Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 37 year old male developed fever for 20 days, along with headache, anorexia, malaise, sweating, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. At this stage, Ag p24 was positive and anti HIV was negative. The patient recovered fully but 6 months later positive HIV titers were demonstrated by immunofluorescence and Western-blot. A retrospective diagnosis of acute retroviral syndrome was made. The difficult differential diagnosis with infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus, measles, rubella, toxoplasmosis and influenza is discussed. Thus, anti HIV antigenemia should be investigated in any patient with a mononucleosis like syndrome belonging in a high risk group for AIDS, even if Paul-Bunnell-Davidson or IgG anti VCA-EB reactions are positive.
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PMID:[Acute retroviral syndrome]. 182 45

We observed 12 patients with acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. The clinical syndrome was characterized by fever (all cases), generalized lymphadenopathy (11), arthralgias and myalgias (9), sore throat (9), rash (7), splenomegaly (6), and other less frequent signs and symptoms. All patients had a spontaneous resolution of their symptoms within 5-30 days. Anti-HIV-1 serum antibodies, as measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) at the onset of clinical illness, were negative in every patient. HIV antigen (p24), on the contrary, was detectable in nine cases. Western blot IgM and IgG analysis was serially performed: IgMs were positive in nine cases and IgGs in three. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio was low in all patients because CD8+ were remarkably increased and CD4+ slightly reduced. A laterocervical lymph nodes biopsy was performed in four patients. The morphological and immunohistological pattern of the acute HIV-1-related lymphadenopathy did not correspond to any of the typical ones. The envelope virus protein gp120/160 was found in interfollicular and follicular lymphocytes, in endothelial cells, and in interdigitating and dendritic reticulum cells. The p17 and p24 core virus proteins were mainly detected in endothelial, interdigitating, and dendritic reticulum cells, but in only a few lymphocytes. The follow-up suggests a rapid evolution to ARC and AIDS in patients showing an acute symptomatic HIV infection.
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PMID:Acute HIV-1 infection: clinical and biological study of 12 patients. 196 96

A case-control study was performed in Martinique, French West Indies, comparing 66 anti-p24 antibody carriers to 91 seronegative subjects for HTLV-I, matched for age and place of residence. The aim of our study was to identify factors associated with HTLV-I infection and to observe whether clinical examination and biological measurements would reveal any abnormalities among the seropositive subjects. We observed a predominance of females among seropositive subjects (74% compared to 59%, p less than 0.05), and a greater risk due to earlier blood transfusions (p less than 0.001). This survey revealed important differences between cases and controls regarding socioeconomic factors: cases had fewer luxuries or advantages (i.e. bathroom, toilets, refrigerator, telephone, p less than 0.01), were more corpulent (p less than 0.05), and more often widowed, divorced or separated (p less than 0.01) than the controls. Although the differences were not significant, the seropositive donors seemed to be less educated, and were from a lower socioprofessional class than the seronegative donors. With regard to clinical symptoms (infections, adenopathies, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly) and biological parameters (blood count; T-cell subsets, electrophoresis of protids, immunoglobulins, calcemia, antischistosomal antibody), seropositive subjects appeared to be healthy; no parameters, except for alpha 1 globulin (p less than 0.05) and monocytes (p less than 0.05), were found to be correlated with seropositivity; but these two parameters remained within their normal ranges. This study confirms blood transfusion as a risk factor. It underscored the importance of socioeconomic factors for seropositivity.
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PMID:HTLV-I infection in French West Indies: a case-control study. 204 16

