Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038002 (splenomegaly)
 9,873 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Carrageenan treatment of chickens resulted in splenomegaly and enlargement of bursa but had no effect on the thymus. The dose and route of administration had a profound effect on humoral immune response to Brucella abortus and sheep red blood cells. Antibody response to B. abortus was either unaffected or significantly enhanced, whereas response to red blood cells was severely suppressed. Furthermore, delineation of the class of antibody response affected by the treatment, using 2-mercaptoethanol, suggested that there was a selective inhibition of IgG response to the T dependent antigen.
 ...
PMID:Modification of humoral immune response in chickens following treatment with carrageenan. 643 76

The subacute toxicity test of cefoperazone (CPZ), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, was carried out in both sexes of Beagle dogs. CPZ was injected in Beagle dogs intramuscularly at dose levels of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg/day for 3 months. The same amount of physiological saline was injected to control dogs intramuscularly for 3 months. The following results were obtained: 1) Sign of severe pain was shown immediately after injection in groups of CPZ at 500 and 250 mg/kg/day. In the same groups, the focal necrosis, hemorrhage, cell infiltration and fibrosis of muscles of injected site were noted microscopically. 2) In only one out of 6 dogs given CPZ at 500 mg/kg/day for 3 months, decrease of red blood cells and in values of hemoglobin and hematocrit an increase of reticulocytes in the peripheral blood were observed. In the same dog, splenomegaly and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the liver was found histopathologically, and in addition, the body weight and the food intake decreased during the administration period, associated with the development of anemia. 3) In dogs receiving up to 250 mg/kg/day, atrophy of the thymus was recognized at autopsy and slight decrease of cortical lymphocytes was seen histopathologically. 4) Based on these results, the maximum safety dose of CPZ was thought to be 125 mg/kg/day from the present experiment.
 ...
PMID:[Subacute toxicity test of cefoperazone in beagle dogs with the intramuscular administration for 3 months (author's transl)]. 645 21

A low dose of nitrendipine (a calcium antagonist) ameliorated the percentage incidence and severity of cardiac and renal lesions induced by deoxycorticosterone (DOC) despite maintenance of the systolic blood pressure of the DOC plus nitrendipine group in the hypertensive range. The percentage mortality in the DOC-calcium antagonist group was slightly lower than that in the DOC-vehicle injected group. Nitrendipine did not reduce the DOC-induced renal hypertrophy, cardiomegaly, splenomegaly, or hepatomegaly as reflected in the absolute or relative weights of these organs. The absolute and relative weights of the thymus of the nitrendipine-DOC group did not differ significantly from those of controls although these weights decreased significantly in the group receiving DOC. No changes in relative weights of the adrenal gland were observed. The level of calcium in the serum of groups receiving DOC with or without nitrendipine was reduced significantly as compared to the comparable controls. Nitrendipine at the low dose employed separates at least in part the changes exerted by elevated blood pressure in animals receiving DOC from cardiac and renal lesions.
 ...
PMID:A low dose of a calcium antagonist (nitrendipine) ameliorates cardiac and renal lesions induced by DOC in the rat. 651 May 6

Within a social dominance hierarchy, subordinate mice show hematological changes such as increased erythropoiesis and splenomegaly. The present experiment demonstrates similar findings for the unwounded dominant mouse. In addition, total serum protein, serum albumin and plasma fibrinogen were measured. Male DBA/2j mice were placed into social triads for three 24 hr periods. The resultant dominant and subordinate mice were compared with isolated control mice. Splenomegaly, thymus involution, decreased hematocrit, and increased fibrinogen levels were found in dominant mice. Subordinate mice demonstrated the same changes to a greater extent, as well as an increased reticulocyte count. Only dominant mice showed a reduction in total serum protein. Wounding-independent processes must be involved in these cellular and non-cellular hematological effects of psychosocial stress.
 ...
PMID:Splenomegaly and other hematological parameters in the socially dominant mouse. 654 9

The effects of i.p. administration in mice of a rabbit antiserum specific for thymic epithelial cells on T-dependent cellular immune response has been studied. As measure of T-dependent cellular immune response were taken: 1) a delayed type hypersensitivity test based on the swelling of footpad following SRBC injection in immunized mice; 2) a graft-versus-host assay valuated by splenomegaly induced in newborn mice after donors mice spleen cells i.p. injection. Both assays showed a significant reduction of cellular T-dependent immune response. The cinetic of this effect is in accord with ultrastructural changes in mice thymus, following the same treatment, previously observed.
 ...
PMID:[Release of prostaglandins by spleen cells in the mouse after incubation with thymosin]. 658 63

Restriction of calorie intake from the time of weaning greatly prolongs life, and it inhibits development and expression of the lymphoproliferative syndrome, renal disease, and decline of certain immunologic functions with age in MRL/lpr mice. This dramatic influence of diet on mice of this short-lived autoimmunity-prone strain, while associated with decreased rate of growth, is not associated with debilitation or apparent disease in the MRL/lpr mice. The massive lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly that developed in the putatively well-fed animals was prevented by dietary restriction, as were histopathologic abnormalities of thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, and kidneys.
 ...
PMID:Inhibition by restricted-calorie diet of lymphoproliferative disease and renal damage in MRL/lpr mice. 659 6

