Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038187 (starvation)
 24,951 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastric reduction operations are designed to control body weight by establishing a small, meal-size juxtaesophageal, gastric pouch that empties into the jejunum (gastric bypass) or the larger portion of the stomach (gastroplasty). If the outlet of the pouch is too small, a patient may be limited to ingesting clear liquids. Vomiting then occurs if heavier liquids or normal foods are taken. An occasional patient has difficulty eating properly and vomits even though the pouch volume and outlet are of optimum size. For a patient who reports vomiting, a distinction must be made between episodic improper eating and uncontrolled starvation. Three types of starvation injury are described: (1) sudden death from protein malnutrition; (2) refeeding syndrome; and (3) Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. The mechanisms of the development, manifestations, prevention, and treatment of these complications are explained. Surgeons who treat severe obesity should be aware of these complications and be prepared to manage patients who have uncontrolled vomiting so that such complications either do not develop or are recognized and treated as early as possible before serious and irreversible injury occurs.
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PMID:Starvation injury after gastric reduction for obesity. 971 29

Thiamine or vitamin B1 is a water soluble vitamin of the vitamin B complex. It is synthetized by bacteria, fungi and plants and is an essential component of multicellular living organisms. Humans are not able to synthetize this vitamin and have to obtain it from different foods. Thiamin has a vital role in the normal function of the human body. It functions as a coenzyme in the catabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids and has an antioxidant role. It has an essential function in a series of metabolic processes related to energy production and conversion of sugar to ATP, as a catalyst in the Krebs cycle. It takes part in the synthesis of neurotransmitters and has a main role in the central nervous system and immune system. Deficiency results in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, optic neuropathy, Beri-Beri and other disorders. Vitamin B deficiency in not rare and may occur in conditions related to malnutrition, alcoholism, diabetes, congestive heart failure and others. In this review an effort has been made to demonstrate the presence of thiamine deficiency in various clinical situations frequent in modern medicine, attributed in the past to populations with "classical" inadequate feeding and starvation, or severe malnutrition. Identification of potential causes of vitamin B1 deficiency, knowledge of its metabolic properties and the clinical manifestations of its deficiency are important for the implementation of early therapeutic response required for the reduction and prevention of symptoms related to this disorder.
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PMID:[THIAMINE--"THE ROAD EXPERIENCE" OF THE VITAMIN AS A MANIFESTATION OF DEFICIENCY IN A WORLD OF ABUNDANCE]. 2674 31