Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In Eseka and Edea bilharziasis caused by S. intercalatum is transmitted by B. forskali, the only intermediate host of human schistosomes found in the area. The prevalence of the disease is obtained by calculating the percentage of inhabitants voiding eggs in their stools in the districts of the towns located in the neighbourhood of Bulinus-containing streams and ponds. The prevalence is low, 5,6% in Eseka and 4,9% in Edea. The size and the number of waterbodies where transmission occurs is small. Rectoscopy showed that rectal and sigmoid lesions are frequently seen. Clinical manifestations are abdominal pain, diarrhoea, dysentery, tenesmus, appearance of blood in the stools. Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly occur sometimes. A single dose of 2-cyclohexylcarbonyl-1,2,3,6,7,11b-hexahydro-4H-pyrazino[2,1-a] isoquinolin-4-one (praziquantel, EMBAY 8440, Biltricide) is effective in the treatment of the disease.
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PMID:[Epidemiological study of foci of S. intercalatum schistosomiasis in Eseka and Edea (Cameroon). Effects of treatment with praziquantel]. 719 50

Schistosomiasis is an endemic disease in Egypt caused by the trematode Schistosoma which has different species. Hepatic schistosomiasis represents the best known form of chronic disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. The pathogenesis of schistosomiasis is related to the host cellular immune response. This leads to granuloma formation and neo angiogenesis with subsequent periportal fibrosis manifested as portal hypertension, splenomegaly and esophageal varices. Intestinal schistosomiasis is another well identified form of chronic schistosomal affection. Egg deposition and granuloma formation eventually leads to acute then chronic schistosomal colitis and is commonly associated with polyp formation. It frequently presents as abdominal pain, diarrhea, tenesmus and anal pain. Definite diagnosis of schistosomiasis disease depends on microscopy and egg identification. Marked progress regarding serologic diagnosis occurred with development of recent PCR techniques that can confirm schistosomal affection at any stage. Many antischistosomal drugs have been described for treatment, praziquantel being the most safe and efficient drug. Still ongoing studies try to develop effective vaccines with identification of many target antigens. Preventive programs are highly needed to control the disease morbidity and to break the cycle of transmission.
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PMID:Hepatic and intestinal schistosomiasis: review. 2568 51