Since 1985 organ donors are routinely tested for the presence of HIV-antibodies, but prior to that time several patients acquired HIV-infection from grafts. In May 1984 a 65-year-old woman on hemodialysis received a cadaver kidney graft from a young iv drug addict. The transplant functioned perfectly with cyclosporin A immunosuppression. Retrospectively, 22 days after surgery HIV antigen was detected. At this time only a faint band of anti-p24 antibodies was found in the Western blot. Two years after surgery splenomegaly was found in the apparently healthy patient. During the third year thrombocytes fell and she developed lymphadenopathy and constitutional symptoms. Up to this time the immunological parameters were in the range of 10 healthy renal transplant patients with cyclosporin A treatment. In the 4th year T-lymphocytes dropped to values below 200 and the patient developed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. A few months later a pulmonary node, which later proved to be a B-cell lymphoma, appeared. Slightly less than 5 years after transplantation the patient died from clinically diagnosed pulmonary embolism. The progression of the HIV-Infection in this patient and in one of 18 patients in published reports show that the incubation period is several years shorter in renal transplant patients than in those who acquire HIV from blood products.
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PMID:[HIV infection caused by kidney transplant: case report and review of 18 published cases]. 267 39

The immunologic and clinicopathologic features of common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA)-positive and CALLA-negative T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and of CALLA-positive non-T, non-B ALL (common ALL) of childhood were compared. Twenty-seven percent of children with T-ALL had blasts that expressed CALLA. This expression was not associated with a significantly different incidence of expression of sheep erythrocyte-rosette receptors, glucocorticoid receptors, peanut agglutinin receptors, or T-cell antigens. CALLA-positive T-cell blasts were more likely to express a p24 leukemia-associated antigen (CD9, 50% versus 8%) and Ia antigens (39% versus 8%) than were CALLA-negative blasts. Patients with CALLA-positive and CALLA-negative T-ALL had similar clinicopathologic features at diagnosis. In contrast, compared to patients with common ALL, patients with CALLA-positive T-ALL were older, had higher leukocyte counts, and an increased incidence of splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and mediastinal mass, similar to patients with CALLA-negative T-ALL. Patients with CALLA-positive T-ALL were more likely to achieve a complete remission (95% versus 83%, P = 0.055) and tended to have an increased duration of event-free survival (P = 0.07) than did patients with CALLA-negative T-ALL. The expression of T-cell antigens is more important than the expression of CALLA in defining biologically similar subgroups of childhood ALL. Preliminary evidence suggests that within T-ALL the expression of CALLA may be prognostically important.
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PMID:Immunologic and clinicopathologic features of common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen-positive childhood T-cell leukemia. A Pediatric Oncology Group Study. 295 60

Lymphoblasts from 59 children with non-T, non-B acute lymphoblastic leukaemia were studied with monoclonal antibodies to four cell-surface proteins. 87% of the children had lymphoblasts positive for HLA-DR, 82% for p30, 75% for p24, and 72% for CALLA. The commonest composite phenotype was HLA-DR+ p30+ CALLA+ p24+. Significant correlations were seen between expression of HLA-DR, p30, and CALLA, but not p24. p30- and CALLA phenotypes were found in patients with high white-blood-cell counts (WBC) and splenomegaly. With standard chemotherapy, disease-free survival from time of remission was shorter in p30- and CALLA- patients than in others. Splenomegaly was associated with poor disease-free survival and provided prognostic information independent of phenotype. High WBC was less significant than phenotype in predicting outcome and was not independent of phenotype.
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PMID:Clinical usefulness of monoclonal-antibody phenotyping in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 612 6

Five sheep were experimentally inoculated with BLV in order to study the humoral immune response in animals infected with bovine leukaemia virus (BLV). During experimental periods of 46 months, 2 sheep died with leukaemia and one sheep showed splenomegaly and proliferation of tumour cells. The other 2 sheep were clinically normal. All of the inoculated sheep developed antiviral antibodies 1 month after inoculation and BLV could be re-isolated in lymphocytes 2 to 3 months after inoculation. Antibody against glycoprotein antigen (gp51) of BLV appeared earlier than the antibody against protein antigen (p24) and antibody titres of the former were higher than those of the latter during the course of the experiment. The complement dependent antibody cytotoxicity test was performed for the detection of antibody against BLV-related cell membrane antigen with 2 different kinds of target cells; FLK cells which are foetal lamb kidney cells chronically infected with BLV and SF-28 cells which are sheep fibroblasts transformed with BLV in vitro. All 5 sheep developed cytotoxic antibodies against both types of cells. In sera from two leukaemic sheep, cytotoxic antibody titres against SF-28 cells gradually decreased 30 months after inoculation and finally became negative one to 3 months before they died of leukaemia. However, these leukaemic sheep persistently produced antibodies against gp51 and p24.
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PMID:Induction of lymphosarcoma in sheep inoculated with bovine leukaemia virus. 633 Jan 82

