Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0037116 (silicosis)
 1,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors examined biopsies of the interpleural lymph nodes harvested by mediastinoscopy and hilloscopy in 162 patients (133 males and 29 females). The diagnostic efficiency is very high in sarcoidosis, silicosis and in Hodgkin's disease. In sarcoidosis biopsy is able to indicate the evolutive stage of the disease. In malignant lymphogranulomatosis all the observations belonged to type II of nodular sclerosis. In bronchial carcinoma interpleural lymph node biopsy may be practised with diagnostic purposes or in order to check up operability.
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PMID:The diagnostic value of interpleural lymph node biopsy. 14 36

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and lysozyme (LZM) concentration in 22 silicosis and 18 asbestosis patients were studied. These patients were compared with 57 untreated and 36 treated sarcoidosis patients. In all groups significantly raised ACE and LZM mean values were noted. Untreated sarcoidosis patients had the highest values. Raised ACE activity in silicosis and asbestosis has not been reported before, and weakens the differential diagnostic value of this enzyme determination for sarcoidosis. The similar patterns of increased ACE and LZM mean values in all three diseases suggest that these enzymes have a common source.
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PMID:Angiotensin-converting enzyme and lysozyme in silicosis and asbestosis. 21 79

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity was studied in healthy controls, in 57 untreated sarcoidosis patients, and in 164 patients with other chest or lymph node diseases. The serum ACE activity of healthy persons was independent of sex, intake of meals, and smoking habits. There were no diurnal variations. Healthy children had a significantly higher ACE mean value than adults, whose ACE activity was not affected by age. The sarcoidosis patients had the highest ACE mean values, but those of patients with silicosis and asbestosis were also significantly elevated. Pulmonary cancer patients had decreased serum ACE activity, which was probably due to antimitotic treatment. Serum lysozyme (LZM) concentrations did not correlate with normal ACE activity, but the correlation between elevated ACE and LZM was significant in sarcoidosis and silicosis, and the trend was clearly the same for asbestosis. This indicates separate sources for these enzymes when ACE activity is normal, and a common source, i.e. macrophages, when ACE activity is increased. ACE production in certain diseases involving macrophages may be due to the bradykinin inhibiting effect of this enzyme.
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PMID:Angiotensin-converting enzyme. I. Activity and correlation with serum lysozyme in sarcoidosis, other chest or lymph node diseases and healthy persons. 22 Jul 4

Diagnostics of intrathoracic sarcoidosis in people with an occupational injury or an annoyance of respiratory organs are frequently connected with additional difficulties. The first roentgenological manifestations of a silicosis caused during the period of dry drilling especially in ore metal mining, are frequently bilaterally increased shadows of the hilum without any worth mentioning findings in the parenchyma. The radiograph of diffuse restiform and speckled shadows in people exposed to dust without a sufficient load or in younger age always demands a search for sarcoidosis. Granulomatoses of the lungs caused by organic dusts, berillium and other things may develop difficulties not only in the interpretation of clinical data but also in the bioptic findings for instance after an endoscopic antalgic biopsy of the bronchomucosa. The authors summarize their experiences with the application of bioptic methods (skin biopsy, according to the Kveim-test, scalenobiopsy, explorative thoracotomy) in workers suspected to suffer from a sarcoidosis, who--as to their profession--had been influenced by noxious substances in respect to their lungs. Two typical cases are briefly discussed. The signification of the synopsis of clinico roentgenological, industriohygienical and bioptical data is stressed especially in case of a suspicion on the combination of pneumoconiosis and sarcoidosis.
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PMID:[Bioptic investigations of intrathoracic sarcoidosis in occupationally injured persons (author's transl)]. 60 38

Granulomatous lesions of the lungs and regional bronchopulmonary lymph nodes in laboratory animals which developed spontaneously but were of epidemic nature are described. Stages of the development of pulmonary lymphoepithelioid granulomas and giant cells, the appearance of caseose-like necrosis, and the development of sclerosis of the nodules are observed. The features of sclerosing of the nodules, localization of histiocytes, macrophages, and collagen fibers are similar to those in a silicotic process in the lungs developing upon administration of Si. Micelium of Aspergilli fungus detected in a number of cases is likely to be the cause of the lesion. The nodular process in its early phases can be differentiated from tuberculosis, pseudotuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and in late stages from nodular silicosis and other granulomatous reactions of hypersensitivity of the delayed type.
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PMID:[Granulomatous lesions in the lungs of experimental animals]. 68 98

