Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 63 year old man underwent lymphography because of anemia, splenomegaly, and fever. Nodes in the high para-aortic region had the appearance of involvement with malignant lymphoma. Subsequent biopsy showed that these changes were due to the partial replacement of nodal tissue with extramedullary hematopoiesis.
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PMID:Lymphographic appearance of nodal extramedullary hematopoiesis simulating lymphoma. 60 78

The author shows 45 patients suffering from congenital spherocytosis, tested by Cr-51. The author in 8 cases has found decreased T1/2 without anemia and splenomegaly, and in 13 cases with reduced T1/2, with anemia and without splenomegaly, and in 24 cases remarkably reduced T1/2, with anemia and congestive splenomegaly (proved increased blood plasma volume and increased index spleen: heart first day of testing). The author emphasizes the importance of "aplastic crisis" which is expressed in infection or other disturbances, as the cause of anemia, as well as the importance of "hemolytic crisis" which is expressed in increased splenic activity, also as the cause of anemia in congenital spherocytosis.
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PMID:[Hemolytic and aplastic crisis as a cause of anemia in congenital hemolytic diseases (spherocytosis)]. 61 95

Three patients with carcinoma of the breast, extensive metastasis, and splenomegaly are described. Radioisotope studies with 59Fe and 51Cr revealed extramedullarly hematopoiesis and hemolysis. In addition to red cell hemolysis, ineffective erythropoiesis in the marrow and extramedullary sites contributed to the persistence of the anemic syndrome. Extramedullary hematopoiesis is not an effective compensatory mechanism in some patients with anemia and carcinoma of the breast.
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PMID:Anemia and extramedullary hematopoiesis associated with carcinoma of the breast. 61 20

Alcohol-related disturbances are seen against the three blood cell systems. They appear after important alcohol consumption within few days and are independent from the existence of liver cirrhosis with splenomegaly. They are promptly and completely reversible after interruption of alcohol supply. Disturbances in erythropoiesis are manifested in bone marrow with megaloblasts, ring sideroblasts, and vacuoles in cytoplasma and nucleus of nucleated red cells. They are caused by folate deficiency and by perturbations of iron utilization, which is perhaps connected with impaired heme synthesis following pyridoxal phosphate deficiency. Serum iron generally increases during alcohol consumption and decreases in the following alcohol-free period. The anemia may be macrocytic and normochromic or dimorphic with hypochromic microcytes. Anemias of hard alcohol drinkers are observed also as consequence of bleeding or hemolysis of different causes. The lability against infections of drinkers is associated with changes in granulopoiesis. The most important findings are granulocytopenia, vacuoles in the immature marrow cells, perturbations in granulopoietic maturation, and decrease of marrow response. Frequently, alcohol drinkers demonstrate thrombocytopenia which is caused by ineffective thrombopoiesis and by shortened life span of platelets as direct effect of ethanol. Functional impairments of thrombocytes have been published, too.
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PMID:[Alcohol-related disturbances in haematopoiesis (author's transl)]. 64 97

The records of 104 patients with culture-proven enteric fever were reviewed and evaluated as to the clinical signs, laboratory findings, pathologic features and complications of the disease. One patient with fatal disseminated intravascular coagulation and enteric fever is also presented. Fever and bradycardia were the leading clinical signs followed by splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and rose spots. The principal complications of enteric fever included anemia, typhoid hepatitis, relapse and bleeding. Evidence of typhoid hepatitis was present in 30% of the patients tested. The pathology consisted of typhoid nodules of variable frequency and size depending upon the severity of the condition. The relationship of typhoid hepatitis to relapse seems to be more than coincidental as four out of seven patients who had relapse had abnormal liver tests. The occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation in enteric fever is rare; however, awareness of such a potential complication may be life-saving to the patient.
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PMID:Enteric fever: a clinicopathologic study of 104 cases. 64 89

