Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Splenic metastases were studied by ultrasound in 31 patients. Sixteen (52%) patients had multifocal lesions, 12 (39%) had single metastases and 3 (10%) had diffuse splenic infiltration. Splenomegaly was seen in 6 patients with focal metastases and in all 3 with diffuse infiltration. The focal metastases were hypoechoic in 13 (46%) patients, of mixed type in 8 (29%), hyperechoic in 4 (14%) and of target type in 3 (11%) patients. There was no correlation between the radiologic features of the metastases and the type of the primary tumour. Ultrasound examination disclosed the presence of metastases in other abdominal organs in 25 (81%) of the patients. Twenty-eight (90%) patients died during follow-up; the median survival time being 4 months (range 2 weeks to 26 months).
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PMID:Ultrasonography of splenic metastases. 269 65

The effects of two new concentrated perfluorochemical emulsions based on F-66E and PFOB, which carry significantly more oxygen than Fluosol-DA 20%, were tested on normal tissues (toxicity and radiation response) and on the development of metastases from Lewis Lung Carcinoma (3LL) in female C57 BL/6 mice. Twenty one days after injection of F-66E or PFOB emulsions (15 ml/kg body weight), the spleen and liver weights were significantly increased but had returned to normal after 2-3 months. Splenomegaly already observed in 3LL bearing mice was significantly increased by F-66E emulsion injection. The radiosensitivity of GM-CFC was not altered when unanesthetized GM-CFC was not altered when unanesthetized mice were pretreated with F-66E emulsions and/or carbogen 1 hr prior to and during irradiation. The rate of tumor take and the period before detection of tumors were not modified when an emulsion of F-66E was injected simultaneously or 10 days after 3LL cells. Mean survival of mice, and the number of metastases on lung surfaces were similar in F-66E injected mice and control mice.
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PMID:New high O2 carrying perfluorochemical emulsions: toxicity, radiosensitivity of GM-CFC and development of metastases in mice. 271 62

Splenomegaly confirmed by surgery or necropsy in 100 dogs was diagnosed histologically as benign neoplasia (n = 1), primary splenic malignancy (n = 59), neoplastic metastases (n = 6), and nonneoplastic disease (n = 34). Dogs with known systemic disease, such as lymphoma and mast cell tumor, that caused splenomegaly were not included in the study. Hemangiosarcoma was the most common splenic disease (43 cases). Overall mean age of the dogs was 10.7 years, the most common breed was German Shepherd dog, and 72 of the dogs weighed more than 21 kg. Dogs with anemia, nucleated red blood cells, abnormal red blood cell morphology, or splenic rupture had a significantly greater chance of having splenic neoplasia (P less than 0.002). A multivariable logistic regression analysis found that the presence of anemia and splenic rupture in dogs with splenomegaly was up to 69% accurate in predicting presence of splenic neoplasia. After splenectomy, the median survival time of dogs with splenic neoplasia was 13 weeks. For dogs with nonneoplastic splenomegaly it was at least 36 weeks.
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PMID:Splenomegaly in dogs. Predictors of neoplasia and survival after splenectomy. 277 49

This phase 1-2 trial investigated the use of a 100% wt/vol emulsion of perfluorooctylbromide (PFOB) in computed tomography (CT) of 30 patients with metastatic cancer. Injection of 3 g/kg (maximum dose administered to these patients) provided an average liver enhancement of +31 HU on CT scans obtained after 48 hours. Maximum splenic opacification occurred immediately after injection; 1 g/kg, which allowed an immediate enhancement of +35 HU, appeared sufficient for the diagnosis of splenic conditions. Vascular opacification was insufficient for diagnostic purposes. In four patients with metastases, more lesions were seen with the use of PFOB with CT than with conventional CT. Adverse effects included five cases of low back pain that were reversible when the infusion rate was reduced. Fever and trembling were also noted 6 hours after injection in five patients. In all patients, symptoms regressed spontaneously within several hours. Clinically inapparent and dose-independent splenomegaly (volume increase of at least 20% on CT examinations) was noted in eight patients.
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PMID:Liver, spleen, and vessels: preliminary clinical results of CT with perfluorooctylbromide. 290 93

The role of dietary manipulation of tumor growth, metastasis and immunologic parameters was studied in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma. Fourteen days following subcutaneous tumor implant, groups with tumor and their non-tumor bearing counterparts were assigned to one of the following feeding protocols: total parenteral nutrition (TPN), per oral (PO) intake of the parenteral diet, an oral casein diet (CAS), or electrolyte infusion plus the casein diet (ELECT). Intakes of energy and nitrogen were similar among all groups. Mice were killed 12 days later and peritoneal macrophages were tested for phagocytic activity. Tumor growth and metastasis were decreased from both infusion regimens with minimal loss of body weight as compared with casein fed mice. PO mice also showed lower tumor weight but metastasis was as great as in the casein group. Non-tumor-bearing infused mice showed depressed thymic weight, but thymic weight was not further reduced in tumor-bearing infused mice. PO feeding afforded no such protection in the presence of the carcinoma. Splenomegaly was observed in tumor-bearing mice on all regimens, but mice maintained on the parenteral diet demonstrated the largest proportion of macrophages containing nuclear debris. Analysis of free macrophages indicated no effect of diet regimen on non-immune phagocytic activity in both tumor-free and tumor-bearing mice. Possible alteration of splenic macrophage intracellular digestive capacity or phagocytic activity was suggested as a result of TPN.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:Total parenteral nutrition in mice bearing a metastatic carcinoma: tumor growth, metastasis and immunologic parameters. 309 86

