Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An intervention study was carried out in Paediatric wards for a period of one year from January 2003 to December 2003 to determine the efficacy and safety of azithromycin in the treatment of uncomplicated childhood typhoid fever. A total of 50 cases were enrolled in the study. The inclusion criteria of the cases were: documented fever for more than 7 days plus two or more of the following clinical features: toxic appearance, abdominal tenderness, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, diarrhoea, constipation and coated tongue plus positive Widal test and/or blood culture positivity. Patients who had complication like gastrointestinal tract (GIT) haemorrhage; intestinal perforation and/or shock were excluded from the study. Data were collected in a structured questionnaire. Azithromycin was given at a dose of 10mg/kg /day for a period of 07 days. The time to defervescence was 3.82+/-1.49 days. The minimum defervescence time was 02 days and maximum was 07 days. Clinical cure rate was 94%. No serious adverse effect was noted related to azithromycin therapy except nausea, vomiting, and jaundice. Prior treatment with antibiotics did not affect defervescence time (P>0.05). Pre-treatment febrile period has got positive and linear correlation with clinical response (r = +0.593). It was found that once daily administration of oral azithromycin for seven days in the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever was effective and reasonably safe.
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PMID:Efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of childhood typhoid Fever. 1770 50

An intervention study was carried out in the department of paediatrics of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh to compare the clinical efficacy of Azithromycin in the treatment of childhood typhoid fever with that of cefixime for a period of one year from January 2011 to December 2011. A total of 60 cases of typhoid fever were enrolled in to a randomized clinical trial and was divided into two groups. The inclusion criteria of the cases were: Documented fever for more than 4 days plus two or more of the following clinical features: toxic physical appearance, intestinal complaints, coated tongue, ceacal gurgling, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, diarrhoea and constipation plus positive Widal test and/or blood culture positivity. Patients who had complication like GIT heamorrhage; intestinal perforaion and/or shock were excluded from the study. Data were collected in a structured questionnaire. Azithromycin was given at a dose of 10mg/kg/day for a period of 07 days Cefixime was given at a dose of 20mg/kg/day in two divided dose for 14 days. The mean time of defervesence was 4.05+1.14 days with azithromycin and 3.41+0.95 with cefixime respectively. The minimum defervesence time was 02 days and maximum defervesence time was 07 days. Clinical cure rate was 87% in azithromycin group and 93% in cefixime group. No serious adverse effect was noted related to azithromycin and cefixime therapy except nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and jaundice. It was found that azithromycin is almost as effective as cefixime in the treatment of typhoid fever.
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PMID:Comparison between azithromycin and cefixime in the treatment of typhoid fever in children. 2517 94

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are common pathogens of respiratory infection among children and young adults. Although single infection of 1 of these pathogens is common enough, their coinfection has been rarely reported. A 19-year-old woman presented with severe upper abdominal pain for 5 hours as well as flu-like symptoms and jaundice for 2 to 3 weeks. Initial tests found pancytopenia, abnormal liver functions, and presence of atypical lymphocytes in blood smear; the computed tomography of the abdomen revealed para-aortic lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and a wedge-shaped focal hypodensity lesion at the periphery of the spleen that was later diagnosed as splenic infarction. Her presentation raised suspicion of infectious mononucleosis. Nevertheless, monospot test, human immunodeficiency virus screening, and hepatitis viral serology were all negative, except that her M pneumoniae immunoglobulin M was found positive. Azithromycin was promptly given, but her fever and abdominal pain persisted. A strong suspicion of mononucleosis led to serological tests for EBV and CMV, which confirmed coinfection of EBV and CMV. By hospital day 7, her fever and abdominal pain had subsided and her liver function became normal. This case exemplifies the challenges in the diagnosis of coinfection of multiple respiratory pathogens and its associated complications. Greater awareness among clinicians would ensure an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of coinfection of EBV/CMV with other respiratory pathogen(s).
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PMID:Splenic infarction caused by a rare coinfection of Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. 2518 5