Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of two new concentrated perfluorochemical emulsions based on F-66E and PFOB, which carry significantly more oxygen than Fluosol-DA 20%, were tested on normal tissues (toxicity and radiation response) and on the development of metastases from Lewis Lung Carcinoma (3LL) in female C57 BL/6 mice. Twenty one days after injection of F-66E or PFOB emulsions (15 ml/kg body weight), the spleen and liver weights were significantly increased but had returned to normal after 2-3 months. Splenomegaly already observed in 3LL bearing mice was significantly increased by F-66E emulsion injection. The radiosensitivity of GM-CFC was not altered when unanesthetized GM-CFC was not altered when unanesthetized mice were pretreated with F-66E emulsions and/or carbogen 1 hr prior to and during irradiation. The rate of tumor take and the period before detection of tumors were not modified when an emulsion of F-66E was injected simultaneously or 10 days after 3LL cells. Mean survival of mice, and the number of metastases on lung surfaces were similar in F-66E injected mice and control mice.
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PMID:New high O2 carrying perfluorochemical emulsions: toxicity, radiosensitivity of GM-CFC and development of metastases in mice. 271 62

A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the proliferation of splenic colony-forming units (CFU-s) during tumor growth is important for the prevention of bone marrow aplasia during chemotherapy. The in vivo growth of EMT6 cells, a colony-stimulating factor-secreting mammary tumor, in BALB/c and nude mice resulted in splenomegaly and an increase in the number of splenic granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming cells (GM-CFC). Proliferation of CFU-s, observed in BALB/c mice but not in nude mice, most likely resulted from combined direct and indirect actions of factors secreted by tumor and host cells (in particular helper T cells). These factors were detectable in the serum immediately following tumor cell injection. Thus, the GM-CFC response to factors secreted by the EMT6 tumors is thymus-independent while the CFU-s response is dependent upon the presence of T cells. Finally, we show that EMT6 tumor growth had no effect on the determination of CFU-s differentiation toward the various myeloid cell lineages.
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PMID:Thymic dependency of the humoral regulation of CFU-s proliferation in mice bearing a CSF-producing tumor. 304 67

The effects of an autologous transplanted mammary tumor (RIII-T3) on hemopoiesis in RIII mice are described. Tumor-bearing animals died 30 to 40 days after inoculation and displayed splenomegaly, extreme neutrophilia, and moderately increased monocyte levels in the spleen, peripheral blood, and bone marrow. The precursors of neutrophils and monocytes, granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming cells (GM-CFC) were elevated in the spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood. RIII-T3-conditioned medium stimulated bone marrow GM-CFC and caused the myelomonocytic cell line, WEHI-3B, to differentiate in vitro. The conditioned medium did not stimulate erythroid, megakaryocyte, or eosinophil colony formation. When conditioned medium was fractionated, two peaks of activity corresponding to GM-CSF and G-CSF were observed, suggesting that the extreme neutrophilia observed in tumor-bearing animals may result from chronic exposure of the hemopoietic system to these hemopoietic hormones.
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PMID:Effects of a murine mammary tumor on in vivo and in vitro hemopoiesis. 387 4

Four patients presenting with myelofibrosis (2 primary myelofibrosis and 2 postpolycythemic myeloid metaplasia) were treated with alkylating agents. For three patients (one treated with busulfan and two treated with chlorambucil) the treatment was a success: the general condition improved, the splenomegaly decreased or disappeared, and the blood picture returned to normal. Moreover, for two cases, a trend towards polycythemia was observed under treatment. For the fourth patient, treated with chlorambucil, there was no improvement: a life-threatening, pancytopenic phase developed at the end of the treatment, but it disappeared after 2 months. For the three successfully treated cases, a redistribution of hematopoiesis from spleen to bone marrow was shown by ferrokinetics, 59Fe scans, and bone marrow biopsies. In addition, in the case treated with busulfan, a decrease in the bone marrow granulopoietic pool at the expense of the erythropoietic one was observed. No redistribution was seen in the patient for whom the treatment was a failure. In this case, the spleen remained the major site of active hematopoiesis. Studies on blood granulomonocytic-colony forming cells (GM-CFC's) helped to discriminate the successfully treated patients from the unsuccessfully treated one. In the successfully treated patients, the GM-CFC concentrations dropped to normal values and increased again within weeks following the treatment interruption; this increase involved mainly high density GM-CFC's (greater than 1.060). In the unsuccessfully treated patient, GM-CFC concentrations decreased only after 5 weeks of intensive treatment. The mean density of the GM-CFC's was 1.064 before treatment, shifted towards 1.060 during the neutropenic phase and returned to 1.064 during the recovery.
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PMID:Effect of alkylating agents on hematopoiesis in myelofibrosis. 4 case report. 652 42

The state of granulocytopoiesis was assessed in 15 patients with metastatic carcinoma without infection, overt protein-calorie malnutrition, splenomegaly, or prior chemotherapy. Seven patients had decreased total marrow neutrophil mass, accompanied by proportional reduction in marrow proliferative and nonproliferative neutrophil pool, without increased numbers or proliferative capacity of marrow CFC or myeloid mitotic index. Four patients had decreased MGR assessed with hydrocortisone, but only one had reduced marrow nonproliferative neutrophil pool. Neither MGR nor blood neutrophil count correlates significantly with nonproliferative neutrophil pool or the number of band and segmented neutrophils in the bone marrow. The blood neutrophil count, however, correlates significantly with total marrow neutrophil mass (r = 0.69, p less than 0.01) and proliferative neutrophil pool (r = 0.68, p less than 0.01). These findings suggest that reduced marrow neutrophil mass is common in patients with metastatic carcinoma in the absence of overt protein-calorie malnutrition and that the reduced marrow neutrophil mass is most likely due to depressed granulocytopoiesis.
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PMID:Marrow neutrophil mass in patients with nonhematological tumor. 683 27

The effects of low-dose gamma radiation to haemopoietic progenitor cell compartments of the marrow and spleen of virgin female mice and pregnant mice were studied. Microplasma clot cultures were used to asses burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E) and colony-forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E) activity, and double-layer agar cultures were established to evaluate granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cell (GM-CFC) and macrophage colony-forming cell (M-CFC). The apparent shift in maternal erythropoiesis from the bone marrow to the enlarged spleen was reflected by an increase in the numbers of CFU-E and BFU-E per spleen and a concomitant decrease in CFU-E and BFU-E per femur. Whereas maternal GM-CFC values per femur increased 36%, maternal GM-CFC per spleen increased by 172% compared to virgin values. There was a greater decrease in M-CFC per spleen than per femur in the pregnant animal when values were compared to the virgin animal. Total-body irradiation to the day-10.5 pregnant mouse caused a further suppression of day-14.5 medullary erythropoiesis (i.e. decreased CFU-E values) compared to the response of the virgin female mouse. An ability of the maternal spleen to support further compensatory erythropoiesis following increasing doses of radiation was demonstrated. 4 d after 1.0 Gy exposure, maternal values for GM-CFC per femur or spleen decreased to nonirradiated virgin mice values. M-CFC per maternal femur decreased following 1.5 Gy, but M-CFC per spleen appeared to be unaffected with doses from 0.5 to 2.0 Gy.
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PMID:Effect of low-dose irradiation on pregnant mouse haemopoiesis. 724 84