Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An epidemic of dengue hemorrhagic fever occurred in Delhi during 1988. A total of 21 pediatric patients with that illness or dengue shock syndrome were evaluated from September-November 1988. All patients had fever, restlessness, ecchymotic spots, and ascites. Pleural effusion occurred in 19 patients (90%) and 18 (86%) exhibited each of the following: vomiting, thrombocytopenia, and hemoconcentration. Hepatomegaly was observed in 15 patients (71%) and splenomegaly in 3 (14%). Titers of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies against dengue virus type 2 were raised in all 15 cases from whom sera were collected during the acute stage. Convalescent sera from 5 patients had increased titers of HI antibodies to dengue virus type 2. The remaining 10 cases exhibited raised IgM antibody levels against dengue virus type 2. The fatality rate for serologically proven cases was 13% (2 of 15 patients) while for all patients (including those diagnosed clinically [n=6] and serologically [n=15]), it was 33.3% (7 of 21). Patients who survived had no sequelae, except 1 who had transient hypertension which continued for 2 weeks.
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PMID:Dengue haemorrhagic fever in children in Delhi. 156 74

A 7-year-old, crossbred, desexed bitch had a fluctuating illness of more than 6 months duration, with signs of inappetence, reduced exercise tolerance, restlessness, panting, black diarrhoea, and red eyes and ears. Haematological examination disclosed persistent polycythaemia, reticulocytosis, normoblastaemia , and normal total plasma protein concentration when not dehydrated. Splenomegaly was present, but there was no evidence of significant pulmonary, cardiac or renal disease on physical, radiographic or electrocardiographic examination. Further investigations revealed normal arterial Po2 and oxygen saturation, and increased total erythrocyte volume. Primary polycythaemia was diagnosed. The dog was rendered anaemic by bleeding, then treated with a single injection of radioactive phosphorus. The patient has had no recurrence of signs and remains well 50 months later.
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PMID:Primary polycythaemia in a dog. 673 71

We report a 45-year-old man with monocytosis and right hemiparesis. The patient suffered from an acute myocardial infarction from which he recovered completely when he was 42 years old. One year prior to his death, he was found to have increase in monocyte count (35.5% of leukocytes) in peripheral blood and splenomegaly; he was admitted to the hematology service of our hospital. He was diagnosed as having chronic myelomonocytic leukemia after bone marrow examination. He was treated with radiation therapy with improvement in splenomegaly. In May of 1995, he had fever, anemia, and thrombocytopenia for which he needed daily blood transfusion. In November of 1995, he had an onset of weakness in his right hand, and neurologic consultation was asked for in November 27, 1995. Neurologic examination revealed a chronically ill japanese man in no acute distress. He was alert and not demented. Higher cerebral functions were intact. Cranial nerve examination revealed right facial paresis of the central type. Motor-wise, he was right hemiparetic. Generalized muscle wasting was noted apparently due to the chronic debilitating disease. Deep tendon reflexes were within normal range in the right upper extremity, but were diminished in other areas. Sensation was intact, and no meningeal signs were noted. Pertinent laboratory findings were as follows: Hb 8 g/dl, RBC 238 x 10(4)/microliter, WBC 2,900/microliter (band 1.0%, seg 18.5%, lym 28.0%, mono 44.0%, Baso 2.5%), Plt 13 x 10(4)/microliter, PT 16.6"/10.9", APTT 44.7"/35.0". CSF contained 87 mg/dl of protein, 155 mg/dl of glucose and 2 mononuclear cells/microliter. Bone marrow was slightly hypercellular with mild increase in blast forms. No chromosome abnormality was found. CT and MRI revealed a large mass in the left fronto-parietal region and the meninges showed marked thickening with enhancement after gadolinium-DTPA in MRI. The patient was treated with glycerol and steroid, but the subsequent course was complicated by a seizure, agitation, and pneumonia. He died from respiratory failure on January 13, 1996. The patient was discussed in a neurologic CPC and the chief discussant arrived at the conclusion that the patient had chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with infiltration of leukemic cells into meninges and the parenchyme of the cerebrum. Thickening of the dura was thought to be in part a reaction to the subdural hematoma as well as to leukemic cells along the meninges. Postmortem examination revealed hypercellular bone marrow with increase in monocytic cells (more than 20%). The lungs showed pneumonia with scattered old tuberculous lesions. The heart showed an old myocardial infarction in the posterior wall of the left ventricle. The brain showed an old chronic subdural hematoma in the left fronto-temporal region and a cystic mass lesion in the left frontoparietal region. The mass was hypercellular and most of them were monocytes. The dura mater showed reactive thickening without leukemic cell infiltration. It was concluded that this patient had chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with a formation of leukemic mass in the brain. Pathologists thought that the mass was a hematogenous spread. It is rare for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia to form a mass lesion in the brain.
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PMID:[A 45-year-old man with peripheral monocytosis and right hemiparesis]. 962 75

Placental malaria is recognized as a common complication of malaria in pregnancy in areas of stable transmission, and, as a consequence, serious health problems arise for the mother and especially her baby [1]. Although malaria in pregnancy is a major factor associated with adverse perinatal outcome, the link between malaria and perinatal morbidity/mortality is less clear in areas with stable endemic malaria where pregnant women have acquired immunity [2]. Histological examination of the placenta is a predictor of fetal morbidity, as well as being the most sensitive detector of maternal infection [3]. Adverse perinatal outcome has been described as an important indicator of poor quality of obstetric care and social development [4]. A variety of adverse perinatal outcomes associated with placental malaria have been described, including low birth weight, preterm delivery, intrauterine growth retardation, fetal anemia, congenital malaria, and fetal mortality. The most common clinical features in 80 percent of perinatal cases are fever, anemia, and splenomegaly [5]. Other signs and symptoms include hepatomegaly, jaundice, regurgitation, loose stools, poor feeding, and, occasionally, drowsiness, restlessness, and cyanosis also can be seen [5,6].A review of studies that investigated these poor fetal outcomes associated with placental malaria in sub-Saharan Africa is presented here.
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PMID:Impact of placental Plasmodium falciparum malaria on pregnancy and perinatal outcome in sub-Saharan Africa: II: effects of placental malaria on perinatal outcome; malaria and HIV. 1829 21

Islet-cell tumors are the most common neuroendocrine tumors that arise from the endocrine pancreas. They are typically benign and sporadic. Diagnosis is generally established late because clinical signs lack specificity. The insulinoma is difficult to localize since it is very small in size, often not exceeding 2cm. We report an exceptional case of giant insulinoma initially revealed by a pseudo-polycythemia in an 80-year-old man. He had been treated for hypertension for a few months. Routine biological investigations showed elevated hematocrit and haemoglobin, suggesting Vaquez disease. History taking revealed recent episodes of nocturnal agitation. On admission, he had reddish skin with a suspected enlarged spleen, but total blood volume was normal. Imaging studies showed a voluminous tumor located between the pancreas and the spleen. The presence of an insulinoma was confirmed on the basis of an elevated level of proinsulin at the time of an asymptomatic episode of hypoglycemia. Spleno-pancreatectomy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a malignant, well-differentiated neuroendocrine malignant tumor.
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PMID:[Giant insulinoma]. 1893 31