Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In mice hypoxic hypoxia (0.5 atm.) results in a severe and persistent thrombocytopenia with a rapid decline in the platelet count between the fifth and ninth days of hypoxia, after which platelet counts level off at about half their normal value. The thrombocytopenia is not due to the associated polycythemia, splenomegaly, or increased blood volume. There is no significant change in platelet counts of mice made polycythemic by daily injections of 6 units of erythropoietin. Fifteen days of hyperbaria (3 atm.) has no effect on the platelet count of otherwise normal mice. Since there is only a slight decline in platelet count during the first 5 days of hypoxia, the persistent thrombocytopenia appears to be due to either a decreased rate of production of platelets or a structural or metabolic defect in platelets produced under conditions of hypoxia.
 ...
PMID:Hypoxia-induced thrombocytopenia in mice. 115 Nov 49

The clinical records and histologic material from 29 cases of malignant histiocytosis (MH) have been reviewed, as well as autopsy findings in 14 cases. The mean age was 31 years, with a 2.2:1 male to female preponderance. Major physical findings included temperature elevation, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and preterminal jaundice. Common laboratory findings were anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The median survival was 6 months, the mean 14 months, and the range from 1 month to 8 years. The histologic features observed in lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and bone marrow have been emphasized, as well as features useful in differential diagnosis. In contrast to our experience with the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, bone marrow aspiration was superior to biopsy in assessing marrow involvement. Unusual manifestations included soft tissue infiltration in 5 cases; 2 of these patients presented with a soft tissue mass. The distinctive clinical as well as histologic findings warrant recognition and separation of MH from other hematopoietic disorders.
 ...
PMID:Malignant histiocytosis (histiocytic medullary reticulosis). I. Clinicopatholigic study of 29 cases. 116 45

In this 16 year old boy a syndrome, characterized by high fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, diffuse skin rash, facial and periorbital edema, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) levels and transient electrocardiographic changes, appeared 2 weeks after the institution of diphenylhydantoin therapy. Lymph node biopsy, performed at the height of the illness, revealed widespread subendothelial fibrin exudation and fibrin-platelet thrombi in the lymph node microvasculature, a finding most consistent with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Although many types of abnormal lymph node histology have been described with diphenylhydantoin, this appears to be the first instance of this histologic picture. This syndrome may be related to a serum sickness-like illness which triggered an episode of localized coagulopathy.
 ...
PMID:Diphenylhydantoin-induced serum sickness with fibrin-platelet thrombi in lymph node microvasculature. 116 93

Peculiar clinical symptoms observed in polyvinyl chloride production workers of a nearby chemical plant arose the suspicion of liver and spleen disease in these workers before first reports on vinyl chloride-induced angiosarcoma of the liver became known. Starting at the end of 1972, 44 workers were followed up by biochemical investigations, peritoneoscopy and liver biopsy. As early as 1973 it could be ascertained, that advanced vinyl chloride-induced liver damage presents as hepatic fibrosis with splenomegaly, portal hypertension, and thrombocytopenia without conspicuous deterioration of hepatic parenchyma function. Similar symptoms have been observed after chronic intoxication by arsenic and thorium dioxide (thorotrast). The clinical and peritoneoscopic aspects of the disease are described.
 ...
PMID:[Liver disease in polyvinyl chloride production workers - Clinical and peritoneoscopic aspects (author's transl)]. 121 65

The onset of postpolycythemic myeoloid metaplasia or spent polycythemia has been recognized for many years. As the result of many different series, the development of postpolycythemic myeolid metaplasia might be expected in from 15%-20% of patients with postpolycythemia vera. It appears that an etiologic role for sodium phosphate 32P may exist in this evolutionary pattern. About 70% of patients with PPMM will have symptoms with the onset of the syndrome. The major mechanisms producing symptoms result from (1) anemia, (2) pressure from massive splenomegaly, and (3) bleeding problems. Iron deficiency is a frequent cause of anemia in patients with PPMM. The major mechanism of anemia in these patients, however, relates to ineffective erythropoiesis and shortened red cell survival. Androgen trials for ineffective erythropoiesis seem worthwhile, although data on this point is too limited to draw any firm conclusions. A steroid trial for those patients with major hemolytic episodes is indicated. In those patients in whom adrenal steroid therapy fails to control major hemolysis, a consideration for splenectomy exists. Pressure-related manifestations secondary to massive splenomegaly have been treated with radiation therapy and oral alkylators. Although there is data to document amelioration of painful symptoms with associated shrinking of the spleen, long-term control of this problem has not been forthcoming. Again, patients who are medical failures in control of pressure-related manifestations may be considered for splenectomy. Bleeding problems may arise with PPMM secondary to thrombocytopenia, thrombocythemia, or qualitative platelet dysfunction. Adrenal steroids have met with some success in improving platelet counts in patients with life-threatening thrombocytopenia. Those patients who are medical failures with adrenal steroids in terms of thrombocytopenia might be candidates for splenectomy. Control of thrombocythemia has been observed with oral alkylator therapy and chlorambucil may have a special role in managing this complication. Qualitative platelet defects leading to severe bleeding are best managed with fresh platelet transfusions. Patients with PPMM in contrast to patients with agnogenic myeoloid metaplasia have a more lethal syndrome and shortened survivorship. Causes of death in patients with PPMM include cardiac problems, transition to acute leukemia, hemorrhage, and infection.
 ...
PMID:The evolution into and the treatment of late stage polycythemia vera. 125 Dec 24

