Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical information was available for 32 of 33 New World primates with fatal toxoplasmosis, all of which were subjected to a variable number of pathological observations. Death without apparent clinical signs occurred in 43.7% of cases. The most common clinical findings were malaise (40.6%), dyspnoea (18.7%), hypothermia (15.6%) and a sero-sanguinous or foamy nasal discharge (12.5%). Nutritional status was good in 71.8%, average in 18.7% and poor in 9.4%. The most common post-mortem findings were pulmonary congestion (78.8%), pulmonary oedema (75.8%), splenomegaly (57.6%) and mesenteric lymphadenitis (54.6%). The most common histopathological findings were multifocal necrotic hepatitis (97%), lymphadenitis (95.4%), interstitial pneumonia (90.3%) and necrotic splenitis (71.4%). The gross post-mortem changes in cebids were more variable than those observed in callitrichids, a fact that may complicate the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in cebids.
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PMID:Pathology of toxoplasmosis in captive new world primates. 1292 26

In a context of viral gastroenteritis, we report an unusual case of sudden death in an 8-year-old child. The only macroscopic abnormality observed in the autopsy was a diffuse mesenteric adenitis. Organ samples were taken for histopathological examination and a diffuse lymphocytic infiltration was observed. A sinusoidal histiocytic hyperplasia was found in the lymph nodes. Microscopic examination of the lungs and the lymph nodes revealed haemophagocytic lesions (lymphocytes within the cytoplasm of histiocytic macrophages). Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that the histiocytes were CD68+ PS100- CD1A-. Following this microscopic examination macrophage activation or haemophagocytic syndrome was diagnosed. The syndrome is a distinct clinical entity characterised by fever, pancytopaenia, splenomegaly, and haemophagocytosis in the bone marrow, liver and lymph nodes. It is a clinical entity that is very difficult to diagnose due to the lack of specific clinical signs. It is generally a complication of an infectious process, an aggravation of an auto-immune disease or a complication of a neoplastic process. The physiopathology involves a disregulation of T lymphocytes and particularly T helper lymphocytes. To make this diagnosis the anatomopathological examination must be performed by an experienced practitioner. The presence of a lymphocyte infiltrate of macrophagic histiocytes in myeloid organs and especially positive CD68+ immune markers are the anatomopathological proofs of diagnosis. The autopsy examination must be carefully performed and include systematic sample harvesting for anatomopathological examination. The results of all these examinations taken together allow the diagnosis of haemophagocytic syndrome to be finally made.
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PMID:Macrophage activation syndrome: an autopsy case of sudden death. 1702 20

An outbreak of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) occurred in a closed colony of Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) and resulted in the death of seven bats over a 6-week period. An initial survey of the remaining bats revealed visceral abscessation characteristic of pseudotuberculosis in five of the 12 bats examined (41.7%), inciting depopulation of the colony. At necropsy, 70% of the 115 bats in the colony exhibited gross evidence suggestive of Yptb infection, including mesenteric lymphadenopathy (ML), hepatic abscessation (HA), and/or splenomegaly (SPM). Thirty of these bats (13 females and 17 males of various ages) were chosen at random and their tissues submitted for bacterial culture and histopathologic examination. Twenty-three of these 30 bats had one or more gross lesions considered consistent with Yptb, including ML, HA, and SPM. On histopathology, four of the 30 bats had necrotizing lesions containing Gram-negative bacteria in multiple organs, while 18 others exhibited mild mesenteric lymphadenitis and hepatitis. Four of the 30 bats had positive cultures for Yptb. Bats with gross evidence of mesenteric lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, or histopathologic presence of demodicosis or bacteria in tissues were more likely (P < 0.05) to have a positive Yersinia culture. Examination of the correlation between population density and mortality rates of the colony revealed that the mortality rate of subadult bats increased dramatically at the time of the outbreak, when the population density was at its highest. It is suspected that stress, primarily from severe overcrowding, predisposed the bat colony to morbidity and mortality from this organism, which likely originated from a rodent reservoir.
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PMID:Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in a closed colony of Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus). 1936 35

Sarcoidosis is a chronic disease characterised by the development and accumulation of granulomas in multiple organs. We report two observations of disseminated Mycobacterium genavense infection in patients with proven sarcoidosis. High fever and abdominal pain appeared at 8 and 18&emsp14;months following the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. Abdominal computed tomography scans of the patients showed diffuse mesenteric lymphadenitis and splenomegaly. The diagnosis was obtained on bone marrow specimens for both patients with numerous acid-fast bacteria at direct examination and positive specific mycobacterial identification by nucleic acid amplification test. Despite prompt antimycobacterial therapy, occurrence of complications (peritonitis post-splenectomy surgery and lung carcinoma) resulted in a fatal outcome for both patients. These cases highlight that opportunistic infections like M. genavense or other nontuberculous mycobacterial infections should be considered for long-standing immunocompromised patients with sarcoidosis.
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PMID:Disseminated nontuberculous infections with Mycobacterium genavense during sarcoidosis. 2095 55