Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038187 (starvation)
 24,951 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The entity of postoperative acute cholecystitis has striking features that demand special attention. The process may follow intra- and extra-abdominal procedures, and the diagnosis may be especially difficult after recent abdominal operations. The course of the disease is frequently obscure and fulminant, progressing rapidly to gangrene and perforation of the gallbladder, with a high mortality rate. Six such patients, aged 69 to 83 years, were managed in our department, with one death. The cause of this complication is probably multifactorial and includes: stasis of bile of high viscosity induced by dehydration, hypovolemia, fever, and shock; obstruction at the sphincter of Oddi following starvation, anesthesia, narcotics or other possible factors such as pigment load following blood transfusion; and impaired circulation to the gallbladder secondary to sympathetic stimulation or blood-borne toxic factors induced by septicemia. The key to successful treatment is awareness, early diagnosis, intensive preoperative treatment with fluids and antibiotics, and percutaneous drainage or immediate cholecystectomy.
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PMID:Postoperative acute cholecystitis complicating unrelated operations. 357 Jul 34

Sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT-2) inhibitor is a relatively new medication used to treat diabetes. At present, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has only approved three medications (canagliflozin, dapagliflozin and empagliflozin) in this drug class for the management of Type 2 diabetes. In May 2015, the FDA issued a warning of ketoacidosis with use of this drug class. Risk factors for the development of ketoacidosis among patients who take SGLT-2 inhibitors include decrease carbohydrate intake/starvation, acute illness and decrease in insulin dose. When identified, immediate cessation of the medication and administration of glucose must be done, and in some instances, starting an insulin drip might be necessary. We present a case of a patient with diabetes mellitus being on empagliflozin (SGLT-2 antagonist) who was admitted for acute cholecystitis. The hospital course was complicated by euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis after being kept nothing per orem before a contemplated cholecystectomy.
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PMID:The DKA that wasn't: a case of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis due to empagliflozin. 2747 97