Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) with signs of respiratory distress and diarrhea was captured in the Manchac Wildlife Management Area, Louisiana (USA) and died the following day. At necropsy, the carcass was emaciated and there were splenomegaly, and fibrinous pericarditis, airsacculitis, and perihepatitis. Microscopically, there were fibrinous pericarditis and airsacculitis, myocardial necrosis, necrotizing hepatitis, splenic necrosis with reticuloendothelial cell hyperplasia, interstitial pneumonia and focal pancreatic necrosis. Intracytoplasmic chlamydial inclusion bodies were noticed in macrophages in the fibrinous exudate covering air sac and pericardium, and in spleen, liver, heart, lung, and pancreas. Schizonts compatible with a Sarcocystis sp.-like protozoon were present in the walls of air capillaries in the lung. A Chlamydia sp.-like organism was isolated in embryonating chicken eggs and cell culture and identified as C. psittaci with immunofluorescent staining.
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PMID:Chlamydiosis in a red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis). 160 82

The authors evaluated the holistic efficacy of nine specific nutrient synergy (NS) against avian influenza virus (AIV) strain Lebanon 1 (H9N2). The study included two segments; the first was designed to determine the minimum dose among four doses (1X, 2X, 3X and 4X in which X = 24.4 mg/ml/bird) of NS, administered intraoesophageally, once per day between 7 and 14 days of age, resulting in an improvement of chicken performance without any toxic side-effects; the second aimed at reducing pathological effects and inducing immunomodulation by the determined safe dose of NS in chickens exposed to AIV. The first segment showed that the daily oral administration of the NS to birds between 7 to 14 days of age at the 2X dose-level (320 mg/kg body weight or 48.8 mg/ml/bird) resulted in a consistent and significant improvement in the feed conversion (P<0.05) at 10 and 14 days of age, associated with a significant (P<0.05) increase in the liver weight index. In addition, the administration of NS at 2X level resulted in complete absence of toxicity signs (swollen infraorbital sinuses, ocular exudate, nasal discharge, thick oral saliva, diarrhoea, lameness and huddling) and complete absence of toxicity lesions (airsacculitis, hydropericardium signs, pericarditis, perihepatitis, splenomegaly and tracheitis). The four groups of birds that received levels 1X to 4X levels had significantly higher frequency of birds with gaseous caeca compared to the control group deprived of NS (P<0.05), a sign of higher fermentation activity in this organ. Data from the second segment of this research showed that the daily administration of NS at a level of 48.8 mg/ml/bird, between 7 to 14 days of age, to H9N2-challenged birds reduced specific pathological effects at 14 days of age namely: absence of rales at 3 days post H9N2 challenge and gross lesions (absence of tracheitis and enteritis at 7 days post challenge). Such reductions in signs and gross lesions were associated with a 63.4% reduction in immune responses to the hemagglutinin protein of the AIV, an indication that NS has a reducing effect on the viral infectivity in chickens.
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PMID:Holistic efficacy of specific nutrient synergy against avian flu virus: pathology and immunomodulation. 2041

Anatipestifer disease is a contagious disease caused by Riemerella anatipestifer, affecting primarily ducks, geese and turkeys, and characterised by listlessness, diarrhoea, sneezing, nasal discharge, and nervous signs. Sporadically, it occurs in a wide range of other domesticated and wild birds as well. The incidence and characteristics of the disease seen in the three main host species are summarised based on birds submitted for routine laboratory investigation in Hungary over the period 2010-2014. The infection was diagnosed in a higher percentage in geese (9.9%) and ducks (7.5%). It occurred in 5-day-old to 17-week-old geese and 3- to 6.5-week-old ducks, respectively. The pathological lesions were comparable in these two species: enlarged spleen, serofibrinous pericarditis, perihepatitis, airsacculitis, catarrhal enteritis, subcutaneous oedema and hyperaemia over the cranium, mucopurulent exudate in the nasal cavity and occasionally pneumonia, conjunctivitis, purulent arthritis and caseous salpingitis. In some cases, R. anatipestifer produced only secondary lesions, which complicated other diseases such as circovirus infection, mycotoxicosis, mycoplasmosis, or Derzsy's disease. In turkeys, the disease occurred rarely (0.5%) and at an older age (12 to 19 weeks). The lesions most frequently seen were purulent osteomyelitis of the cranium and seropurulent meningitis. Purulent osteomyelitis in the cranium caused by R. anatipestifer infection had not been reported in turkeys previously. To various extents, other local lesions such as serofibrinous pericarditis, airsacculitis, arthritis, and in one case septicaemia were also observed. The high incidence of the disease in waterfowl underlines the importance of appropriate treatment and prevention that should be based on accurate diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, proper biosecurity and vaccination with regard to the serotype(s) present on the farm.
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PMID:Data on the epidemiology and pathology of anatipestifer disease in Hungary (2010-2014). 3026 12