Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rifampin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic able to penetrate intracellularly, was used for treatment of infections with Brucella melitensis in mice and Brucella abortus in guinea pigs. Treatments were administered for seven, 14, or 21 days; mice were given 25 mg of rifampin/kg per day, and guinea pigs 100 mg/kg per day. Efficacy of the drug was determined by comparison of rifampin-treated animals with saline-treated controls and with tetracycline-treated mice (200 mg/kg per day) according to the following criteria: (1) primary infections of the spleen and (in guinea pigs) of the lymph nodes; (2) residual infections of the spleen, i.e., infections shown after complementary treatment with suspensions of killed Corynebacterium parvum or with cortisone; (3) splenomegaly; and (4) serological response (in guinea pigs). Treatment with rifampin, even for one or two weeks, drastically reduced the number of infections by all of these criteris, and treatment for three weeks cured nearly all mice; the incidences of primary and residual infections in rifampin-treated mice after three weeks were 0 and 8.5%, respectively, as compared with 70.3% and 73.5%, respectively, in tetracycline-treated mice. Of 25 guinea pigs treated with rifampin for three weeks, spleen infection was shown in one, and lymph node infections in 10.
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PMID:Rifampin in the treatment of experimental brucellosis in mice and guinea pigs. 40 86

An 18-year-old Turkish farmer was admitted to the hospital because of fever, painful scrotal swelling, generalized lymph-node enlargement and splenomegaly. After an incubation period of six days Brucella melitensis was isolated in blood culture. The diagnosis of acute brucellosis with lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and epididymitis was made. He was treated with doxycycline and Rifampicin for six weeks and recovered completely. Three months after therapy he felt well. A relapse did not occur.
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PMID:[Fever, swelling of testis and epididymis, poly-lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly]. 187 75

33 children (22 girls) with brucellosis seen between 1972-1988 were studied retrospectively. All but 1 were Bedouins. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.8 years (range: 17 months-17 years). Duration of illness prior to diagnosis was less than 1 week in 13 (39%), 1-4 weeks in 8 (24%) and 1-3 months in 10 (30%). In 2 cases the symptoms lasted 6 and 8 months, respectively, before diagnosis. Presenting symptoms included fever (85%), articular involvement (65%), hepatomegaly (45%) and splenomegaly (33%). Less common manifestations were anorexia (30%) and weight loss (15%) cases. Meningoencephalitis developed in 2 patients and uveitis and glomerulonephritis in 1 each. Diagnosis was based on positive agglutination titers (greater than 160), which were found in all. Brucella melitensis was isolated in blood cultures in 8 of the 33. 18 were treated with tetracycline and 9 with tetracycline and streptomycin, all of whom responded well. 3 of the 6 treated with trimethoprimsulphamethoxazole were only cured when therapy was changed to tetracycline in 2 and tetracycline plus streptomycin in 1. All patients recovered without sequelae. We conclude that brucellosis due to Brucella melitensis is endemic among the Bedouin of the Negev. An increased incidence of brucellosis among hospitalized children has been noted in the past 2 years, indicating the need for diagnostic awareness.
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PMID:[Childhood brucellosis in the Negev]. 228 18

We prospectively studied 339 patients diagnosed of brucellosis over a six year period in order to evaluate the clinical and serological characteristics of brucellosis in the elderly. 319 patients (94.1%) were under 65 years of age (group A), and 20 patients (5.9%) were older than 65 (group B). No patient in group B developed splenomegaly as opposed to 69 (21.6%) in group A (p less than 0.05). The percentage of positive blood cultures (Brucella melitensis isolated in all cases) was 72.1% in group A and 60% in group B. The mean titer of IgM antibodies measured by indirect immunofluorescence test was significantly lower in the elderly patients, with no other differences in serologic response between the two groups. 103 patients (32.2%) in group A and seven patients (35%) in group B developed some complications; spondylitis was more common and severe among group B patients. There was no therapeutic failure or relapse among patients over 65. We conclude that clinical, bacteriological and serological characteristics and the outcome of brucellosis in the elderly are similar to those seen in younger patients.
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PMID:Serology, clinical manifestations and treatment of brucellosis in different age groups. 236 66

Of 452 patients with brucellosis, 169 (111 male and 58 female) had osteoarticular complications. Brucella melitensis was isolated from the blood in 7.7% of the cases. Fever, chills, arthralgia, backache, high levels of C-reactive protein, positive rheumatoid factor, and splenomegaly were more frequent in osteoarticular brucellosis than in nonosteoarticular disease. Arthritis occurred in the hip joint in 90 cases (53%), knees in 61 (36%), sacroiliacs in 33 (20%), ankles in 25 (15%), elbows in nine (5.3%), shoulders in eight (5%), wrists in six (3.5%), and sternoclavicular arthritis occurred in three cases (1.8%). Spondylitis occurred in 10 cases (6%), osteomyelitis in four (2.4%), and tendinitis or bursitis in two (1.2%). Treatment with tetracycline or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) alone (four to eight weeks) or in combination with streptomycin (two to four weeks) resulted in a relapse rate of 16.6%. No relapses occurred in seven patients treated with repeated four- to six-weeks courses of rifampin plus tetracycline or TMP-SMZ plus streptomycin.
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PMID:Osteoarticular complications of brucellosis: a study of 169 cases. 349 50

