Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The spontaneous development of a cytomegalovirus infection in a healthy adult is described. This illness manifested with fever, headache, malaise, an absolute lymphocytosis with atypical lymphocytes, and liver function abnormalities, but without tonsillitis, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, or splenomegaly. Aseptic meningitis also was present. The pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus mononucelosis and its relationship to other related syndromes are discussed.
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PMID:Spontaneous cytomegalovirus mononucleosis-like syndrome and aseptic meningitis. 18 29

Liver function abnormalities have been noted in intensively treated hemophiliacs, and have led to less aggressive application of pooled plasma products by some physicians. In a prospective study, liver function was abnormal in 68 of 98 hemophiliacs. The abnormalities of hepatic function tended to persist over a 1-yr study period. There was no correlation between these abnormalities and the age of the patient, the presence of hepatitis-associated antigen or antibody, the presence or absence of splenomegaly (which was found in 26 of 98 patients), the number of infusions of plasma products, the type of hemophilia, or the type of product infused. Titers of antibodies to cytomegalovirus were generally higher in hemophilic patients than in a control group of healthy volunteers. These abnormalities did not suggest that a less aggressive infusion regimen was indicated for the hemophiliac, but did suggest the need for careful long-term observation of such patients.
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PMID:Health of the intensively treated hemophiliac, with special reference to abnormal liver chemistries and splenomegaly. 19 36

An animal model of a sublethal infection, utilizing murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), was developed to determine whether immunological factors could contribute to the establishment of a persistent viral infection. Adult female C3H mice inoculated intraperitoneally with 10(5) plaque-forming units of MCMV developed splenomegaly 5 to 12 days after infection. Virus replicated to peak titers (10(3) to 10(6) plaque-forming units per g of tissue) in liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and salivary gland tissue during the acute phase of the infection (3 to 12 days); it then decreased to undetectable levels in all tissues except salivary gland. Serum interferon was detected as early as 12 h after infection, peaked at 36 h (1,093 U/ml), and was undetectable by 4 days after infection. MCMV-infected animals were hyporeactive to interferon induction with New castle disease virus on days 5 to 9 of the infection. Splenic lymphocyte reactivity to phytohemagglutinin and lipopolysaccharide was normal early during the course of the infection, was suppressed during the acute phase of the infection, and had returned to normal by day 18. These data indicate that several parameters of host defense are transiently suppressed during the course of a MCMV infection. The capacity of cytomegaloviruses to alter host resistance may be one factor that contributes to the establishment of a persistent infection.
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PMID:Alteration of host defense mechanisms by murine cytomegalovirus infection. 20 66

In many cases so called neonatal hepatitis of unknown origin nowadays is recognized as a manifestation of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. Out of 12 patients with Pi-type ZZ, 5 were diagnosed because of cholestatic jaundice, 2 because of hepato-splenomegaly in the first trimenon, and 3 by family examination. We believe that the affection may be due to a perinataly acquired cytomegalic inclusion disease in one case, in another to a congenital rubella infection. The latter child died at the age of one year because of an esophageal hemorrhage. Over a mean observation time of 3 years the other patients are doing well and show no signs of portal hypertension. The very different course of the hepatopathy is demonstrated. Common bacteria or toxins which do not usually lead to an illness may be realisation factors just as "classical" causes of hepatitis. Up to now it is not known how these factors influence the course of alpha-antitrypsin deficiency.
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PMID:[alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. Clinical and morphological aspects during childhood (author's transl)]. 21 96

A preliminary report is presented on a current prospective virological and clinical study of congenital and acquired infant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. During a 1-year period, 7/2200 newborn Swedish infants investigated (0.3%) had a congenital CMV infection as shown by positive virus isolation. Two of them had typical symptoms, hepatosplenomegaly and petechiae in one case and splenomegaly in the other one. All of them had a normal birth weight and normal head circumference. No sequelae have been observed during an observation period of up to 9 months. Five out of 10 control infants followed-up acquired a CMV infection within a few months. 5/7 mothers of the congenitally infected infants and 3/14 mothers of the control infants were primiparas.
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PMID:A prospective study on congenital and acquired cytomegalovirus infections in infants. 22 34

