Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0037315 (sleep apnea)
 8,000 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty patients complaining of excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) secondary to significant head trauma were studied objectively. Several polygraphic recording protocols were performed over the 12-year study period. Eighteen of the 20 patients were objectively sleepy, 8 of them presented mixed sleep apnea syndrome that fragmented their sleep, 5 patients' sleep-related breathing problems improved over time, 9 patients presented daytime somnolence, and 1 reported abrupt bouts of muscle weakness and had two sleep onset rapid eye movement (REM) periods during daytime testing. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis for specific neurotransmitter metabolites' evaluation, pre- and postprobenecid, did not differentiate posttraumatic EDS patients from narcoleptics or other patients with EDS. Two patients (one with organic brain syndrome, the other depressed) reported subjective sleepiness, not confirmed by objective data. Objective testing in posttraumatic sleepiness is recommended because of the plurality of problems and medicolegal implications.
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PMID:Posttraumatic excessive daytime sleepiness: a review of 20 patients. 668 31

Sleep disorders are difficult to distinguish from changes in sleep typically occurring after age 60. Sleep laboratory evaluation is needed to differentiate normal sleep alterations from the similar but more severe symptoms of depression or organic brain syndrome, and to detect sleep apnea, the most common sleep disorder found in geriatric patients. This disorder may be fatal, especially if a hypnotic drug is prescribed. Since biologic rhythms are easily disturbed in the elderly, education about sleep habits may be the most helpful therapy.
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PMID:Sleep disorders in the elderly. 682 85