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Query: UMLS:C0037315 (sleep apnea)
 8,000 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The sleep patterns of children often cause anxiety to their parents. Some disturbances are unusual, and therefore may cause diagnostic difficulties. Sleep walking and night terrors can be confused with epileptic seizures. The sudden sleep of narcolepsy can lead to false accusations, when in fact the episodes are beyond the child's control. The associated phenomena of cataplexy, hypnogogic hallucinations and sleep paralysis can be particularly alarming, especially if they occur in the absence of narcolepsy. The overlap between narcolepsy and the Kleine-Levin syndrome is confirmed. Although of a different nature the sleep apnoea syndrome is equally important from the point of view of diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:The more unusual sleep disturbances of childhood. 151 60

Sleep-disordered breathing may occur in a wide variety of neuromuscular syndromes, and may present with diverse, often isolated, symptoms or findings such as excessive daytime sleepiness, pulmonary hypertension, congestive heart failure, morning headaches, or hypoxia-induced nocturnal seizures. The authors report two sisters with congenital muscular dystrophy in whom central sleep apnoea resulted in the isolated symptom of nocturnal seizures in one, and morning headaches in the other. Review of the literature reveals that sleep-disordered breathing may be common in neuromuscular disorders, and may often be present when clinical weakness is mild, and insufficient to result in diurnal respiratory dysfunction.
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PMID:Central sleep apnoea in congenital muscular dystrophy. 194 Sep 43

Two cases are reported of A/EEG recordings performed for the evaluation of seizures. Marked fragmentation of nocturnal sleep, which produces a "noisy" record on the rapid playback visual/analogue auditory playback technique, led to a clinical suspicion of sleep apnea, later confirmed by polysomnography.
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PMID:Detection of sleep apnea during standard ambulatory cassette EEG recording for seizures: two case reports. 236 59

In 100 consecutive adults who came to a sleep disorders center complaining of repeated nocturnal injury, polysomnographic study identified five disorders: night terrors/sleepwalking (N = 54), REM sleep behavior disorder (N = 36), dissociative disorders (N = 7), nocturnal seizures (N = 2), and sleep apnea (N = 1). Ninety-five patients sustained ecchymoses, 30 had lacerations, and nine had fractures. DSM-III axis I disorders (past or current) were found in 48.1% of the group with night terrors/sleepwalking and in 30.6% of the group with REM sleep behavior disorder; these were mainly affective disorders. In these two groups, clonazepam controlled the symptoms of 51 of the 61 patients to whom it was given.
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PMID:A polysomnographic and clinical report on sleep-related injury in 100 adult patients. 276 74

We describe a familial disorder consisting of sleep apnea, anosmia, colorblindness, partial complex seizures, and cognitive dysfunction. The phenotypic expression of the syndrome suggests an autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance.
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PMID:Familial 'sleep apnea plus' syndrome: report of a family. 325 50

Two newborns, 1 male and 1 female, had both Ondine curse, also known as congenital, central hypoventilation syndrome, and Hirschsprung disease. Both infants demonstrated insufficient respiration while asleep and normal respiration when awake. The lesser affected child had an otherwise normal neurologic examination, but suffered from seizures. He died at 18 months of age; neuropathologic examination of the brain was unremarkable. The girl had a severe and ultimately fatal form of this disorder and manifested a variety of neurologic abnormalities indicative of developmental failure of the neural crest-derived tissues. These abnormalities included unreactive pupils and deafness. She died at 40 days of age; autopsy permission was denied. The etiology of sleep apnea is not known. Mechanisms of central integration may be abnormal but the association with neural crest maldevelopment implicates the peripheral nervous system.
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PMID:Ondine curse and neurocristopathy. 350 86

A 55-year-old man is presented who developed severe multifocal myoclonus and tonic clonic seizures in his early thirties, and progressive limb weakness in his mid forties, when a ragged red fibre myopathy was diagnosed. He went on to develop a distal motor neuropathy and respiratory failure. Respiratory function tests indicated respiratory failure secondary to respiratory muscle weakness and a central hypoventilation syndrome. CT scan revealed brain stem atrophy and brain stem evoked responses were abnormal. A sural nerve biopsy showed severe axonal degeneration. Cytochrome difference spectra and polarographic studies on isolated intact muscle mitochondria were normal. This study reports the association of respiratory failure and sleep apnoea with Fukuhara's syndrome and presents biochemical data suggesting that the mitochondrial respiratory chain may be intact in some patients with this syndrome.
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PMID:Mitochondrial myoneuropathy with respiratory failure and myoclonic epilepsy. A case report with biochemical studies. 393 3

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) probably represents a number of specific processes rather than one disease, the causes of which have so far eluded scientists. Various hypotheses as to cause are discussed, as is the role of the emergency physician. Also considered are apparently life-threatening events such as prolonged sleep apnea, laryngeal-induced apnea, gastroesophageal reflux-induced apnea, and seizure-associated apnea.
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PMID:Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), apnea, and near miss for SIDS. 639 85

A 4-month-old infant with lissencephaly syndrome who was diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms and computed tomography experienced four apnea attacks during three polysomnographies. Apnea attacks were of two types. Type I apnea attacks were thought to be sleep apnea. The cause is unknown. Apnea was followed by tonic seizures due to hypoxia. Type II apnea attacks were thought to be epileptic apneic attacks, because they proceeded from the epileptic discharges in the right anterior temporal region (lead of electrooculogram). The origin of Type II apnea attacks was focused in the limbic system.
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PMID:A case of lissencephaly (agyria) syndrome with apnea--polygraphic study. 648 82

A patient with a medically intractable seizure disorder was found to suffer sleep apnea as well. Treating the sleep apnea with permanent tracheostomy improved his generalized seizures. Although this combination of neurological disorders is probably rare, it should be considered if a suggestive history is obtained.
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PMID:Epilepsy complicated by sleep apnea. 722 5


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