The study is based on a material of 60 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia of mild course with survival over 4 years. The method used was a comparison of the patients treated from the time of diagnosis establishment with the group of similar patients not treated throughout the whole period of follow-up and with another group of patients treated from the time of exacerbation of the proliferative process. The following data were taken into account: survival length, degree of splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy, leucocyte and platelet counts, haemoglobin level, infectious complications. It was demonstrated that cytostatic and/or hormonal treatment started at the time of diagnosis establishment did not prolong the survival. A statistically significant prolongation of survival time was observed, on the other hand, in cases treated from the time of exacerbation. Cytostatic agents increased the risk of infections and the risk of thrombocytopenia.
 ...
PMID:[To treat or not to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemias with a mild course?]. 125 72

A case of reticuloendotheliosis in a 7-year-old Gordon Setter is reported. Progressive weakness, debility, and diarrhea with melena were the presenting complaints. Clinical evaluation revealed splenomegaly, severe nonregenerative anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia with many large blast cells in the peripheral blood. Necropsy revealed extensive involvement of bone marrow, spleen, liver, lymph nodes, kidneys, and adrenals. Gastric and duodenal ulcers were also present. The course, clinical findings and cellular characteristics of the case presented, closely resemble those reported in the syndrome of reticuloendotheliosis in cats.
 ...
PMID:Reticuloendotheliosis in a dog. 126 Dec 71

Four patients presented with a clinical picture of spiking fever, erythematous nodular subcutaneous skin lesions, anaemia and leucopenia. Inconstant features were weight loss (3/4), splenomegaly (3/4), thrombocytopenia (3/4), raised liver enzymes (3/4), hepatomegaly (2/4) and serosal effusions (2/4). The histopathological findings of lobular histiocytic panniculitis with 'bean-bag' cells were characteristic of cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis (CHP). No infectious agent could be detected, and there was no histological evidence of malignant neoplasia. Unlike most previously described patients with CHP, three of our four patients responded to treatment with immunosuppressive or cytostatic drugs.
 ...
PMID:Cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis: a report of four cases. 128 61

Splenic trauma with hematoma following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is very rare. We reported a case of subcapsular hematoma of spleen with impending rupture following ESWL for ureteral calculus. This case was noted to have liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly, and received a total of 2000 shock waves under 18 kilovoltage. The subcapsular hematoma occurred 2 months later. Splenectomy was undertaken for a symptomatic huge subcapsular hematoma and thrombocytopenia. We reviewed the literature and concluded that portal hypertension with severe coagulopathy are contraindications for ESWL, even in case with ureteral calculus.
 ...
PMID:Subcapsular hematoma of spleen--a complication following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for ureteral calculus. 129 57

Four infants with Lues connata, three with the early stage of the disease (patients 1-3), are reported. Diagnosis was made after exclusion of other diseases. Initially an infectious disease was expected, since anemia, leucocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly and a bad condition were found. In two patients bone structure was abnormal. Elevated serum concentrations of liver enzymes (ALAT, ASAT) were the indication for liver biopsy in one patient, in whom an accompanying hepatitis was diagnosed. Treatment was performed with penicillin, no JARISCH-HERXHEIMER reaction was observed. The Lues tests were negative during pregnancy but a displacental transfer of pathogenic agents could be assumed. Patient 4 was diagnosed at 9 months of age. Infection of the mother probably occurred in the last 6 weeks of pregnancy. It can not be decided if the baby has a connatal or acquired Lues. The titer decrease of the CMT-test after the end of the penicillin therapy is a marker for a successful treatment. If treatment was started at 2 years of age a total clinical recovery can be expected. The case reports demonstrate that negative Lues test during pregnancy do not exclude Lues connata in newborns. The Lues diagnosis should be considered if an infectious disease in a newborn can not be diagnosed. A general Lues serodiagnostic test is recommended in all newborns before they leave the obstetrics department.
 ...
PMID:[Congenital syphilis]. 130 79


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>