Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Congenitally hairless HRS/J homozygous (hr/hr) mice as well as phenotypically normal littermates (hr/+) were found to exhibit unusual susceptibility to infection with Listeria monocytogenes with 50% of the animals dying within a 10-day period (LD50) at an infecting inoculum approaching 200 microorganisms. In marked contrast to the outbred CD-1 strain as well as other Listeria-susceptible mice, HRS/J hosts are virtually incapable of limiting infection with virulent Listeria. The dynamics of infection reveal early uncontrolled bacterial growth within the peritoneal cavity, followed by a sharp increase of bacterial load in the spleen of both HRS/J homozygotes and heterozygous littermates. Spleen indices obtained for mutant mice indicate substantial splenomegaly which parallels the onset of infection in that organ. Assessment of the exudate population within the peritoneal cavity during infection indicates that HRS/J mice produce an early sustained influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes while exhibiting a diminished macrophage inflammatory response. Additionally, it was shown that the mutant strain expresses significant increases in the total number of recoverable peritoneal leukocytes in response to other phlogistic stimuli.
 ...
PMID:Susceptibility of HRS/J mice to listeriosis: dynamics of infection. 334 51

Spleen function was evaluated by measurement of the clearance of autologous heat-damaged 99mTc-labelled erythrocytes from the circulation and into the spleen and the enumeration of pitted erythrocytes by interference contrast microscopy, and the spleen area was determined by scintillation scanning. All measurements were performed on 12 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and compared with 10 controls with apparently normal spleens, 6 splenectomized subjects and 9 patients with a reactive splenomegaly. Patients with CML had spleen function test results similar to normal controls in spite of having enlarged spleens whose projection area did not differ from that of the patients with reactive splenomegaly. Thus, patients with CML have a decreased spleen function per unit volume and signs of splenic hypofunction in the peripheral blood. The reduction of spleen function per unit volume in CML is the result of a severe decrease of the splenic blood perfusion which could result from the combined effects of the myeloid metaplasia and the increased whole-blood viscosity due to high white-cell counts.
 ...
PMID:Splenic function in chronic myelogenous leukemia. 348 Feb 38

Lipoprotein from the outer membrane of Escherichia coli and a synthetic analogue of its N-terminal lipopeptide part, tripalmitoyl-pentapeptide, constitute potent mitogens and polyclonal activators of murine B-lymphocytes in vitro. When entering the circulation after intravenous administration in experimental animals, they interact with the humoral and cellular elements of the blood, which results in splenomegaly and B-lymphocyte activation in vivo. We investigated lipopeptide-binding proteins in normal mouse serum and on splenocytes. By affinity chromatography using an affinity adsorbent prepared by coupling the lipoprotein analogue to CPG-aminopropyl derivatized glass beads, we could enrich one major binding protein for tripalmitoyl-pentapeptide from mouse serum, which was identified as albumin. Binding proteins on lymphocytes were determined as follows: Spleen cells of C3H/HeJ mice were activated by the B cell mitogen lipoprotein, biosynthetically labelled with [3H]leucine, and solubilized by the nonionic detergent Nonidet P40. From the cell lysate, binding proteins were isolated by affinity chromatography: As analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, proteins with molecular masses of 24, 27, 33, 45, 53, 61 and 71 kDa were eluted from the tripalmitoyl-pentapeptide adsorbent. The eluted material was further enriched for glycoproteins by Lens culinaris lectin affinity chromatography, and immunoprecipitation studies were performed with the glycoprotein fractions using alloantisera specific for class I and class II gene products of the H-2k haplotype. We could show that both class I and class II MHC glycoproteins could be enriched on the tripalmitoyl-pentapeptide column. This finding might suggest that, among other proteins, MHC-encoded proteins are involved in lymphocyte activation by a mitogenic lipopeptide.
 ...
PMID:Binding of a synthetic analogue of mitogenic bacterial lipoprotein to murine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene products. 349 14