Medical records of 370 patients with sarcoidosis were reviewed. Of these, 32 had a computerized tomographic (CT) and/or ultrasound (US) examination of the abdomen. Two patients had extensive abdominal adenopathy: one was diagnosed by CT and the other by US. Both patients had conventional chest radiographic findings characteristic of sarcoidosis. In addition, five patients had hepatosplenomegaly; three had only hepatomegaly; three had only splenomegaly. There exists a small and previously unsuspected incidence of patients with extensive abdominal adenopathy in sarcoidosis. Although lymphoma and metastatic disease are far more common causes of extensive abdominal lymphadenopathy, sarcoidosis should be considered in the appropriate clinical setting. In many cases, correlation with conventional chest radiographs may be confirmatory.
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PMID:Abdominal lymphadenopathy in sarcoidosis. 329 92

Natural killer (NK) cells may be important in the control of circulating tumor emboli. Because of this, the suppression of natural killer cell cytotoxicity (NKCC) observed with progressive tumor burden is a concern relative to the treatment of solid tumors. Our study examines the interplay between tumor progression, elaboration of metastases, and NKCC. Mice inoculated with Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) cells developed visible primary tumors by day 6 of tumor bearing. This tumor burden appeared to be associated with a progressive decrease in NKCC beginning after day 6 of tumor bearing. Significant splenomegaly was observed beginning by day 12. Rapidly reproducing tumor cells take up 125I-labeled 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (125I-IUDR) in lieu of thymidine more readily than normal cells. Intraperitoneal injection of the labeled IUDR allowed the identification of possible pulmonary metastatic activity earlier in the tumor progression sequence than has previously been possible using standard staining procedures. A significantly increased level of lung 125I-IUDR uptake was observed in the lung beginning after day 6 of tumor bearing; this increase in 125I-IUDR uptake began at the same time as the tumor burden impairment of NKCC. Successful implantation of tumor emboli may occur very early in experimental tumor burden systems, when measurable antitumor immune effector mechanisms are not yet massively suppressed. Antitumor immunotherapy programs may therefore need to be targeted to these earlier points of tumor bearing.
Invasion Metastasis 1988
PMID:Tumor burden impairment of murine natural killer cell cytotoxicity. 336 May 92

When a methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma, BMT-11, and its eight clones were transplanted subcutaneously into syngeneic C57BL/6 mice, leukemoid reaction characterized by a progressive increase in peripheral white blood cells (WBC) and splenomegaly was observed as the tumors grew. The WBC count reached about 40-fold of normal level and more than 90% of them were found to be polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). The increase in WBC was correlated with tumor size and its count decreased to normal level within 7 days after surgical excision of subcutaneous tumors. Moreover, a high level of colony-stimulating-factor was detected in the supernatant of BMT-11 culture. I have exploited such "granulocytosis-positive" mice to examine the influence of PMN on the metastatic colonization of tumor cells. The number of B16 melanoma lung colonies detected after intravenous (i.v.) injection was significantly higher in BMT-11 tumor-bearing mice with granulocytosis than in control mice. Retention of 125IUdR-labeled B16 cells 24 hr after the i.v. injection was 3 to 10 times greater in mice with granulocytosis than in controls. Either simultaneous injection, or preinjection of PMN with B16 cells, increased the lung-colonizing capacity of B16 melanoma cells. These results suggest that abnormally increased numbers of PMN in the peripheral blood can enhance the ability of tumor cells to metastasize.
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PMID:[A study on the augmentation of experimental tumor metastasis in mice with granulocytosis]. 349 81

Metastasis to the spleen from various neoplasms is very rare. Most of the splenic metastases are found at autopsy, and are part of a widespread disease. Four patients had cervical cancer (1 patient), endometrial cancer (1 patient), lung carcinoma (1 patient), and malignant melanoma (1 patient). All patients had splenic involvement without pathologic evidence of lymph node metastasis, and all underwent splenectomy. Three of the four presented with painful splenomegaly. The time from diagnosis to the development of splenic metastasis varied from 20 to 24 months. Two of the four patients had postoperative radiotherapy, one patient received intraperitoneal chemotherapy, and the patient with the melanoma received adjuvant chemotherapy. The rarity of solitary spleen metastasis from solid tumors and the treatment modalities are discussed.
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PMID:Splenomegaly and solitary spleen metastasis in solid tumors. 358 Oct 23

A single iv dose of 15 ml/kg fluosol DA (20%), a perfluorochemical oxygen carrier, caused hepatomegaly and splenomegaly which persisted for at least 3 weeks after drug injection. The peak increase in weight was at 3 days in the spleen (1.7x) and at 14 days in the liver (1.5x). Lung and kidney weights were not altered 1-21 days after administration of fluosol DA. The slopes of the single-dose radiation survival curves for intestinal epithelial cells and spermatogenic stem cells in mice breathing air or oxygen were not significantly altered by the administration of fluosol DA 10 min before irradiation, and the doses to achieve an isoeffect were altered by 1.03 or less. When mice were challenged with iv injected FSa tumor cells 24 h after treatment with fluosol DA, no increase in the number of artificial pulmonary metastases was observed.
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PMID:Acute effects of a perfluorochemical oxygen carrier on normal tissues of the mouse. 408 Sep 82


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