2276 diagnostic mediastinoscopies were performed and their efficiency was analysed. Except from patients with bronchial carcinomas, in 80% of all cases pathologic findings with diagnostic significance could be found in the lymph-nodes. CARLENS mediastinoscopy proved to be less efficient in the prognostic evaluation of bronchial carcinomas. In 521 patients with bronchial carcinomas only 146 (28%) showed mediastinal lymph-node metastasis detected by mediastinoscopy. But in the remaining 375 cases the operation revealed in 51.5% the occurence of perihilar metastatic lymph-nodes. The most important morphological findings in lymph-nodes and their differentialdiagnostical problems are discussed with reference to sarcoidosis, sarcoid-like reaction, tuberculosis, and silicosis.
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PMID:[Mediastinoscopy--indications, efficiency, and morphologic findings in more than 2250 investigations (author's transl)]. 96 85

In order to study the lung defence mechanisms and the mucociliary transport system scanning electron microscopy was performed on biopsy specimens obtained at bronchoscopy under local anaesthesia. There were great variations in the appearance of the cilitated epithelium from the large bronchi in 40 patients with bronchial carcinoma, sarcoidosis, silicosis, tuberculosis and other lung diseases. Areas with a low frequency of cilia were observed mainly in granulomatous disorders, and in silicosis, atypical cilia occurred abundantly. Squamous metaplasia with a complete loss of cilia was found in chronic bronchitis, bronchial carcinoma, after radiotherapy and in two of seven cases of sarcoidosis. Scanning electron microscopy seems to be an excellent method for studying the surface of the bronchial epithelium in many lung diseases, and may prove to be helpful in occupational medicine.
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PMID:Scanning electron microscopy of the bronchial mucosa in some lung diseases using bronchoscopy specimens. A pilot study including cases of bronchial carcinoma, sarcoidosis, silicosis and tuberculosis. 98 1

During 16 years (1958-1974) 327 open lung biopsies were carried out in the Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Research Institute, the 2md and 3rd Surgical Clinic of Charles University in Prague. A modification of the original Klassen's surgical technique with axillary or submammary approach was used. The patients (160 males, 167 women) were referred for biopsy because of various forms of diffuse pulmonary lesions without established diagnosis. The age of the patients varied from 6-72 years, 27 of them, aged over 60, were operated on nothwithstanding their compromised cardiopulmonary function. In 252 (79%) the definite diagnosis with characteristic histology was obtained, and in 70 (21%) only pulmonary fibrosis without exact specification was evaluated. The definite histologic findings were as follows: 102 (31%) diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (Hamman-Rich), 32 (10%) pulmonary lesions in systemic cardiopulmonary or bronchopulmonary diseases (collagenosis, eosinophilic and other granulomas, Wegener, hemosiderosis, etc.), 42 (13%) pulmonary sarcoidosis, 12 (4%) pulmonary tuberculosis, 45 (14%) pneumoconiosis, mostly silicosis, 24 (7%) neoplastic lesions. Post-operative morbidity of minor importance was 13,5%, mortality 0,3%: One 56 years old woman died 5 days following operation of cardiopulmonary insufficiency. This was an incorrect indication for biopsy based on inadequate evaluation of the patient's initial functional status. The open lung biopsy obtained by minimal thoracotomy is a valuable and well tolerated diagnostic method in cases where diagnosis cannot be obtained with certainty on the base of results of usual investigation procedures.
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PMID:Open lung biopsy. 100 85

The authors report 93 observations during which OCB were performed under local anesthesia. They insist on the validity of the method which can be used on fragile patients or on those with respiratory insufficiency for whom an exploring thoracotomy would be contra-indicated. Incidents were minor and momentary (pneumothorax, pleural reaction). It is mostly in diffuse lesions of miliary and fibrotic nature that this technique was used to identify various lesions : silicosis, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, histiocytosis, etc... In a third of the cases, lesions were not specific and could not be definitely identified in parieto-alveolar fibrosis or inflammatory alveolitis.
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PMID:[Surgical pulmonary biopsy under local anesthesia and its results (based on 93 cases)]. 122 44

The macrophage cells have an essential role in the pathogenesis of silicosis. After the endocytosis of silica grains, the lung macrophage demonstrates an active state, associated with high levels of lysosomal enzymes, expressed also in serum. A similar active state of macrophages is evident in sarcoid lung which manifests also an intensive serum activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme. The angiotensin-converting assay in the serum of 116 silicotic patients revealed over 60 per cent higher levels than in normals. Such increased levels were present more frequently among the patients with early studies of silicosis. In the same patients, the serum acid phosphatase activity, a marker of macrophage activity, and also serum lactate dehydrogenase activity, were higher than in normal individuals. On present evidence, it can be appreciated that increased serum levels of angiotensin-converting activity could be the expression of an active progressive state of silicosis.
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PMID:[The importance of assessing angiotensin-converting activity in silicosis patients]. 133 80


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