Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0037315 (sleep apnea)
 8,000 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Pituitary Society in conjunction with the European Neuroendocrine Association held a consensus workshop to develop guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of the co-morbid complications of acromegaly. Fifty nine pituitary specialists (endocrinologists, neurosurgeons and cardiologists) assessed the current published literature on acromegaly complications in light of recent advances in maintaining tight therapeutic control of GH hypersecretion. The impact of elevated GH levels on cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, sleep apnea, colon polyps, bone disease, reproductive disorders, and neuropsychologic complications were considered. Guidelines are proposed for effective management of these complications in the context of overall acromegaly control. When appropriate, requirements for prospective evidence-based studies and surveillance database development are enunciated. Effective management of co-morbid acromegaly complications will lead to improved morbidity and mortality in acromegaly.
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PMID:Diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly complications. 1505 79

Craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD) is a genetic craniotubular bone disorder characterized by early progressive hyperostosis and sclerosis of the craniofacial bones, and abnormal modelling of the metaphyses of the tubular bones. We present the case of a patient with a confirmed history of the autosomal dominant form of CMD, associated with symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Examination and imaging studies revealed several unusual features in addition to the common findings of CMD such as: bimaxillary retrusion with hyperostosis of the mental area, severe notching of the external occipital protuberance, huge occipital horn, decreased angle of the mandible with notching of the body and thickening of the areas of muscle attachment, and macrodontia. The literature and differential diagnoses are reviewed.
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PMID:Craniometaphyseal dysplasia associated with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. 1553 82

Acromegaly is characterized by chronic overproduction of growth hormone (GH) that leads to insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and, ultimately, diabetes. The GH-induced sustained stimulation of lipolysis plays a major role not only in the development of insulin resistance and prediabetes/diabetes, but also in the reduction of lipid accumulation, making acromegaly a unique case of severe insulin resistance in the presence of reduced body fat. In the present review, we elucidate the effects of GH hypersecretion on metabolic organs, describing the pathophysiology of impaired glucose tolerance in acromegaly, as well as the impact of acromegaly-specific therapies on glucose metabolism. In addition, we highlight the role of insulin resistance in the development of acromegaly-associated complications such as hypertension, cardiac disease, sleep apnea, polycystic ovaries, bone disease, and cancer. Taken together, insulin resistance is an important metabolic hallmark of acromegaly, which is strongly related to disease activity, the development of comorbidities, and might even impact the response to drugs used in the treatment of acromegaly.
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PMID:Insulin Resistance in Patients With Acromegaly. 3141 93