Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Barrio San Antonio is a coastal settlement on the San Juanico straits in the municipality of Basey on the island of Samar, the Philippines. It has a population of approximately 1,900 in 320 households. Initially, 851 residents (45%) of 240 households participated in this survey to determine the prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma japonicum infection, and morbidity as indicated by associated hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. As a result of an initial single stool examination of 1 ml by a modified formalin concentration technique, 40% of this population was found to be infected. On subsequent examinations, with the addition of serologic techniques and recording the history of therapy, approximately 70% of this population was found to be infected with S. japonicum after the age of 10 years. If judged by the number of eggs produced per milliliter of feces, infection intensity in this population might be considered to be low. However, 25% (73 of 391 positives on single examination) exhibited schistosomal hepatomegaly or hepato-splenomegaly and had a mean egg count of 10.9. Those infected but without hepatomegaly had a slightly lower mean egg count of 8.4. Of the infected males with hepatomegaly, 75% were 19 years of age or less and 45% of these were producing less than 10 eggs/ml of stool. Of infected females with hepatomegaly, only 28% were 19 years of age or less, and 68% of these were producing less than 10 eggs/ml. Abdominal pain, distress, diarrhea, and dysentery were significantly more frequent in the infected than uninfected persons, and this frequency was related to egg output. The heights and weights of these infected individuals were less than those of the uninfected members of this population and significantly less than the Filipino norm. The small percentage of the infected population (6.6%) that were producing 51% of the eggs had a mean egg count of approximately 260 with a mean age of 33.7. In this group, 7 of the 22 individuals were in the age group 10--14 years and 15 were above 20 years of age. Although some individuals of Barrio San Antonio have sought therapy, this population and area have been largely unstudied and have not up to the present been involved in control or mass chemotherapy programs. The findings of this survey give an opportunity to determine the impact of such programs when they are instituted in this area.
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PMID:Schistosomiasis japonica in Barrio San Antonio, Basey, Samar , The Philippines. I. Epidemiology and morbidity. 31 24

From this comparison of 37 black children with hepatic schistosomiasis (HS) and 53 with intestinal Schistosoma mansoni (IS) living in an endemic area, we propose easily identifiable clinical features of mild HS. These patients were generally well nourished school-age children who seldom complained of dysentery but who had a firm hepatomegaly with predominant enlargement of the left lobe and a firm splenomegaly. They were also mildly anaemic (9.4 +/- 2.2 g/dl) and had low serum albumin (30 +/- 7 g/l), raised aspartate transaminase (36 +/- 31 u/l) and high globulins (53 +/- 15 g/l). The implications of the absence of severe hepatosplenic schistosomiasis in many of these children are discussed.
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PMID:Clinical recognition of mild hepatic schistosomiasis in an endemic area. 671 May 66

In Eseka and Edea bilharziasis caused by S. intercalatum is transmitted by B. forskali, the only intermediate host of human schistosomes found in the area. The prevalence of the disease is obtained by calculating the percentage of inhabitants voiding eggs in their stools in the districts of the towns located in the neighbourhood of Bulinus-containing streams and ponds. The prevalence is low, 5,6% in Eseka and 4,9% in Edea. The size and the number of waterbodies where transmission occurs is small. Rectoscopy showed that rectal and sigmoid lesions are frequently seen. Clinical manifestations are abdominal pain, diarrhoea, dysentery, tenesmus, appearance of blood in the stools. Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly occur sometimes. A single dose of 2-cyclohexylcarbonyl-1,2,3,6,7,11b-hexahydro-4H-pyrazino[2,1-a] isoquinolin-4-one (praziquantel, EMBAY 8440, Biltricide) is effective in the treatment of the disease.
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PMID:[Epidemiological study of foci of S. intercalatum schistosomiasis in Eseka and Edea (Cameroon). Effects of treatment with praziquantel]. 719 50

