Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0037315 (sleep apnea)
 8,000 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was to clarify the mechanism of tonsillar focal infections such as pustulosis palmaris et plantaris (PPP), especially the role of tonsil on it. In 88 cases of various tonsillar diseases, i.e., PPP, chronic tonsillitis, and sleep apnea syndrome, distribution of immunocompetent cells, i.e., B cells having various immunoglobulin isotypes (IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE, IgA1, and IgA2) on their surfaces and T cell subsets, helper/inducer (CD4+) T cell and suppressor/cytotoxic (CD8+) T cell were investigated immunohistologically using monoclonal antibodies and ABC method. The proportion of the immunocompetent cells in four anatomical sites in tonsil (germinal center, mantle zone, interfollicular area, and subepithelial area) were quantitatively studied by the image analyzer (CUE-2, Olympus, USA) and compared among various age groups and among three groups of tonsillar diseases. The difference of immunocompetent cells in tonsils between the effective group (showing marked improvement of skin lesions of PPP after tonsillectomy) and the not-effective group (showing no improvement of skin lesions after tonsillectomy) was also investigated. The results were summarized as follows. 1) Every type of Ig-positive cells in tonsils was decreased in proportion to age, especially the changes of IgG-, IgM-, and IgD-positive cells were inversely proportional to age with statistical significance. On the other hand, changes to T cell subsets with age were smaller in comparison with those of Ig-positive cells, especially the proportion of CD4-positive cells showed almost no changes in accordance with age. 2) Eighty percent of cases with PPP were classified into the effective group, whereas only 20% of them into the not-effective group. 3) IgG-, IgM-, and IgD-positive cells in tonsils of PPP were found to be significantly increased in the effective group compared to the not-effective group. In addition, in the effective group, CD4-positive cells were significantly increased in the interfollicular area and the subepithelial area of the tonsil. These results indicate that the image analysis will be a breakthrough in quantitative study on the immunohistology of the tonsil and give us useful informations in terms of the mechanism of tonsillar focal infections, i.e., immunological abnormalities in tonsils may play one of the important roles in the pathogenesis of PPP.
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PMID:[Immunohistological study on human palatine tonsils in cases with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris--the quantitative study by image analyzer]. 218 Oct 93

The purpose of this study was to clarify the etiological role of immune responses in tonsillar lymphocytes of the patients with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris (PPP). In order to determine their immune response to S. pyogenes T4, S. pyogenes T12, S mitis, S. salivarius, S. sanguis I, S. sanguis II and S. pneumoniae, tonsillar lymphocytes from patients with PPP, CT, and sleep apnea syndrome (control) were cultured with formalinized streptococcal cellular antigens. Blastoid transformation was investigated by [3H] -thymidine uptake, while antistreptococcal antibody production were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were as follows. 1. Tonsillar lymphocytes from PPP patients underwent blastoid transformation and accelerated the production of immunoglobulin G following the addition of S. sanguis I, S. sanguis II S. mitis, S. pyogenes T4, and S. pyogenes T12, while those form CT patients and controls did so only with S. pyogenes T4 and S. pyogenes T12. 2. The spontaneous production of specific IgG against various streptococci, including S. sanguis I, S. sanguis II and S. mitis by tonsillar lymphocytes from patients with PPP was already higher than that from CT patients and controls. The specific IgM production was also increased above that in PPP patients without any antigens. 3. S. sanguis I, S. sanguis II and S. salivarius antigens stimulated antigen-specific IgM production in tonsillar lymphocytes from PPP patients. 4. The levels of specific IgG production against S. sanguis I and S. sanguis II by tonsillar lymphocytes from PPP patients showed a relationship with the serum levels of the PPP patients. These results suggested that the sensitization of alpha-streptococci, especially S. sanguis, in the tonsillar lacunae may lead to the specific production of anti-S. sanguis antibodies in patients with PPP, and these may be involved in the pathogenesis of PPP.
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PMID:[Investigation of the immune response in tonsillar lymphocytes against streptococci in patients with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris]. 221 57