A 24 year old male with a history of eczema, recurrent mild infections, and thrombocytopenia consistent with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) presented with a mediastinal mass, generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and severe thrombocytopenia. Studies of immune function including immunoglobulin levels and T-cell subsets were normal. Furthermore, his T lymphocytes proliferated normally in response to phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and the combination of neuraminidase/galactose oxidase. However, their proliferative responses to anti-CD43 antibody and periodate were diminished, consistent with the clinical diagnosis of WAS. An initial inguinal lymph node biopsy surprisingly revealed Kaposi sarcoma. However, following splenectomy to increase the platelet count, biopsy of the mediastinal mass revealed T-cell large cell lymphoma. Studies of biopsied tissue for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus were negative, as were studies of blood, including the polymerase chain reaction, for the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This is the first report of Kaposi sarcoma arising in a patient with a congenital immunodeficiency syndrome. Although Kaposi sarcoma can arise in the face of the severe immunosuppression that follows allograft transplantation and in patients infected with HIV, we postulate that longevity in the face of mild immunosuppression was the major factor in the development of Kaposi sarcoma in this patient.
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PMID:Coincident Kaposi sarcoma and T-cell lymphoma in a patient with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. 131 18

In January 1990, a registry was initiated for surveillance of infants with the often severe symptoms of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. In the first 2 years, 100 cases were reported to the registry. Petechiae, the most commonly noted clinical sign, were reported for approximately 50% of infants, usually accompanied by hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Of the various severe neurologic conditions that can result from congenital CMV infection, the most frequent was intracranial calcifications, which were noted in 43% of the cases. The most common laboratory abnormality was low platelet count, which was observed in 52% of the cases. Infants with severe neurologic damage were about twice as likely as infants with less severe damage to have most other clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities. Databases will be developed to facilitate comparisons among symptomatically infected infants and asymptomatically infected as well as noninfected infants.
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PMID:Surveillance of congenital cytomegalovirus disease, 1990-1991. Collaborating Registry Group. 131 5

Fifty-five patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV)-associated neonatal hepatitis (NH) were followed for 12 to 90 months. Six patients (10.9%) died from either a fulminant course or a chronic liver disease. Among the remaining 49 patients, whose liver function was completely recovered, there were eight with retardation of developmental or growth status, and two with hearing impairment. Overall, 20.4% of the survivors suffered from a long-term impact. The unfavorable outcome was related to several clinical and pathological parameters. These included persistence of clay-colored stool, presence of splenomegaly, ascites or anemia, high peak total and direct bilirubin, low nadir albumin levels, diffuse giant cell transformation and cirrhosis of the liver. The seropositivity of CMV infection did not significantly correlate with the outcome.
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PMID:Cytomegalovirus-associated neonatal hepatitis. 133 53

Murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS) was induced in C57BL/6 mice following infection with the LP-BM5 retrovirus complex. Infected mice developed splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and loss of B- and T-cell functions 100 days after virus inoculation. Mice with AIDS were highly susceptible to opportunistic murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) infections. The therapeutic activities of two phosphonylmethoxyalkyl derivatives, 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) and (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxy-propyl)cytosine (HPMPC), were evaluated in MAIDS immunosuppressed mice infected with MCMV or HSV-1. MCMV infection resulted in extensive viral replication in lung, liver and spleen and death occurred five to twelve days post-infection. Treatment with either HPMPC or ganciclovir (DHPG) reduced mortality and viral replication in target organs; however, HPMPC was as effective as DHPG at one-fifth the DHPG dose. Moreover, when a single dose (100 mg/kg) of HPMPC was administered 24 h prior to MCMV infection, it suppressed virus replication at seven and 14 days post-infection, thus resulting in a significant prolongation of life. PMEA was effective against opportunistic HSV-1 infections, but appeared to be less effective than HPMPC against MCMV infections. These results indicate that MAIDS can be used as a model for evaluating antivirals in an immunocompromised host, and suggest that both PMEA and HPMPC may be useful in the treatment of opportunistic CMV and HSV-1 infections.
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PMID:Phosphonylmethoxyalkyl purine and pyrimidine derivatives for treatment of opportunistic cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infections in murine AIDS. 166 26

A 37 year old male developed fever for 20 days, along with headache, anorexia, malaise, sweating, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. At this stage, Ag p24 was positive and anti HIV was negative. The patient recovered fully but 6 months later positive HIV titers were demonstrated by immunofluorescence and Western-blot. A retrospective diagnosis of acute retroviral syndrome was made. The difficult differential diagnosis with infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus, measles, rubella, toxoplasmosis and influenza is discussed. Thus, anti HIV antigenemia should be investigated in any patient with a mononucleosis like syndrome belonging in a high risk group for AIDS, even if Paul-Bunnell-Davidson or IgG anti VCA-EB reactions are positive.
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PMID:[Acute retroviral syndrome]. 182 45


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