210 fishermen and 210 farmers from two Egyptian villages (Gharbia Governorate) were selected. Their main clinical manifestations were terminal haematuria in 17.1% and 10%, dysuria in 16.7% and 6.7%, renal colic in 13.3% and 2.4%, dysentery in 10.5% and 3.8%, bloody stool in 8.1% and 2.9%, pallor in 28.8% and 15.2%, hepatomegaly in 10.5% and 4.3% and splenomegaly in 8.6% and 3.8% in fishermen and farmers respectively with significant values among fishermen when compared with farmers. Abdominal ultrasonography of fishermen showed higher morbidity rates than farmers as regards hepatosplenomegaly, grades of periportal fibrosis, portal vein diameter, stones in Kidneys and urinary bladder as well as calcification of urinary bladder. S. mansoni prevalence was 72.4% in fishermen and 4.57% in farmers with highly significant value in fishermen when compared with farmers (P < 0.01). Geometric egg count (gm/stool) was 430 +/- 259 and 236 +/- 161 in fishermen and farmers respectively with highly significant difference (P < 0.001). All urine samples were negative for S. haematobium. The socioeconomic status of all individuals showed no significant difference between the two groups. It was concluded that fishermen had a higher S. mansoni prevalence, infection intensity and morbidity than farmers. This may be due to more water contact activities. A snail population survey of the river and main canals was recommended.
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PMID:Prevalence and morbidity of schistosomiasis among rural fishermen at two Egyptian villages (Gharbia Governorate). 858 60

Thomas Hodgkin (1798-1866), born into a family of Quakers, would remain faithful all his life to the principles and rules of the 'Society of Friends'. He studied pharmacy and medicine in London, Edinburgh and Paris. As curator for the museum of pathological anatomy of Guy's Hospital (1825-1837) he introduced modern, organ-based, medicine in England, together with the clinicians Richard Bright and Thomas Addison. In 1832 Hodgkin reported autopsy findings of seven patients who had shown swollen lymph glands and an enlarged spleen, without evidence of tuberculosis, purulent inflammation or cancer. Later the diagnosis 'Hodgkin's disease' would be restricted to lymphomas with giant, multinucleated Reed-Sternberg cells on microscopic examination. Especially in his later years, Hodgkin devoted much time and effort to the emancipation of oppressed or destitute minorities, especially abroad. He died of dysentery on a journey to Palestine and lies buried in Jaffa.
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PMID:[Thomas Hodgkin and his disease]. 2249 9

Bilharziasis is a parasitic disease that affects the urinary tract and intestines. Finding bilharzia in joints is exceptional. We report two cases of Malagasy patients living in a highly endemic bilharziasis area and having chronic arthritis due to bilharziasis. The first case was a 32-year-old man presenting with a clinical picture of spondylitis with chronic oligoarthritis and paroxysmal asymmetric in his lower limbs, accompanied with sacroiliac pain and episodic dysentery. We retained the diagnosis of bilharziasis arthritis because of positive schistosomiasis serology in the joint fluid and the blood, poor response to therapy with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and high efficacy of treatment with specific antiparasitic drugs. The second case was a 42-year-old woman with pain in her knees, hips, and low back for 1 year. She was presented inflammatory pain which were persisting despite the use of non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs. She had a history of splenectomy resulting to a splenomegaly by liver-spleen schistosomiasis. Results of paraclinical examinations were similar with the first case as well as the high efficacy of anti-parasitic treatment. Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni are the endemic strains found in Madagascar. The lifestyle of the Malagasy population exposes them to recurrent infestations, even massive. If the affinity for joint of schistosoma is known, the diagnosis of bilharzial arthropathy is exceptional. The diagnosis is based on a set of clinical and biological arguments as well as evolution. Serological testing for bilharzia in joint fluid could be an efficient way of diagnosis. So, in a country where bilharzia is endemic, clinical presentation of spondylitis or nondestructive chronic polyarthritis should lead to bilharzia arthropathy.
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PMID:Bilharzial arthropathy: Rare cause of chronic arthritis in tropical areas. 2898 15