients with chronic intestinal failure, followed mainly total or near total small bowel resection. Own 11 years long experience with 49 HPN patients treated for 98 patients years with a HPN model adapted to polish conditions is presented. Long term survival (4 patients over 10 years) and low complications rate, comparable to reported from West European countries and USA, shows HPN possible in Poland and developed HPN model is efficient and safe method of life-restoring therapy with long term survival of patients with severe disturbances of absorption otherwise leading to death by starvation.
Pol Tyg Lek 1995 Oct
PMID:[Parenteral nutrition at home]. 865 59

Mouse RNA polymerase I (Pol I) is composed of 14 polypeptides, 3 of which are thought to be loosely associated with, and may be dislodged from, Pol I. To find out whether these polymerase-associated factors (PAF53, 51, and 49) serve a role in growth-dependent control of rDNA transcription, we generated polyclonal antibodies against three subunits of murine Pol I, RPA116, RPA40 and PAF53, and used different experimental approaches, e.g. immunoblot analysis, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence studies, to compare the stoichiometry of individual subunits both in different Pol I preparations and in extracts from cells grown under different conditions. This comparative analysis reveals that the molar ratio of the second largest subunit RPA116 to PAF53 is the same, irrespective of whether crude extracts or highly purified Pol I fractions are analyzed. Significantly, the relative level of PAF53 was comparable in exponentially growing or growth-arrested cells, indicating that growth-dependent fluctuations in Pol I activity are not accompanied by alterations in the amount of PAF53. In addition, we show by high resolution immunofluorescence analysis that, under conditions of repressed rDNA transcription, including serum starvation, actinomycin treatment und during mitosis, PAF53 remains attached to the transcriptional machinery. The finding that the Mr 53,000 protein remains in the multiprotein complex under all experimental conditions tested indicates that PAF53 is not a loosely associated regulatory factor but a bona fide subunit of Pol I.
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PMID:Constitutive and strong association of PAF53 with RNA polymerase I. 925 23


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