Neurologic complications can occur during the course of brucellosis. In a 25-year-old patient admitted July 3, 1984 because of loss of weight (10 kg) brucellosis (Brucella melitensis) was diagnosed on the basis of splenomegaly, positive agglutination and positive blood and bone marrow cultures. Therapy with cotrimazol was performed for eight weeks. On July 31, 1984 the patient was readmitted because of weakness in both legs. Neurologic examination revealed slight weakness of the hip extensors and a marked weakness of the knee flectors and foot extensors without loss of sensation. The cerebrospinal fluid had a protein concentration of 3.6 g/l and a white blood cell content of 410/3 (39% granulocytes and 57% lymphocytes). Radiologic examinations ruled out spondylodiscitis. Meningoradiculitis was diagnosed in view of the inflammatory changes in the cerebrospinal fluid. After therapy with prednisone, rifampicin and doxicycline the neurologic alterations improved markedly. The clinical features and prevalence of this neurologic complication as reported in the literature are discussed.
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PMID:[Lumbosacral meningoradiculitis as a late manifestation of brucellosis (Brucella melitensis)]. 395 82

A patient with Brucella melitensis presented to a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. She had unusual clinical signs including polyarthropathy and a tender enlarged spleen. Her disease was apparently acquired in the United Kingdom. The clinical features and immunological aspects of brucellosis are discussed.
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PMID:Infection with Brucella melitensis apparently acquired in the United Kingdom. 654 21

Bone marrow phagocytic activity was studied in 40 patients with Brucella melitensis infection and 35 patients with a variety of medical conditions. Evidence of erythrophagocytosis was found in 14 of the 40 patients with B melitensis infection and in 15 of the 35 control cases; this was taken as baseline bone marrow phagocytic activity. Considerably increased erythrophagocytosis or phagocytosis of all blood elements by increased number of histiocytes was found in one and seven patients, respectively, in the brucellosis group. All but one patient with increased phagocytic activity had splenomegaly. These findings may reflect an intense host response in some patients with B melitensis infection.
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PMID:Transient hemophagocytosis in Brucella melitensis infection. 654 8

We previously showed that a purE mutant (delta purE201) of Brucella melitensis 16M is attenuated for growth in cultured human monocytes (E. S. Drazek, H. H. Houng, R. M. Crawford, T. L. Hadfield, D. L. Hoover, and R. L. Warren, Infect. Immun. 63:3297-3301, 1995). To determine if this strain is attenuated in animals, we compared the growth of the delta purE201 mutant with that of strain 16M in BALB/c mice. The number of bacteria in the spleen and spleen weight peaked for both strains between 1 and 2 weeks postinfection (p.i.), though the number of delta purE201 cells was significantly less than the number of 16M cells recovered from the spleens of infected mice. During the next 6 weeks, delta purE201 was essentially eliminated from infected mice (three of five mice sterile; < 100 CFU in two of live mice at 8 weeks p.i.), whereas bacteria persisted at a high level in the spleens of 16M-infected mice (about 106 CFU per spleen). The number of bacteria in the livers and lungs of mice infected with either strain paralleled those in the spleen. Mice infected with 16M had a strong inflammatory response, developing dramatic and prolonged splenomegaly (five to eight times normal spleen weight) and producing serum interleukin-6. In contrast, mice infected with delta purE201 developed only mild, transient splenomegaly at 1 week p.i. and produced no interleukin-6 in their serum. We further characterized the host response to infection by measuring changes in immune spleen cell populations by flow cytometry. CD4- and CD8-positive lymphocytes declined by I week in both experimental groups, while MAC-1-positive cells increased. T-cell subpopulations remained low or declined further, and MAC-1 cells increased to three times normal levels during 8 weeks of infection with 16M but returned to normal by 4 weeks after infection with delta purE201. These results document infectivity and attenuation of delta purE201 and suggest that it should be further evaluated as a potential vaccine.
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PMID:Deletion of purE attenuates Brucella melitensis infection in mice. 867 25

One hundred four Saudi patients with brucellosis who were admitted to Abha General Hospital in the Asir region of southern Saudi Arabia were studied. All the patients had Brucella melitensis infection; 61.5% were females while 38.5% were males. Their mean age was 32 years. Most of the patients (61.5%) lived in the lowland (Tihama) and the majority were shepherds (84.6%). The most common presenting symptoms were fever (100%), sweating (96.2%), headache (76.9%), joint pains (76.9%), and backache (73.1%). Physical findings included fever (96.2%), hepatomegaly (46.2%), splenomegaly (42.3%), tenderness over the spine (30.8%), arthritis (26.9%), and lymphadenopathy (19.2%). Mild anemia, leukopenia, and relative lymphocytosis were common. A history of raw milk ingestion was an important factor in disease transmission (84.6%), followed by close animal contact (73%) and raw liver consumption (63.3%). The study shows the effectiveness of several drug combinations in the treatment of brucellosis and the low relapse rate if the treatment is prolonged for not less than six weeks.
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PMID:A clinical study of brucellosis in adults in the Asir region of southern Saudi Arabia. 915 43


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