Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with carcinoma of the breast, who developed a clinical syndrome resembling agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, is described. She was found to have secondary myelofibrosis with metastatic carcinoma of the marrow, extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis resulting in massive splenomegaly, and leukoerythroblastosis. These findings are rare and myeloid metaplasia with striking extramedullary hematopoiesis causing massive splenomegaly and mimicking agnogenic myeloid metaplasia is seldom seen in patients with metastatic carcinoma. Previous case reports of secondary extramedullary hematopoiesis simulating agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM) in patients with solid tumors are also reviewed.
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PMID:Secondary myelofibrosis with metastatic breast cancer simulating agnogenic myeloid metaplasia: report of a case and review of the literature. 398 70

Case histories are presented of 2 patients in whom the occurrence of several signs indicated the presence of an immunocytoma. A 56 year-old man presented with marked splenomegaly and a lymphocytosis in peripheral blood picture. Lymphatic infiltrates were demonstrated in the bone marrow and liver. During the course of the disease the initial monoclonal gammopathy and the lymphocytosis disappeared. An extensive carcinoma of the stomach became clinically manifest one year later. In the second patient, a 74 year-old man, lymph node swelling, monoclonal gammopathy and bone-marrow cytology indicated lymphatic disease. There was no indication of carcinoma in spite of extensive investigations. The patients died three years later of a hypernephroma. Both patients demonstrated no sign of lymphatic disease at autopsy and, hence, a lymphatic reaction must be diagnosed retrospectively.
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PMID:[Lymphatic reaction presenting as immunocytoma within the framework of carcinomas]. 398 45

Three tumor cell subpopulation lines derived from a single, spontaneously occurring BALB/cfC3H mammary tumor were evaluated for their ability to cause a leukemoid effect in mice. One of the BALB/cfC3H tumor cell lines (410.4) produced leukocytosis with neutrophilia, hypercalcemia, and thymic atrophy. A second line (66) produced none of these effects. The third line (168) was intermediate in its ability to affect neutrophil counts and splenomegaly but did not produce thymic atrophy or hypercalcemia. These studies demonstrated that the hemopoietic effect of tumor cells derived from a single tumor was variable and that a tumor cell line which caused neutrophilia also induced hypercalcemia and thymic atrophy, the same association that was reported previously in the case of murine CE mammary carcinoma. These observations will be useful in the further investigation of pathophysiology of tumor-induced leukemoid reactions, hypercalcemia, and other paraneoplastic syndromes.
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PMID:Induction of granulocytic hyperplasia, thymic atrophy, and hypercalcemia by a selected subpopulation of a murine mammary adenocarcinoma. 405 54

Massive hematemesis followed by 48 hours the onset of obstructive jaundice in a previously asymptomatic 38-year-old male patient. Splenomegaly was the only abnormal physical finding. Esophagoscopy visualized bleeding varices. The liver scan was normal. Dilated intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts and a possible retroperitoneal mass were demonstrated by ultrasonography. Laparotomy disclosed the presence of a carcinoma of the head and body of the pancreas that obstructed the common bile duct and the portal vein. This case report should draw attention to the vast spectrum of rare presentations of pancreas carcinoma.
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PMID:Portal hypertension as an early manifestation of carcinoma of the pancreas. 407 11

Clinical and morphologic characteristics of hairy cell leukemia at 11 patients have been analyzed. The frequency of this disorder is 2.5% from all leukemias. This disorder is often retrospectively diagnosed--at 7 cases from our study. the disorder is often retrospectively diagnosed--older age (78%). Splenomegaly is the main clinical manifestation, at all 11 patients. Pancytopenia is frequent finding but at 4 patients the leucocyte count was over 10 X 10(9)/1 in the beginning. Hairy cells, although not always with typical appearance, in 90% of the cases are found in peripheral blood over 10%. Bone marrow biopsy cytological and hystological findings at 9 patients were typical for diagnosis. Fibrosis was present in 6 specimens. At 7 patients diagnosis was confirmed with histological examinations of lymphocyte concentrates from peripheral blood on thin and ultrathin sections, as well as with electron microscopy characteristic appearance of hairy cells. Pneumonia as complication was registered in 24 occasions, gastro-intestinal infections at 9, haemorrhagic syndrome at 4 and skin carcinoma at 2 cases. Treatment was variable--2 patients were observed for more than 50 months, 2 were splenectomised, of which one with complete remission longer than a year, while from 8 treated with COP protocol, complete remission was obtained in 5 (62%) patients, and two treated with CHOP protocol entered complete remission for longer than 12 months. Average survival is 51 months (2--144). Three (28%) patients died.
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PMID:[Hairy cell leukemia. Personal experience with 11 cases]. 668 Mar 1