A total of 26 children aged 2 to 14 with the initial (6), formed (14) and terminal (6) stages of liver cirrhosis were examined by a method of radionuclide scintigraphy with 99mTc-colloid. 34 children aged 7 to 14 examined in the catamnesis of virus hepatitis, were controls. A set of indices characterizing function of the reticuloendothelial system (RES), the effective hepatic blood flow, metric parameters of the liver and spleen were obtained from an analysis of the curves of the heart, liver and spleen area, and digital imaging of the liver with the marked costal arch. It was shown that at the initial stage of disease indices of the time course of the radioactive colloid were of compensated nature. Spleen function was elevated, liver and spleen sizes were increased. The formed stage was characterized by the signs of subcompensation of liver function: changes of indices of RP retention in the blood, a decrease in the indices of the total and hepatic radioactive colloid. The terminal stage was characterized by marked disorder of liver RES function which was not compensated for by a high splenic uptake, image deformation and focal RP distribution. Irrespective of a stage of disease the syndrome of portal hypertension was shown to manifest itself in splenomegaly and an increase in the radioactive colloid uptake by the liver over 15%. The accuracy of the set of signs was 90%.
 ...
PMID:[Hepatic scintigraphy using 99mTc-colloid in liver cirrhosis in children]. 349 80

Intravenous injection of mice with Brucella abortus vaccine strain 19, results in a chronic infection, immunity to which is dependent on T cell activation of the macrophages. A major feature of the infection is splenomegaly characterized by massive numbers of macrophages. We report here investigations of the haemopoietic precursors of macrophages, the colony forming cells (CFC), and the growth factors, colony stimulating factors (CSF), controlling their production. Comparison was made amongst three mouse strains, CBA, BALB/c and C57B1/10, as well as the F1 (CBA x BALB/c), which differ in the degree of splenomegaly developed and their ability to rid themselves of infection. The proportion of colony forming cells in the spleen peaked 2 to 3 weeks after infection and was higher in those strains which developed stronger splenomegaly. On the other hand there was no relation between colony forming cells and ability to control infection. Serum CSF also peaked 2-3 weeks post infection, with similar titres in all mouse strains studied. Bone marrow exhibited an early loss of total cellularity after infection followed by recovery. There was a sharp peak in the proportion of colony forming cells in the bone marrow 2 weeks post infection. Spleen and bone marrow CFC and serum CSF all returned to normal levels before infection was resolved.
 ...
PMID:Serum colony stimulating activity and colony forming cells in murine brucellosis: relationship to immunopathology. 350 65

Measurements were made on sulfur colloid scintigrams of normal pediatric livers and spleens by analyzing 131 scans from 116 patients referred for liver or spleen trauma. Studies were used only if scans were normal, there was no history of malignancy or hepatic or splenic disease either prior to of after the study. Linear correlation was made with age, weight and both age and weight. All measured parameters correlated better with weight than with age, with vertical liver dimension exhibiting the best correlation (r = 0.848). Multivariate analysis demonstrated uniformly better correlation of all measurements with both age and weight. Spleen and liver volumes were calculated assuming simple geometry, and showed excellent correlations. Graphical presentation of data will be useful in the clinical determination of hepatomegaly or splenomegaly in routine scintigraphy.
 ...
PMID:Normal hepatic and splenic size in children: scintigraphic determination. 360 58