In order to study the effect of oxymetholone therapy in advanced myelofibrosis, 11 patients (4 females, 7 males) were given, 3--5 mg per kg body weight, long-term oxymetholone treatment in a prospective multicenter study. Five cases had previously had a diagnosis of polycythemia vera. All patients had anemia initially, 4 leukocytopenia and 10 thrombocytopenia in addition. Hepato-splenomegaly was present in all cases but in varying degree. Five patients required regular blood transfusions before treatment. In 9 of the 15 courses given, there was normalization of the peripheral blood or substantial improvement (better than 3 g hemoglobin/dl or 50 X 10(9) platelets/1) after androgens. Significant effects were noted both on hemoglobin values and platelet counts. The need for blood transfusions ceased completely in all 5 cases. When oxymetholone treatment was reduced or interrupted 4 patients relapsed; 2 of them responded to a renewed course. The red cell counts returned to previous polycythemic values in one patient and another died from acute leukemia. The results of this study suggest that androgens might be of value in advanced cases of myelofibrosis with transfusion-requiring anemia or severe thrombocytopenia.
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PMID:Oxymetholone treatment in myelofibrosis. 66 66

Immunologically competent mice and mice with defined immunological deficiencies were infected with Plasmodium yoelii. Splenomegaly, enhanced phagocytosis, and anemia were most marked in infected mice having intact thymic tissue. Whereas the spleens of infected nude mice increased minimally in size, the relative blood hemoglobin levels and the rates of carbon clearance in these mice were similar to those of noninfected, immunologically intact mice. Thymus-reconstituted nude mice and B-cell-deficient mice responded to infection in a manner similar to that of infected immunocompetent mice. These data demonstrate that the hallmarks of malaria, i.e., splenomegaly, enhanced phagocytosis, and anemia, are thymus-dependent responses to infection.
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PMID:Splenomegaly, enhanced phagocytosis, and anemia are thymus-dependent responses to malaria. 66 20

The authors describe the case of a young Algerian, aged 32, suffering from mild icterus, accompanied by a marked splenomegaly. The blood count revealed a moderate degree of anaemia with reticulocytosis, pronounced anisocytosis, micro-spherocytes, bulls eye cells, folded cells, hypochrome cells, a marked polychromasia and a mild erythroblastosis. Present also were hyperbilirubinaemia, raised plasma haemoglobin, zero haptoglobin, a reduced osmotic fragility and half-life of erythrocytes. Haemoglobin electrophoresis showed 17.25% haemoglobin F, 62.8% haemoglobin C+A2 and no haemoglobin A. The genetic study indicated that the patient was a double heterozygote C/beta thalassaemia, his mother and his son both suffering from this disease. This thalassemic gene of type beta (0) totally inhibited the synthesis of haemoglobin A, the defect found in our patient.
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PMID:[Haemoglobinosis C/beta-thalassemia double heterozygosity in an Algerian patient with total suppression of haemoglobin A synthesis (author's transl)]. 67 Sep 35

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the commonest type of leukemia seen in Western countries. It affects an older group of individuals than most other varieties of leukemia, and men more often than women, in a ratio of 2:1. The incidence of CLL is significantly increased in some families. In most instances, CLL is due to the overgrowth or accumulation of immunoglobulin producing B lymphocytes. Hypogammaglobulinemia is a common feature, and anomalous immunoglobulin components occur in 3 to 5% of patients. The early symptoms and signs of CLL include fatigue, reduced exercise tolerance, enlarged lymph nodes, and splenomegaly. Fever, weight loss, and impairment of bone marrow function, with anemia, bleeding and susceptibility to infection are characteristic of severe or advanced disease. In the great majority of patients, the disease can be controlled for 6 to 10 or more years with simple regimens using chlorambucil or cyclophosphamide, often in combination with prednisone. Radiotherapy and splenectomy are useful in some instances. The terminal phase of the disease is characterized by exacerbation or increasing severity of the leukemia and the development of opportunistic infections associated with immunodeficiency.
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PMID:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 68 76

A young man had a mild, slightly progressive pulmonary sarcoidosis. After 4 years he developed an acute disease with splenomegaly, anemia, marked elevation of ESR, hypercalcemia and mild renal insufficiency. The anemia and ESR elevation disappeared after splenectomy, whereas the hypercalcemia still needs corticosteroid treatment. Attempts to withdraw this treatment resulted in recurrence of the hypercalcemia, but no other abnormalities. In contrast to other organs examined, the sarcoid tissue in the spleen revealed necrosis formation, consistent with a recent process. A Kveim antigen preparation from the spleen was less potent than antigen from mediastinal lymph nodes. It is suggested that the acute phase of the disease involved mainly the spleen. Speculations about the possible role of infectious agent(s) are put forward.
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PMID:Acute phase of sarcoidosis with splenomegaly and hypercalcemia. Description of a case, including a report about splenectomy and the preparation and testing of a Kveim antigen from the spleen. 69 75


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