Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Generally, individuals who are heterozygous to haemoglobin S (Hb AS) are asymptomatic and do not present any haematological or clinical manifestations. However, other associated genetic abnormalities may influence the presentation in Hb AS cases. This study was conducted on twenty children heterozygous for HB S who presented clinical manifestations similar to those of sickle cell anaemia. All these children had anaemia associated with several red cell morphological abnormalities. The white blood cell counts were elevated in all patients and differential count studies showed a substantial increase in lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes in the majority of the cases. Forty-five per cent of the patients had associated alpha-thalassaemia, 60 per cent had beta-thalassaemia, 30 per cent had G-6-PD deficiency and 10 per cent had partial glutathione reductase deficiency. Pyruvate kinase activity was normal in all cases. Riboflavin deficiency was encountered in 30 per cent of the patients and iron deficiency in 15 per cent of these Hb S heterozygotes. The major clinical findings were splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and vaso-occlusive crisis. The majority of the patients had received blood transfusions. The hand and foot syndrome was identified in three (15 per cent) of the patients. The haematological and clinical findings in these twenty Hb S heterozygotes are presented in this paper and the possible causes for these abnormalities are discussed.
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PMID:Case studies on haemoglobin S heterozygotes with severe clinical manifestations. 228 93

Pyruvate kinase (PKLR) deficiency protects mice and humans against blood-stage malaria. Although mouse strain AcB62 carries a malaria-protective PklrI90N genetic mutation, it is phenotypically susceptible to blood stage malaria induced by infection with Plasmodium chabaudi AS, suggesting a genetic modifier of the PklrI90N protective effect. Linkage analysis in a F2 cross between AcB62 (PklrI90N) and another PK deficient strain CBA/Pk (PklrG338D) maps this modifier (designated Char10) to chromosome 9 (LOD = 10.8, 95% Bayesian CI = 50.7-75Mb). To study the mechanistic basis of the Char10 effect, we generated an incipient congenic line (Char10C) that harbors the Char10 chromosome 9 segment from AcB62 fixed on the genetic background of CBA/Pk. The Char10 effect is shown to be highly penetrant as the Char10C line recapitulates the AcB62 phenotype, displaying high parasitemia following P. chabaudi infection, compared to CBA/Pk. Char10C mice also display a reduction in anemia phenotypes associated with the PklrG338D mutation including decreased splenomegaly, decreased circulating reticulocytes, increased density of mature erythrocytes, increased hematocrit, as well as decreased iron overload in kidney and liver and decreased serum iron. Erythroid lineage analyses indicate that the number of total TER119+ cells as well as the numbers of the different CD71+/CD44+ erythroblast sub-populations were all found to be lower in Char10C spleen compared to CBA/Pk. Char10C mice also displayed lower number of CFU-E per spleen compared to CBA/Pk. Taken together, these results indicate that the Char10 locus modulates the severity of pyruvate kinase deficiency by regulating erythroid responses in the presence of PK-deficiency associated haemolytic anemia.
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PMID:The mouse Char10 locus regulates severity of pyruvate kinase deficiency and susceptibility to malaria. 2854 7