The state of granulocytopoiesis was assessed in 15 patients with metastatic carcinoma without infection, overt protein-calorie malnutrition, splenomegaly, or prior chemotherapy. Seven patients had decreased total marrow neutrophil mass, accompanied by proportional reduction in marrow proliferative and nonproliferative neutrophil pool, without increased numbers or proliferative capacity of marrow CFC or myeloid mitotic index. Four patients had decreased MGR assessed with hydrocortisone, but only one had reduced marrow nonproliferative neutrophil pool. Neither MGR nor blood neutrophil count correlates significantly with nonproliferative neutrophil pool or the number of band and segmented neutrophils in the bone marrow. The blood neutrophil count, however, correlates significantly with total marrow neutrophil mass (r = 0.69, p less than 0.01) and proliferative neutrophil pool (r = 0.68, p less than 0.01). These findings suggest that reduced marrow neutrophil mass is common in patients with metastatic carcinoma in the absence of overt protein-calorie malnutrition and that the reduced marrow neutrophil mass is most likely due to depressed granulocytopoiesis.
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PMID:Marrow neutrophil mass in patients with nonhematological tumor. 683 27

Although almost always a benign, self-limiting disease, infectious mononucleosis accounts for considerable symptomatic illness in the young athlete and can, on occasion, be truly life-threatening. Recognition of the syndrome "glandular fever," vis-a-vis infectious mononucleosis--fever, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly, with characteristic changes in the peripheral blood leukocytes--dates back over a half a century. However, seroepidemiologic studies have only recently established its viral causation and epidemiology. This acute infection by the Epstein-Barr virus is unique pathophysiologically--an acute, self-limiting, lymphoproliferative disorder with autoimmune features--and may well be the cause or one of the causes of several malignant neoplasms, Burkitt's lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This review (1) describes infectious mononucleosis, pathophysiologically, clinically, and epidemiologically; and outlines its most frequent and serious complications; (2) discusses how to reliably diagnose infectious mononucleosis and evaluate the heterophile-negative case; and (3) addresses management, especially the thorny issues of the use of corticosteroids and restriction from athletic training and participation.
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PMID:Infectious mononucleosis in the athlete. Diagnosis, complications, and management. 711 52

The first case of patient affected both by gastric carcinoma and hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is reported. From a clinical standpoint, this 54-year old man presented with striking leukopenia without splenomegaly. From a morphological point of view, the infiltration by leukemic cells occurred in the hypoplasic areas of the bone marrow biopsy (BMB) without increase in reticulin fibers. From these observations the authors deduce that: 1) BMB in many cases is the only morphologic tool for diagnosis and prognosis of HCL; 2) probably the "hypoplasic" variant of HCL will become more frequent, because of the increasing indication to BMB in course of pancytopenia, even in absence of splenomegaly; 3) our case is probably related more to an early phase of the disease than to a distinct variant. In addition, we propose that the co-existence of an aggressive solid tumor and HCL could be related to the immunosuppressive action by hairy cells.
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PMID:Hairy cell leukemia without splenomegaly nor myelofibrosis in a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma: early phase of the disease or a variant? 756 77

Diagnostic laparoscopy continues to have a role in the evaluation and diagnosis of acute and chronic liver diseases, primary and metastatic liver tumors, and peritoneal diseases. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 1794 diagnostic laparoscopies performed at our institution from 1987 to 1992 to identify the indications, results, and safety of this procedure in our training program. A definitive diagnosis was made in 91% of cases with biopsy performed in 93%. Chronic liver disease was evaluated in 890 patients, and a diagnosis was made in 98%. Four hundred thirty-seven patients were evaluated for suspected primary or metastatic carcinoma, and a diagnosis was made in 85%. Ascites was evaluated in 73 patients, and a diagnosis was made in 82%. One-hundred sixty-four patients were evaluated for abnormal liver function tests, and a diagnosis was made in 91%. HIV-related liver function test abnormalities were evaluated in 67 patients, and a diagnosis was made in 81%. One hundred sixty-three patients underwent diagnostic laparoscopy for the evaluation of hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, unexplained portal hypertension, fever of unknown origin, and cholestasis, and a diagnosis was made in 74% of cases. Eight major complications (including abdominal viscus perforation, hemobilia, splenic laceration, bleeding) and thirty-one minor complications were seen. Our findings confirm that diagnostic laparoscopy is a safe and valuable procedure in the evaluation of chronic liver disease.
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PMID:Diagnostic laparoscopy: a 5-year experience in a hepatology training program. 763 26

The authors report about 4 cases of splenic metastases in patients with the following neoplasms: urothelial carcinoma of the left kidney, adenocarcinoma of the uterine body, adenocarcinoma of the left flexure of the colon, adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid loop. On large autopsy series, metastases to the spleen are not rare (7% in average), and rank 10th among the 44 metastatic sites described in the literature. Cancers of the breast, lung, skin (melanoma), ovaries and stomach (cardia) make up more than 60% of the primary tumors. The diagnosis is most often accidental (surveillance of operated patients), rarely clinical (pain, splenomegaly), and it is based on medical imaging (ultrasound, CT). In the absence of hemostatic disorders, percutaneous needle biopsies are possible. Treatment, when at all possible, is surgical (splenectomy) and must comply with carcinological rules.
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PMID:[Splenic metastases. Apropos of 4 cases]. 816 2


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