Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0037315 (sleep apnea)
 8,000 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty consecutive children, ranging in age from 6 days to 18 years, were treated with skeletal expansion, in addition to soft-tissue reduction, for medically refractory obstructive sleep apnea. The underlying diagnoses were craniofacial microsomia (n = 6), Down syndrome (n = 3), Pierre Robin syndrome (n = 3), cerebral palsy (n = 3), Nager's syndrome (n = 1), Treacher Collins syndrome (n = 1), cri du chat syndrome (n = 1), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (n = 1), and temporomandibular joint ankylosis (n = 1). Fourteen children had severe medically refractory sleep apnea and were tracheostomy candidates; in the remaining six, tracheostomies were placed shortly after birth and could not be decannulated. Overnight, 12-channel polysomnography was obtained before and after surgery. The mean apnea index improved from 7.42 to 1.26, the mean respiratory disturbance index improved from 25.24 to 1.72, and the mean lowest apnea-related oxygen saturation improved from 68% to 88%. Of the 14 children with medically refractory obstructive sleep apnea, two required tracheostomies. Of the six patients with tracheostomies, five have been decannulated at the time of this writing. Skeletal expansion in conjunction with soft-tissue reduction in the pediatric population permits substantial increases in the volume of both the nasopharynx and oropharynx. Creative use of conventional osteotomies and the application of distraction osteogenesis have enabled surgeons to apply maxillofacial and craniofacial techniques in treating children with obstructive sleep apnea.
 ...
PMID:Skeletal expansion combined with soft-tissue reduction in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children: physiologic results. 980 73

The prevalence of sleep problems in individuals with intellectual disability (ID) seems to vary between genetic syndromes associated with ID. Different types of sleep disturbances may indicate underlying causes of sleep problems and these types of sleep disturbances may vary between different genetic syndromes. We examined and compared five types of sleep disturbance as well as severity of sleep problems in individuals with Cri du Chat syndrome (CDC), Down's syndrome (DS), Jacobsen syndrome (JS), and individuals with non-specific ID (NS). We used Simonds and Parraga's Sleep Questionnaire (1982) to assess prevalence of types of sleep disturbance and to explore differences in types of sleep disturbance and severity of sleep problems between the four diagnostic groups. In each group, mean scores for Snoring were significantly higher than those for Sleep apnea and Snoring was the most prevalent type of sleep disturbance in CDC, DS, and JS. The mean score on Complaints related to sleep was remarkably high in the JS group. There were no differences in severity of sleep problems between groups. These findings suggest that snoring is an important underlying cause of sleep problems in individuals with CDS, DS, and JS.
 ...
PMID:Exploration of differences in types of sleep disturbance and severity of sleep problems between individuals with Cri du Chat syndrome, Down's syndrome, and Jacobsen syndrome: a case control study. 2269 50