Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Herpesvirus sylvilagus infection of cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) was studied as a model of herpesvirus-induced lymphoproliferative disorders. Leukocytosis, splenomegaly, proliferation of T cells and virus production by lymphocytes characterized this infectious mononucleosis-like disease. Approximately two copies of circular herpesvirus sylvilagus genomes per cell were detected in spleen cells at 2 weeks postinfection, and circular genomes could still be observed after 4 months. Circular viral genomes were found in both B and T lymphocytes. Small amounts of linear viral DNA (0.1 to 0.3 copies per cell) were also detected in both B and T cells. These results indicated that the virus did not replicate in the majority of lymphocytes in vivo. Herpesvirus sylvilagus infection in cottontail rabbits could be useful as a model for studying the complex virus-host relationships of lymphotropic herpesviruses and perhaps as an animal model for Epstein-Barr virus infection in humans.
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PMID:Herpesvirus sylvilagus infects both B and T lymphocytes in vivo. 299 67

Mouse C127I cells were transformed with a chimeric plasmid consisting of bovine papillomavirus DNA and human granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) cDNA placed under the control of the SV40 early promoter. The transformed cells secreted constitutively a high level of human G-CSF, 10-20 micrograms/ml in a low-serum medium. The secreted G-CSF has been purified to homogeneity by a two-step procedure including gel filtration and hydrophobic column chromatography. The purified recombinant G-CSF runs as a single band with an apparent Mr of 19,000 on a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. This value corresponds to that of the native human G-CSF purified from the medium conditioned by human carcinoma CHU-2 cells. The recombinant human G-CSF was as active as native G-CSF in vitro in supporting proliferation of mouse NFS-60 cells and stimulating colony formation from human as well as mouse bone marrow cells. When the recombinant human G-CSF was subcutaneously administrated into mice, a remarkable stimulation of granulopoiesis and splenomegaly was observed.
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PMID:Characterization of recombinant human granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor produced in mouse cells. 303 99

Four case histories are reported: 1. A 37-year-old woman suffering from Glanzmann's thrombasthenia has been regularly seen since 1955. Characteristically (and in contrast to the first description by Glanzmann!) persistently prolonged bleeding times were noted. Clot retraction is severely diminished and the platelets fail to aggregate upon various stimuli. (Platelet agglutination upon addition of ristocetin to platelet rich plasma is normal.) The diagnosis of thrombasthenia was confirmed by demonstration of a deficiency of the membrane glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex. In recent years the patient has become refractory to platelet transfusion therapy, a response shown to be due to antibodies against GPIIb/IIIa in the plasma. Spontaneous bleeding tendency has appeared to improve over the years. 2. Two patients with proliferation of B-lymphocytes are presented. a) Splenomegaly and an increase of B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood were detected in a 45-year-old asymptomatic man. DNA analysis suggested that polyclonal proliferation of B-lymphocytes was present. Diagnostic considerations are discussed. b) In a 46-year-old male patient with subacute aleukemic leukemia of a pre-B-cell type diagnosed in 1981, the disease showed an unexpectedly benign course: after initial mild chemotherapy the patient has remained in a stable condition while off cytotoxic treatment for the last two years. Nevertheless, besides anemia necessitating regular transfusions, persistent agranulocytosis is present which is not explained by bone marrow infiltration. In vitro experiments suggest suppression of myelopoiesis by cellular interaction with leukemic cells or a deficiency of growth factors causing agranulocytosis. 3. An 81-year-old man showed signs and symptoms of lead intoxication which proved to be due to oral ingestion of a lead-containing ointment.
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PMID:[Unusual features in Glanzmann thrombasthenia; proliferation of B-lymphocytes, lead poisoning]. 305 86

