Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0037315 (sleep apnea)
 8,000 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a study conducted in four family practice units in Toronto, Canada, 2001 subjects reported on snoring and medical conditions in members of their households. For spouses the prevalence of snoring increased with age up to the seventh decade, with a higher prevalence of nearly 85% in husbands. For 11 medical problems an association existed between snoring, its frequency, and the presence of the condition. This association continued when the data were corrected for sex, age, and marital state. For hypertension both men and women who snored between the fifth and 10th decades had a twofold increase over non-snorers. The prevalence of heart disease and other conditions, except for diabetes and asthma, also increased in snorers in this age group. When corrected for smoking and obesity the association between snoring, hypertension, and heart disease persisted. These findings extend those of Lugaresi et al, and if they could be confirmed snoring as a risk factor for conditions other than sleep apnoea and sleep disorders might be considered. Methods of alleviating the acoustic annoyance of snoring may also provide direct medical benefits.
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1985 Sep 07
PMID:Snoring as a risk factor for disease: an epidemiological survey. 392 56

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), originally evaluated in 66 patients with objectively documented sleep apnea syndrome, was successful in 33 of the patients as indicated by clinical and polysomnographic improvements. One-year followup polysomnographic evaluations were obtained in 20 of these patients; the remaining 13 were lost to followup. After one year, the patients maintained the improvements seen at the six-week evaluation. Frequency and duration of apnea was significantly reduced from presurgery levels and similar to the six-week results. Oxygenation measures also did not differ from the six-week results, remaining better than presurgery values. Thus, respiration did not disrupt sleep to the degree it had before surgery. Sleep measures were improved compared to presurgery and similar to the six-week data. Body weight remained stable over the entire period.
Chest 1985 Sep
PMID:Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. One-year followup. 402 49

The relation of sleep complaint to sleep continuity and respiratory disturbance was studied by comparing 2 series of patients with sleep apnea, one group complaining of insomnia and the other of excessive daytime sleepiness. On polysomnographic evaluation, patients with insomnia complaints had fewer and shorter, primarily central, apneas that had little hypoxemic effects. Patients with excessive sleepiness complaints had more and longer, primarily obstructive, apneas that produced significant hypoxemia. Sleep of the excessively sleepy patients was lighter and longer, whereas that of the patients with insomnia was characterized by more wake time before and after sleep onset. The excessively sleepy patients were objectively sleepy on a test of daytime sleepiness, whereas patients with insomnia were alert.
Am Rev Respir Dis 1985 Sep
PMID:Sleep-wake complaints in patients with sleep-related respiratory disturbances. 403 27

The objective of this study was to evaluate polysomnographic data, and especially the sudden onset of REM periods that occur after spontaneous awakenings during the night as characteristics of narcolepsy. We evaluated 148 consecutive patients with excessive daytime somnolence, except for those with sleep apnea. After clinical evaluation, all-night polysomnographic recording and multiple sleep latency test, 55 were diagnosed as narcoleptics and 93 were grouped as non-narcoleptics. The mean age of narcoleptics was 42.9 +/- 14.4 years old and the non-narcoleptics were 40.3 +/- 13.5 years old. Polysomnographic variables were compared between both samples using unpaired t test. Non-significant differences were found for: sex; total time in bed; total sleep time; time in stages 3, 4 and REM; number of arousals (less than 30 sec); number of body movements; REM density. The following significant differences were found: number of sleep onset REM periods during the night was higher for narcoleptics (p less than 0.001); total sleep time was lower for narcoleptics (p = 0.02); sleep latency was shorter for narcoleptics (p less than 0.001); REM latency to stage 1 was shorter for narcoleptics (p less than 0.001); time in stage 1 was higher for narcoleptics (p less than 0.001); time in stage 2 was lower for narcoleptics (p less than 0.001); number of full awakenings (greater than 30 sec) was higher for narcoleptics (p less than 0.001); number of awakenings longer than 5 minutes was higher for narcoleptics (p = 0.002). In conclusion, there were marked differences in the sleep architecture between the two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1985 Sep
PMID:[Narcolepsy and sudden onset of REM periods after nocturnal awakenings]. 409 34