Spleens collected from 85 consecutive autopsies of AIDS patients (mean age 37 years) were studied. Splenomegaly, observed in 59 cases (69.4%), does not statistically correlate with life style and blood transfusions. Eleven very large spleens (over 890 g) were associated with opportunistic infections (i.e.: mycobacteria, true fungi and rochalimaea). The histological pattern was characterized by marked lymphoid depletion of the white pulp and--in 67 cases (89.4%)--packing of the pulp cords by macrophages engulfed of brown pigment which was strongly positive to the Perls reaction for ferric iron. The contemporary presence of Perls positive and p24 immunoreactive material was diffusely observed in the cytoplasm of splenic macrophages, also positive to the alkaline tetrazolium reaction. The same was observed in the cytoplasm of monocytes/macrophages of lung and brain (in 5 out of 5 patients with splenomegaly > 600 g, randomly selected). We believe that our findings deal with the formation of a haemoglobin--p24 complex and are in keeping with recent data which suggest the formation of disulphide bonds between viral proteins and haemoglobin.
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PMID:[AIDS splenomegaly and related iron problems]. 961 56

We have isolated a substance with anti-retroviral activity from the freshly prepared crude extract of Chelidonium majus L. (greater celandine) by 9-aminoacridine precipitation method and ion exchange chromatography using Dowex-50W/H+ resin followed by the gel filtration on Sephadex-75 column. Elemental and phenol/sulfuric acid method analyses as well as the mass spectrometry of the purified substance indicated that it may represent a low-sulfated poly-glycosaminoglycan moiety with molecular weight of approximately 3800 Da. The substance prevented infection of human CD4+ T-cell lines AA2 and H9 with HIV-1 at concentration of 25 microg/mL as well as the cell-to-cell virus spread in H9 cells continuously infected with HIV-1, as determined by the measurement of reverse transcriptase activity and p24 content in cell cultures. Furthermore, we have shown in a murine AIDS model that the treatment with purified substance significantly prevented splenomegaly and the enlargement of cervical lymph nodes in C57Bl/6 mice chronically infected with the pool of murine leukemia retroviruses. The mechanism(s) of anti-retroviral activity of this substance have to be elucidated.
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PMID:In vitro and in vivo anti-retroviral activity of the substance purified from the aqueous extract of Chelidonium majus L. 1664 65

Patients suffering from adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are very ill and present most commonly with shortness of breath during physical activity, a pale complexion from anemia, a very low platelet count, the appearance of pinhead-sized red spots under the skin called petechiae, or prolonged bleeding from minor cuts and discomfort in the bones and joints. Fever in the absence of an obvious cause is common. Leukemic lymphoblasts may accumulate in the lymphatic system, and lymph nodes can be enlarged. We report a young adult male with a novel translocation in ALL, who had vague (uncertain) minimal symptoms and splenomegaly. The patient had a unique cytogenetic abnormality: 45,XY,der(9)t(9;12)(p24;q12),-12, which has not been previously described in ALL. This is categorized as a poor risk due to his failure to achieve complete remission after induction chemotherapy.
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PMID:Adult B Lymphoblastic Leukemia with a Novel De Novo Chromosomal Translocation [der(9)t(9;12)(p24;q12),-12]: A Case Report. 2574 Dec 18


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