Felty's syndrome (FS) refers to the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis, splenomegaly, and neutropenia. A subset of these patients has recently been described with a chronic T cell leukemia of large granular lymphocytes (LGCL). To examine the spectrum of lymphocyte abnormalities in FS and LGCL, we examined phenotypic and genotypic properties of lymphocytes from eight FS patients. In two of these FS patients, we observed an elevated proportion of T cells with an unusual phenotype (CD3+/Leu-7+/Leu-8-/CR3+) (46 +/- 5% of mononuclear cells). The FS lymphocytes had large granular morphology on Wright-Giemsa stain and were active in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic activity. This phenotype, morphology, and activity was similar to LGCL patients except that the latter T cells additionally expressed the Fc-IgG receptor recognized by monoclonal antibody Leu-11 (CD 15). In the remaining six FS patients, the proportion of CD3+/Leu-7+/CR 3+ T cells was only 10 +/- 8%, which was not significantly different from age-matched normal subjects (6.6 +/- 2.2%). To determine the clonality of T lymphocytes in FS and LGCL, we examined DNA for rearrangements of the T cell antigen receptor beta-chain (Ti beta) and gamma-chain (Ti gamma) genes by using Southern blotting techniques. We found a clonal rearrangement of the Ti beta 1 and Ti gamma genes in both LGCL patients. In contrast, no clonal rearrangements of Ti beta or Ti gamma genes were detected in lymphocytes from the FS patients. These results indicate that FS patients are heterogeneous in their phenotype and that one subset exhibits polyclonal expansion of an unusual lymphocyte subset.
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PMID:Comparison of T cell receptor gene rearrangements in patients with large granular T cell leukemia and Felty's syndrome. 310 95

The effect of (-)15-deoxyspergualin (15-dsp), a new immunosuppressant which was originally separated from the culture filtrate of a strain of Bacillus laterosporus, was evaluated in this study. Various doses of 15-dsp were subcutaneously administered to New Zealand black/white F1 hybrid mice (B/WF1) four times a week starting at 14 weeks of age, just prior to the onset of nephropathy. The life span of the treated animals, studied at 0.6 to 6.0 mg/kg body weights, compared with the control mice was significantly prolonged by 15-dsp treatment (percent survival of the treated mice at 50 to 70 weeks of age was significantly higher than that of the control mice, except that of the 0.6 mg group at 60 wks of age, P less than 0.05 by Fisher's exact test). In the 6.0 mg group of mice, complete suppression of spontaneously progressive splenomegaly with decreased total spleen cells was observed at 24 through 36 weeks of age compared with the same-aged control group of mice (P less than 0.01). Absolute numbers of L3T4+ splenocytes determined by flow cytometry, as well as L3T4+/Lyt2+ ratio, were decreased, while in vitro interleukin 2 production by splenocytes induced with staphylococcal enterotoxin A was significantly enhanced. Serum IgG anti-ds DNA antibody levels, measured by radioimmunoassay in the treated mice, were significantly lower at 24 through 36 weeks of age than those in the control mice (P less than 0.01), and the incidence of significant proteinuria (greater than or equal to 100 mg/dl) in the 15-dsp group was lower at both 32 and 36 weeks of age (P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Lupus nephropathy in New Zealand F1 hybrid mice treated by (-)15-deoxyspergualin. 319 66

Transgenic mice containing intact copies of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proviral DNA were constructed. Founder animals were not viremic for HIV and remained healthy during a 9-month observation period. After being mated with nontransgenic animals, one founder mouse (No. 13) gave rise to F1 progeny that developed a disease syndrome characterized by marked epidermal hyperplasia, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, pulmonary lymphoid infiltrates, growth retardation, and death by day 25 of life. Infectious HIV, indistinguishable from parental virus by immunoblot analysis, was recovered from the spleen, lymph nodes, and skin of five of five affected animals.
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PMID:Development of disease and virus recovery in transgenic mice containing HIV proviral DNA. 320 Dec 55