This report presents the first study of cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disturbance in a large group (400 patients) with sleep apnea syndrome studied between 1974 and 1979 with 24-hour Holter electrocardiography and a simultaneously recorded polygraph during late afternoon or nocturnal sleep. Of the 400, 193 patients (48%) had cardiac arrhythmias during the recorded night. The mean number of apneic events, age, weight and lowest oxygen saturation during sleep were not significantly different in those with arrhythmias. The most significant abnormalities were unsustained ventricular tachycardia in 8 patients, sinus arrest that lasted for 2.5 to 13 seconds in 43 patients, and second-degree atrioventricular conduction block in 31. Seventy-five had frequent (greater than 2 beats/min) premature ventricular contractions during sleep. Fifty patients with significant arrhythmias had a tracheostomy and were monitored again after surgery. No arrhythmia was present in these patients except for premature ventricular contractions.
Am J Cardiol 1983 Sep 01
PMID:Cardiac arrhythmia and conduction disturbances during sleep in 400 patients with sleep apnea syndrome. 619

We have described a patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease who showed disappearance of sleep apnea by tracheal intubation. All night polygraphic study revealed a clear correlation between the cyclic EEG change and sleep apnea. The periodic synchronous discharge (PSD) phase in EEG corresponded to the breathing phase in respiration and non-PSD phase corresponded to the apneic phase. Intratracheal intubation has completely stopped both the apnea and the cyclic EEG change. Therefore, we assumed that the PSD-non-PSD cycle in EEG might causally relate with the peripheral obstruction of the airway during sleep.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1984 Sep
PMID:Disappearance of sleep apnea by tracheal intubation in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. 620 54

The use of tricyclic antidepressants as opposed to hypnotics in treating insomnia is reviewed. Available data indicate that TCAs alleviate sleep disturbances related to depression (often before antidepressant effects are seen) and, in selected cases, may prove effective in disturbed sleep related to sleep apnea, fibrositis, and sleep related bruxism, as well as in adults with childhood onset insomnia or a history of hyperkinesis. However, TCAs share many of the problems reported for hypnotics, as well as having some potentially serious side effects not present with benzodiazepines. The need for determination of the etiology of sleep disorders, and specific pharmacotherapy directed toward identified causes rather than the symptom of insomnia, is stressed.
J Clin Psychiatry 1983 Sep
PMID:Tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of insomnia. 635 74

We studied ten men with olivopontocerebellar degeneration. Our findings of the autonomic deficits as manifested by orthostatic hypotension, impaired Valsalva's response, abnormal findings on cold pressor and mental arithmetic tests, and plasma renin and norepinephrine abnormalities in some patients with olivopontocerebellar degeneration suggested a defective central control of the sympathetic nervous system. Five patients had sleep apnea. Autonomic dysfunction and sleep apnea in olivopontocerebellar degeneration may result from degenerative lesions in the cerebellum and the brain stem.
Arch Neurol 1984 Sep
PMID:Autonomic dysfunction and sleep apnea in olivopontocerebellar degeneration. 638 99

Respiration during sleep was studied in six obese women who had impaired prolactin response to insulin induced hypoglycaemia (non-responders), six obese women with a normal prolactin response to hypoglycaemia (responders), and six lean women. Sleep apnoea did not occur in any subject. All the obese women showed a decrease in haemoglobin oxygen saturation when asleep, which occurred predominantly during periods of rapid eye movement sleep. That the fall in oxygen saturation was significantly greater (p less than 0.05) in the obese non-responders suggests that central as well as mechanical factors may be important for the genesis of nocturnal hypoxia and is evidence for a disturbance of central nervous function in some obese women.
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1983 Sep 24
PMID:Nocturnal hypoxia and prolactin secretion in obese women. 641 59

A patient was seen for evaluation of excessive daytime sleepiness, which was exacerbated following complications secondary to surgical reconstruction of the pharynx for a submucous cleft palate. She underwent recordings in the sleep laboratory and was found to have sleep apnea. Also, a thorough clinical and laboratory assessment established the diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy. Following tracheostomy, both the patient's sleep apnea and daytime hypersomnia were eliminated. Our case demonstrates that surgical procedures involving the upper airway should be approached with considerable caution in patients with myotonic dystrophy and only after the presence of associated sleep apnea has been carefully excluded. An original finding is the suggestion of a decrease in the number of T-cell lymphocytes in a patient with myotonic dystrophy.
Arch Otolaryngol 1984 Sep
PMID:Sleep apnea precipitated by pharyngeal surgery in a patient with myotonic dystrophy. 647 82


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