Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

IL-1 has been shown to stimulate the release of granulocyte-macrophage CSF, granulocyte-CSF, and macrophage-CSF from "accessory cell populations" in vitro, and it stimulates the appearance of colony-stimulating activity in the sera of mice in vivo. This cytokine has also been proposed to act on primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells to stimulate expression of receptors for the CSF. We sought to determine whether IL-1 beta could influence platelet and/or megakaryocytes and their progenitor cells following in vivo administration to normal mice. Our results demonstrated that, although administration of IL-1 beta clearly expands the pool of megakaryocyte-CFU and acetylcholinesterase-positive megakaryocytic cells (primarily in the spleen), it causes a transient and dose-dependent reduction of circulating platelets. The associated thrombocytopenia can be abolished by splenectomy before IL-1 beta administration, and is not temporally associated with the development of splenomegaly.
 ...
PMID:Alterations in megakaryocyte and platelet compartments following in vivo IL-1 beta administration to normal mice. 278 31

The patient is a 44-year-old female case of RA having a history of 10 years after onset, being admitted due to fever accompanied by granulocytopenia. By laboratory findings, WBC was 1,900/mm3, CRP 5+, RA 2+, RAHA 80 times, LE cells positive, antinuclear antibody strongly positive, granulocyte-specific antinuclear antibodies positive, and granulocyte specific cytotoxicity test strongly positive. Examination of bone marrow smears revealed, the cell numbers tended to decrease in the neutrophil maturity phase. The case was diagnosed as Felty's syndrome because of the obvious splenomegaly and leukopenia. Administration of 30 mg/day of prednisolone was not sufficient in effect, and plasmapheresis was conducted concomitantly. As a result, the granulocyte count increased and the granulocyte cytotoxicity titer was lowered. It is hence suggested that the antigranulocyte antibodies are responsible for the mechanism of granulocytopenia in this case, and the possibility of promotion of destruction in the periphery was inferred, and it is accordingly considered useful to combine administration of small dose of adrenocortical steroid preparation with plasmapheresis for the treatment of this disease.
 ...
PMID:[A case of antigranulocyte antibody positive Felty's syndrome and its efficacy of plasmapheresis]. 278 58

A 25-year-old male with a history of recurrent infections presented with fever, severe aplastic anaemia, splenomegaly and retroperitoneal node enlargement. Lympho-histiocytic granulomas were found in spleen, liver and lymph nodes. Granulocyte studies revealed normal morphology, severely impaired random migration and complete absence of directed locomotion. Whereas phagocytosis was slightly reduced, candidacidal activity and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction were normal. Basal granulocyte cyclic GMP levels were within the normal range while a 5-fold increase of cyclic AMP levels was observed. Numerous abnormalities were also found in the patient's lymphocytes: lack of delayed hypersensitivity, reduced response to mitogens, low OKT4/OKT8 ratio, absence of natural killer (NK) activity with normal number of cells recognized by NK-specific monoclonal antibodies. These observations describe a distinct clinico-pathologic entity and suggest the possibility of a common defect in granulocytes and in NK cells.
 ...
PMID:Defective granulocyte chemotaxis and natural killer activity in a patient with recurrent infections. 302 45

Mouse C127I cells were transformed with a chimeric plasmid consisting of bovine papillomavirus DNA and human granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) cDNA placed under the control of the SV40 early promoter. The transformed cells secreted constitutively a high level of human G-CSF, 10-20 micrograms/ml in a low-serum medium. The secreted G-CSF has been purified to homogeneity by a two-step procedure including gel filtration and hydrophobic column chromatography. The purified recombinant G-CSF runs as a single band with an apparent Mr of 19,000 on a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. This value corresponds to that of the native human G-CSF purified from the medium conditioned by human carcinoma CHU-2 cells. The recombinant human G-CSF was as active as native G-CSF in vitro in supporting proliferation of mouse NFS-60 cells and stimulating colony formation from human as well as mouse bone marrow cells. When the recombinant human G-CSF was subcutaneously administrated into mice, a remarkable stimulation of granulopoiesis and splenomegaly was observed.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of recombinant human granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor produced in mouse cells. 303 99

A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the proliferation of splenic colony-forming units (CFU-s) during tumor growth is important for the prevention of bone marrow aplasia during chemotherapy. The in vivo growth of EMT6 cells, a colony-stimulating factor-secreting mammary tumor, in BALB/c and nude mice resulted in splenomegaly and an increase in the number of splenic granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming cells (GM-CFC). Proliferation of CFU-s, observed in BALB/c mice but not in nude mice, most likely resulted from combined direct and indirect actions of factors secreted by tumor and host cells (in particular helper T cells). These factors were detectable in the serum immediately following tumor cell injection. Thus, the GM-CFC response to factors secreted by the EMT6 tumors is thymus-independent while the CFU-s response is dependent upon the presence of T cells. Finally, we show that EMT6 tumor growth had no effect on the determination of CFU-s differentiation toward the various myeloid cell lineages.
 ...
PMID:Thymic dependency of the humoral regulation of CFU-s proliferation in mice bearing a CSF-producing tumor. 304 67