The current study examines the role of the L3T4 T cell subset in the development of lupus-like autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation in lpr-bearing mice. Chronic treatment of MRL-lpr/lpr mice with anti-L3T4 antibody beginning at 4 wk old was found to markedly decrease the production of IgG anti-DNA and antihistone antibodies, while having no effect on IgM autoantibodies. A dramatic reduction in splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy was also observed coincident with a decrease in the percentage and total number of Thy-1+, B220+ cells. Together, the data suggest an important role for L3T4+ T cells in the pathogenesis of disease in lpr mice and provide further evidence that a requirement for the L3T4 subset may be a common feature of murine autoimmunity.
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PMID:The contribution of L3T4+ T cells to lymphoproliferation and autoantibody production in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. 325 58

Two cases of large cell lymphoma, B-cell type, primarily involving the red pulp of the spleen rather than the white pulp are described. A number of unusual features suggest that this may be a lymphoma originating from a distinct splenic B-cell lymphocyte whose origin may be the marginal zone of the spleen or the splenic cords. The patients presented with splenomegaly, cytopenias, and no peripheral lymphadenopathy. The gross appearance of the spleens was beefy red without tumor nodules. The tumor cells were primarily in the splenic cords and surrounding residual normal white pulp. There was a minimal hemic phase. The tumor cells had abundant cytoplasm, surface IgM, IgD, kappa, and FC receptors, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, but no alkaline phosphatase or interleukin-2 receptors. They had a similar DNA aneuploidy. The most unusual feature was that tumor cells in both cases had phagocytic properties. These lymphomas may be clinically more indolent than their follicular center counterparts.
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PMID:B lymphocytic lymphoma (large cell) of possible splenic marginal zone origin presenting with prominent splenomegaly and unusual cordal red pulp distribution. 329 36

We investigated the effect of human recombinant DNA-derived IFN-alpha-2 given in a dose of 1-2 X 10(6) units daily by subcutaneous injection to five patients with advanced idiopathic myelofibrosis (IM). Transfusion dependent anemia and symptomatic splenomegaly were taken as inclusion criteria for this pilot study. Two patients succumbed, one and three months after starting interferon-treatment because of pneumonia and traumatic cranial injury, respectively. While on IFN-treatment no improvement of cytopenia or reduction of splenomegaly was seen in four of the patients. In one patient, however, the requirement for erythrocyte transfusions decreased from 5 to 1.7 monthly upon IFN-treatment. After two, four and six months respectively IFN-treatment had to be stopped in these cases because of progressive thrombocytopenia and/or neutropenia. These observations suggest, that IFN-alpha might be of only marginal value in the treatment of advanced idiopathic myelofibrosis.
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PMID:Interferon-alpha-2 in the treatment of idiopathic myelofibrosis. 335 3

Using 70% hepatectomized rat, morphological and functional changes of the spleen after partial hepatectomy were investigated. The results were as follows; 1. The weight of the spleen was maximum on the 7th and 10th day after partial hepatectomy and still high on the 14th day. There was no definite relationship between the weight of the spleen and the portal pressure. 2. Histologically and morphometrically, there was neither congestion nor enlargement in the red pulp after hepatectomy. Until the 3rd day after hepatectomy, the white pulp was developed. From the second day through the 14th day the marginal zone was enlarged. 3. The incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA of the spleen cells increased from the first day through the 7th day after hepatectomy. By autoradiography the labeled cells were mainly large mononuclear cells. 4. Both macrophages phagocytizing carbon particles in the red pulp and endogenous peroxidase-positive macrophages in the marginal zone were increased on the third day but not on the 7th day after hepatectomy. 5. Studied by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies, both T and B cells in the spleen were increased after hepatectomy. 1 and 3 days after hepatectomy T cell zone was predominant, but 7 days after hepatectomy B cell zone was predominant. Most of cells in the marginal zone were B cells and they were increased on the 7th day after hepatectomy. These results suggest that the splenomegaly after 70% hepatectomy is due to not only portal congestion or increase of macrophages but increase of lymphocytes.
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PMID:[Experimental study on splenomegaly after partial hepatectomy]. 343 39


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