Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0037315 (sleep apnea)
 8,000 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A comprehensive cephalometric analysis of uvulo-glossopharyngeal morphology in 100 patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and 36 controls was performed. The aberrations in OSA patients included: 1. Increased length, thickness, and sagittal area of soft palate (PM-U; SPT; SPA: P < 0.001) with a more upright position (NL/PM-U: P < 0.05) and 15 per cent more pharyngeal area occupation [SPA/(OPA-OA): P < 0.001]. 2. The contact length between the soft palate and the tongue was increased approximately two-fold (CL: P < 0.001). 3. The sagittal area of the tongue was 10 per cent larger (TA: P < 0.001) despite similar length and height and 3 per cent more oral area occupation (TA/OA: P < 0.05). 4. More upright tongue position (VT/FH: P < 0.05) and caudally extended tongue mass (V perpendicular FH: P < 0.05). 5. Decreased sagittal dimensions of nasopharynx (pm-UPW: P < 0.001), velopharynx (U-MPW: P < 0.001) and minimum distance between the base of the tongue and the posterior pharyngeal wall (PASmin: P < 0.001). 6. The residual oropharyngeal area (area not occupied by soft tissues) was 9 per cent less due to larger tongue and soft palate [(TA+SPA)/OPA: P < 0.001]. Cephalometric analysis is highly recommended in OSA patients as one of the most important tools in diagnosis and treatment planning.
 ...
PMID:Obstructive sleep apnoea: a cephalometric study. Part II. Uvulo-glossopharyngeal morphology. 773 46

The actions of N6-p-sulfophenyladenosine (p-SPA), a novel peripherally selective adenosine A1 agonist, were assessed on spontaneous and postsigh central sleep apneas in freely moving, unanesthetized rats by simultaneously monitoring sleep and respiration. Intraperitoneal administration of 0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 mg/kg of the drug significantly decreased postsigh and spontaneous sleep apnea index (AI). This effect persisted throughout the 6-h recording period. Doses of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg did not affect sleep efficiency, whereas 1.0 mg/kg of p-SPA reduced it to 60% of baseline value.
 ...
PMID:p-SPA, a peripheral adenosine A1 analogue, reduces sleep apneas in rats. 880 42

The effects of administration of N(6)-p-sulfophenyladenosine (p-SPA), a peripheral adenosine A(1) receptor agonist, and 8-(p-sulfophenyl)theophylline (p-SPT), a peripheral adenosine A(1) receptor blocker, on spontaneous apneas were studied in 10 adult Sprague-Dawley rats by monitoring respiration, sleep, and blood pressure for 6 h. Intraperitoneal injection of p-SPA (1 mg/kg) to rats suppressed spontaneous central apneas during non-rapid eye movement sleep by 50% in comparison to control recordings (p = 0.03). This effect was blocked by pretreatment with an equimolar dose of p-SPT (0.67 mg/kg) indicating that p-SPA suppression of apneas was receptor mediated in the peripheral nervous system. Administration of p-SPA did not affect apnea expression in rapid eye movement sleep and had no effect on sleep or blood pressure at the dose tested. Administration of p-SPT (0.67, 6.7, and 30 mg/kg) to rats had no effect on apneas, sleep, or blood pressure. The lack of p-SPT effect on sleep apneas argues against a physiologic role for endogenous adenosine in the peripheral nervous system as a modulator of sleep apnea expression under baseline conditions.
 ...
PMID:Role of peripheral adenosine A(1) receptors in the regulation of sleep apneas in rats. 1050 26