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Query: UMLS:C0038187 (starvation)
 24,951 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nutrition of colonic epithelial cells is mainly from short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by bacterial fermentation in the colonic lumen. n-Butyrate contributes more carbon of oxidation to epithelial cells than glucose or glutamine from the vasculature. Incomplete starvation of colonic epithelial cells through lack of luminal SCFAs leads, in the short term, to mucosal hypoplasia with either diminished absorption or diarrhea. A chronic lack of SCFAs or complete organ starvation in conjunction with other factors leads to nutritional colitis, either "diversion colitis" or "starvation colitis." Whether predominantly diarrhea or colitis develops in mucosal malnutrition appears to depend upon the severity and duration of starvation. Ulcerative colitis may be classified as a nutritional colitis in that colonic epithelial cells are unable to utilize SCFAs reflecting epithelial starvation despite abundant SCFAs.
Dis Colon Rectum 1990 Oct
PMID:The starved colon--diminished mucosal nutrition, diminished absorption, and colitis. 220 75

This study was undertaken to determine the changes in basic nutritional indices associated with major colonic surgery accompanied by periods of semi-starvation. Changes in weight, serum albumin, nitrogen balance, and maximum exercise capacity were studied. Weight loss was 5.5 +/- 1 per cent, serum albumin decreased 0.20 +/- 0.15 gm per cent. Nitrogen loss was 5.9 +/- 0.9 gm per day and maximum exercise capacity decreased by 13.5 +/- 1.8 per cent. Nitrogen balance improved when amino acids were substituted for glucose as the maintenance regimen, but no corresponding improvement in exercise performance could be demonstrated. It is concluded that major colonic surgery associated with moderate periods of semi-starvation is associated with an average nitrogen loss of 5.9 +/- 0.9 gm per day and a 13.5 +/- 1.8 per cent loss in maximum exercise capacity or effective muscle mass.
Dis Colon Rectum 1984 Oct
PMID:An assessment of nutritional depletion following major colonic surgery. 648 74