Domestic chickens infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei developed a latent parasitaemia which lasted for one year. Six distinct variable antigen types were isolated. Spleens from infected birds were studied histologically at different stages of the infection. Trypanosome infection produced a progressive increase in the number of germinal centres during the early stages of the infection. Peak numbers of germinal centres were reached in the spleen at Day 84 after which the numbers were maintained during an active infection. A tenfold increase in the number of germinal centres was found in trypanosome-infected birds compared to controls. No splenomegaly was observed. Lymphoid cells of the caecal tonsil and the thymus remained apparently normal during the course of infection. Chemotherapeutic termination of infection with berenil resulted in an initial increase in the number of germinal centres. A gradual return to normal level was observed on Day 100 post cure. It is suggested that the development of such a large number of germinal centres reflects the bird's response to the elaboration of a succession of trypanosome variable antigens.
 ...
PMID:Massive increase in splenic germinal centres of chickens experimentally-infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. 668 96

Both phagocytic and nonphagocytic inflammatory cells infiltrate the peritoneal cavity of mice infected intraperitoneally with Echinococcus multilocularis cysts. A longitudinal study on the kinetics of peritoneal leukocytosis at 3 days, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 14 weeks postinfection revealed that the restrictive and progressive growth phases of the alveolar hydatid cyst correspond sharply with the increasing and decreasing levels of peritoneal cells, respectively. The restrictive phase is characterized by the progressive peritoneal accumulation of lymphocytes, monocytoid cells and eosinophils. Between 6 and 14 weeks p.i., the alveolar cyst increased in weight 30 fold. This phase was associated with peritoneal neutrophilia, splenomegaly, involution of the thymus and a significant decline in the extravasated lymphocytes, monocytoid cells and eosinophils. These results in conjunction with our previous studies indicate that host's hydatid immunosurveillance is compromised as a result of profound immunopathologic disorders during the progressive growth phase of the alveolar cyst. In order to understand the prolonged survival of alveolar cyst, further investigation of inflammatory cell-cyst interactions is indicated.
 ...
PMID:Intraperitoneal murine alveolar hydatidosis: relationship between the size of the larval cyst mass, immigrant inflammatory cells, splenomegaly and thymus involution. 684 15

Natural killer (NK) cell activity of spleen and thymus was studied in Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL)-bearing mice. A high level of hydrocortisone-sensitive NK cell cytotoxicity was found in the thymus after excision of the primary tumor, but not in nonamputated mice. Conversely, splenic NK cell activity was diminished in nonamputated tumor-bearing mice and remained unmodified in amputated tumor-bearing mice. Excision of the primary tumor prevented tumor-induced thymic atrophy and splenomegaly. Histological study of the thymus revealed the presence of metastatic cells within the cortex. These data suggest that NK cells or their precursors are present in the thymus and can be triggered or unmasked in situ by tumor cells migrating from the primary tumor.
 ...
PMID:Studies of the thymus in mice bearing the Lewis lung carcinoma. I. Thymic natural killer cell activity in 3LL tumor-bearing mice. 687 7

Some biologic, hematologic, and immunologic aspects of the growth and metastasis of the MC-2 fibrosarcoma indicated its suitability as a model for the study of lymphogenous metastasis. The tumor was maintained in syngeneic female BALB/c mice by the serial sc passage of 10(5) viable tumor cells. It metastasized macroscopically in all mice to regional lymph nodes (RLN) and to the lungs. Both forward and retrograde node-to-node metastases were found. Tumor growth and metastasis were associated with splenomegaly, thymus atrophy, cachexia, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and anemia. Tumor excision at various times after inoculation showed that all mice whose tumors were excised when there was histologic evidence of metastasis in all RLN (day 13; mean of tumor wt, 122 mg) died subsequently from metastases, whereas no animals died whose tumors were excised on or before day 8 (mean of tumor wt, 15 mg). The onset of metastasis was seen in some RLN on day 8. All survivors were immune to challenge with 10(5) viable tumor cells, which demonstrated the immunogenicity of the tumor. Concomitant tumor immunity could be demonstrated prior to the onset of metastasis (days 6 and 7) but not early (days 0--2) or late (days 15, 19, and 20) in primary-site tumor growth. The early immune response to the tumor demonstrable as concomitant tumor immunity appeared to be abrogated by the progressive growth and metastasis of the neoplasm. Tumor cells passaged in adult thymectomized, X-irradiated, syngeneic recipients produced larger RLN metastases and smaller primary tumors than those passaged in control mice.
 ...
PMID:Biologic and immunologic studies on a murine model of regional lymph node metastasis. 692 75


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>