To determine the relative importance of clinical factors on the efficacy of platelet transfusions, 941 pooled platelet transfusions from HLA-unmatched donors were studied prospectively in 133 patients with bone marrow failure. Multiple linear regression analyses identified the major factors influencing one-hour-corrected increments (CI) as prior splenectomy, bone marrow transplantation, disseminated intravascular coagulation, concurrent intravenous amphotericin B, splenomegaly, and HLA antibody grade. The relative impact of these factors on CI has been quantitated by using a formula developed from these data. A linear relationship was demonstrated between increasing percentage of HLA antibody grade and decreasing CI. A number of other factors were less important in the linear regression model than the aforementioned major factors. These included platelet-specific antibodies, concurrent antibacterial antibiotics, clinical bleeding grade, and temperature. Factors that did not influence CI included the number of prior platelet transfusions, prior granulocyte transfusions, prior red cell transfusions, infection, age, blood group, diagnosis, sex, pretransfusion platelet count, prior pregnancies, and concurrent antineoplastic drugs. This study identified major clinical factors that significantly influenced CI and were major causes of refractoriness to pooled platelet transfusions.
 ...
PMID:Clinical factors influencing the efficacy of pooled platelet transfusions. 333 3

Sixty-one patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) were followed from 1974 through 1987 at the Medizinische Poliklinik. Fifty-one patients (84%) presented with thromboembolic complications, and eight patients (13%) with hemorrhages. In seven patients (12%), a thrombocytosis was detected accidentally. Disturbances of the microcirculation (67%), mainly of the fingers and toes (53%), were the most frequent thromboembolic symptoms. The mean age of all patients was 58 years (male patients, 61 years; female patients, 56 years). The average platelet count at diagnosis was 897,000/microliter. The average maximal platelet count was 1.231 X 10(6)/microliter (range, 500,000/microliter to 4 X 10(6)/microliter). Seventy-two percent had a moderate leukocytosis (average, 12,400/microliter), 34% a splenomegaly, 29% a hepatomegaly. Signs of hypermetabolism were infrequent, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and uric acid elevations, if present, were moderate. Bleeding time and viscosity were normal in most patients. Spontaneous platelet aggregation was increased in 81% of patients (n = 40). Platelet aggregation studies with the aggregation inducing substances adenosine diphosphonate (ADP), platelet activating factor (PAF), thrombin, collagen, and adrenalin showed hypoaggregation in most patients. Adrenalin-induced aggregation distinguished best between ET-patients and reactive thrombocytosis showing hypoaggregation in all ET-patients tested (n = 16) and in none of 22 controls. Bone marrow studies were performed in 57 patients. The histologic studies (done in 49 patients) were consistent with a chronic myeloproliferative disorder in all cases. In 41 cases (84%) the picture of a megakaryocytic myelosis was found, in 12 of these a granulocyte-rich form of megakaryocytic myelosis. Cytologic studies only (eight patients) did not differentiate ET well from reactive thrombocytosis. Platelet aggregation studies and bone marrow histology may be of help in the diagnosis of difficult cases of thrombocytosis. The Philadelphia status was negative in all cases studied (14 patients). Fourteen patients died. The causes of death were thromboembolic complications in probably 11 and acute leukemia in two patients. The probability of 10-year survival is 64% after a mean follow-up time of approximately 5 years. It appears that considering the average age of ET patients at diagnosis, life expectancy is close to normal.
 ...
PMID:Essential thrombocythemia. Clinical characteristics and course of 61 cases. 336 70

Five patients with Ph1 +ve chronic granulocytic leukaemia and massive splenomegaly were given induction therapy with splenic irradiation, and their peripheral blood leucocyte count and granulocyte macrophage progenitor (CFU-GM) concentration monitored during the following six hours. In each patient there was a greater fall in CFU-GM than would have been expected from the fall in leucocyte count, but no evidence of a plasma inhibitor was found to explain the disproportionate reduction in CFU-GM. The difference between the estimated and observed decrease in CFU-GM/1 following splenic irradiation indicates a highly dynamic traffic of CFU-GM from the spleen to other organs in chronic granulocytic leukaemia.
 ...
PMID:Evidence following splenic radiotherapy for a highly dynamic traffic of CFU-GM between the spleen and other organs in chronic granulocytic leukaemia. 346 81

Eight patients with hairy-cell leukaemia (HCL) complicated by pancytopenia were treated with low dose regimens of the adenosine deaminase (ADA) inhibitor 2'-deoxycoformycin (DCF). All patients had significant haematological and clinical improvement. One patient who had been splenectomized and five patients with mild to moderate splenomegaly achieved normal blood counts within 2 months, which have been maintained for up to 18 months. Complete remissions occurred in two patients and four patients had 50-95% marrow clearance of hairy cells. The initial DCF treatments produced a 1-3 g/dl fall in the haemoglobin levels and one patient had a temporary reduction in granulocyte and platelet counts. Five patients had nausea/vomiting, and/or lethargy following DCF, but there was no correlation between the plasma levels of deoxyadenosine and adenosine and the incidence or severity of these side effects. An increased incidence of infection and drug hypersensitivity may reflect the effects of DCF on the immune system. Low dose DCF is a highly effective agent in HCL.
 ...
PMID:The treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia with 2'-deoxycoformycin. 348 71

This study examines the role of plasma lactoferrin in the assessment of neutropenia. In particular, we have studied lactoferrin as an inhibitor of granulopoiesis and as an indicator of the size of the total blood granulocyte pool (TBGP). Plasma lactoferrin concentration was determined in a heterogeneous group of 30 patients with neutropenia. Serial plasma lactoferrin levels in a patient with cyclic neutropenia correlated with the cycles of the neutrophil count. Patients with splenomegaly had a grossly elevated lactoferrin:neutrophil ratio. Most chronic idiopathic neutropenia patients had no real clinical problems and a normal plasma lactoferrin level. The results provide further evidence to support the concept that plasma lactoferrin indicates the size of the TBGP and the lactoferrin: neutrophil ratio indicates the degree of granulocyte margination. There was no evidence to suggest that lactoferrin acting as a feedback inhibitor of granulopoiesis caused neutropenia in these patients.
 ...
PMID:Plasma lactoferrin in patients with neutropenia. 363 17


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>