Quantitative information on spleen perfusion may be obtained as a byproduct of liver studies using 99Tcm colloids, by means of model analysis of dynamic data collected with a large field-of-view computerized gamma camera for about 4 min after intravenous administration of the tracer. Spleen extraction efficiency, vascular transit time, and parameters related to spleen blood flow, splenic clearance and volume of distribution of the tracer were computed, the latter three being expressed in arbitrary units. Results in 14 normal subjects and 78 patients with liver cirrhosis show good agreement with known physiopathological data. Results in five splenectomised patients and one patient undergoing ligation of the splenic artery provided further confirmation of the physiopathological meaning of the estimated parameters. Accuracy was found to be poor for spleens of small (normal) size, but was acceptable for enlarged spleens. Reproducibility of the results appears to be within 20%. It is concluded that this method, when associated with the study of liver function using a single 3-4 mCi dose of radiocolloids, may provide valuable additional information for routine assessment of splanchnic haemodynamics in patients with portal hypertension and splenomegaly.
 ...
PMID:Quantitative evaluation of spleen haemodynamics from radiocolloidal dynamic scintigraphy. 376 12

Spleen cells from BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were tested for their reactivity against reciprocal hybrid tissues ((BALB/c x C57BL/6) F(1) and (C57BL/6 x BALB/c) F(1)) in three assay systems: the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR); the Simonsen spleen-weight graft-vs.-host (GVH) assay; and a GVH mortality assay. It was shown that both F(1)'s serve as equally effective stimulators of parental cells in the MLR. In the spleen-weight assay, BALB/c and C57BL/6 cells were equally active in a given host, but greater splenomegaly was observed in (BALB/c x C57BL/6) F(1) hosts regardless of the donor strain. By contrast, BALB/c cells were much less lethal than C57BL/6 cells in (BALB/c x C57BL/6) F(1) hosts than in (C57BL/6 x BALB/c) F(1) hosts, and to a lesser degree C57BL/6 cells were less lethal than BALB/c cells in (C57BL/6 x BALB/c) F(1) hosts. The possibility that modifying substances may differentially alter reactivity of parental lymphocytes and that considerations other than genotype determine the outcome of a GVH reaction are discussed in detail.
 ...
PMID:Graft-vs.-host reactions in reciprocal hybrid mice. I. Dissociation of T-cell activities in the mixed lymphocyte reaction and two graft-vs.-host assays. 414 43

Impaired immunological competence of spleen cells from neonatally thymectomized C57B1/6 young adult mice was apparent when these cells were tested in an in vitro graft-versus-host assay. Spleen cell inocula prepared from thymectomized mice did not induce enlargement of (C3H/eb x C57BI/6)F(1) newborn spleen explants, whereas the same number of cells from intact donors consistently initiated splenomegaly. Spleen enlargement was observed, however, when the explants were challenged by cells from thymectomized donors in the presence of syngeneic thymus extract, indicating that the spleen cells in suspension attained immunological competence under the influence of a non-cellular component of the thymus. Immunocompetence was also evident when the cells from thymectomized donors were first incubated with thymus extract for 1 hr and subsequently tested for reactivity. Cells from the same thymectomized donor mice exposed in parallel to extracts from syngeneic spleen or mesenteric lymph node at an equivalent protein concentration did not initiate a graft-versus-host response. These experiments demonstrate that immune reactivity in the graft-versus-host response involves activation of lymphoid cells by a humoral factor of the thymus acting directly upon these cells.
 ...
PMID:Immunocompetence of spleen cells from neonatally thymectomized mice conferred in vitro by a syngeneic thymus extract. 439 Apr 89

The spleens of rats bearing methylcholanthrene induced sarcomas are enlarged. This applies both to primary and to isotransplanted tumours. The spleen enlarges with increasing tumour size.Splenomegaly is induced by skin homograft rejection, but spleen sizes do not reach those seen during tumour growth, even when the animals are chronically exposed to homologous skin. Sensitization of animals with small tumour homografts gives spleen sizes even greater than those of primary tumour growth.Spleen histology in tumour bearing animals is comparable with that of homograft rejection.The relation of splenomegaly to the presence of tumour specific antigen is discussed. The suggestion is advanced that the spleen size during tumour growth is determined by the product of reaction to foreign antigen, and of reticuloendothelial (phagocytic) activity.
 ...
PMID:Spleen weight in rats during tumour growth and in homograft rejection. 494 47


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>