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Query: UMLS:C0037116 (silicosis)
 1,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The records of all patients who were examined for silicosis at the Fund of Occupational Diseases between 1972 and 1976 are reviewed. In 3627 cases the mechanographical record was incomplete leaving 40 376 patients in the study. Electrocardiographic signs of chronic cor pulmonale (C.C.P.) were detected in 5.58 per cent. The severity of C.C.P. was evaluated and the prevalence of the different electrocardiographic signs was examined. The presence and severity of C.C.P. was compared to the radiological stage of silicosis, to the pulmonary function, to the duration of professional exposure to the risk of silicosis and to the use of tobacco. The value of the electrocardiographic signs of C.C.P. was evaluated. It is concluded that the mechanographical record obtained in insurance medicine is a valuable tool for statistical analysis of a disease and that C.C.P. is an infrequent and mostly late complication of silicosis.
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PMID:Electrocardiographic signs of chronic cor pulmonale in 40 376 patients with silicosis. 15 45

A cohort study of approximately 68,000 persons employed during 1972 to 1974 at metal mines and pottery factories in south central China was conducted to evaluate mortality from cancer and other diseases among workers exposed to different levels of silica and other dusts. A follow-up of subjects through December 31, 1989 revealed 6,192 deaths, a number close to that expected based on Chinese national mortality rates. There was, however, a nearly 6-fold increase in deaths from pulmonary heart disease (standard mortality ratio, 581; 95% confidence interval 538 to 626), and a 48% excess of mortality from nonmalignant respiratory diseases (standard mortality ratio, 148; 95% confidence interval, 139 to 158), primarily because of a more than 30-fold excess of pneumoconiosis. Pulmonary heart disease and noncancerous respiratory disease rates rose in proportion to dust exposure. Cancer mortality overall was not increased among the miners or pottery workers. There was no increased risk of lung cancer, except among tin miners, and trends in risk of this cancer with increasing level of dust exposure were not significant. Risks of lung cancer were 22% higher among workers with than without silicosis. The findings indicate that respiratory disease continues to be an occupational hazard among Chinese miners and pottery workers, but that cancer risks are not as yet strongly associated with work in these dusty trades.
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PMID:Mortality among dust-exposed Chinese mine and pottery workers. 131 52

The course of acute silicosis usually is relentlessly progressive. Death results from cor pulmonale and respiratory failure, with mycobacterial infection a frequent serious complication. Attempts to treat the illness generally have been unavailing. We report an unusual case of acute silicosis in which improvement in clinical status, chest x-ray film findings and pulmonary function occurred following therapy with corticosteroids. To our knowledge, this is the first such case reported in the medical literature.
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PMID:Acute silicosis responding to corticosteroid therapy. 173 56

A case of accelerated silicosis in a shotblaster in an iron foundry is described. The clinical course was notable for the rapid progression of cor pulmonale and the appearance of clubbing over a period of 2-3 months. Radiographic and pathological features atypical of the more chronic forms of the disease are described. The importance of the occupational history and the need for the strictest respiratory protection in such work are illustrated. Stringent control of this type of operation is urgently needed.
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PMID:Accelerated silicosis in a foundry shotblaster. A case report. 334 Sep 19

The value of measuring the median pressure of the pulmonary artery for the prognosis of silicosis remains undebatable since the development of pulmonary heart disease has multifactorial causes and extreme interindividual variations. On the other side, during the course of silicosis disease, the increase of pressure is relatively small or even absent during years. Thus, measuring of mean pulmonary artery pressure is only required at larger intervals.
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PMID:[Correlation between average pulmonary artery pressure under rest and stress conditions in relation to the stage of silicosis]. 401 8

To investigate the clinical course of patients with silicosis receiving home oxygen therapy (HOT), we compared the clinical data of HOT patients with silicosis and those with other respiratory diseases, and of silicotic patients with HOT and those without HOT in our hospital. In 23 (34.3%) of 68 patients receiving HOT the underlying disease was silicosis. This figure differs from recent official statistics in Japan. In the patients with silicosis, the survival rate was lower than that of those with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases or old pulmonary tuberculosis, but the degree of decrease in PaO2 was smaller, suggesting that the prognosis of silicotic patients may be mainly related to pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale. In silicotic patients, large opacities on chest X-ray were frequently observed in the patients with HOT compared to those without HOT, indicating that the presence of large opacities is an important factor influencing hypoxemia in silicotic patients.
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PMID:[Clinical course of silicotic patients receiving home oxygen therapy]. 831 3

The presence of cor pulmonale at death in relation to other factors such as emphysema, silicosis, and thromboembolism was analysed in a case-control study of 732 South African gold miners. Marked emphysema was the highest risk factor with an odds ratio of 21.32 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 5.02-90.7), then extensive silicosis (OR 4.95, 95% CI 2.92-8.38) and thromboembolic disease (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.37-2.69). Age and smoking were not significant predictors of cor pulmonale.
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PMID:Cor pulmonale and silicosis: a necropsy based case-control study. 832 20

A 1993 study examined the association between pneumoconiosis and cor pulmonale using a computerized data base of hospital records in Ontario (Hospital Medical Records Institute, HMRI). The present investigation was undertaken to confirm the coding of the diagnoses of a subset of the hospital discharges from that study, to determine the validity of the coding of the diagnoses of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), and to identify work exposure (occupation and industry) information available in hospital records. We sent abstraction forms to hospitals for 521 subjects who were hospitalized for pneumoconiosis, cor pulmonale, or both conditions, requesting information regarding diagnoses, occupation and industry data, and X-ray results. Abstracts were received for 720 (76%) of 944 discharges that were sought. The hospital abstractions confirmed the HMRI coding for 90% of the charts with these conditions, including 63%, 97%, and 96% discharges for CWP, silicosis, and asbestosis, respectively. Specific dust exposures were indicated in 42% of the charts with a code indicating a diagnosis of CWP, and of these, 67% indicated exposure to coal dust. Of charts with a code indicating a diagnosis of silicosis, 73% with specific dust information indicated silica exposure, and 95% of those for asbestosis indicated exposure to asbestos. Of 34 individuals in this data set known from the Ministry of Labour's Chest Clinic X-ray Surveillance Program of miners to have silicosis, 33 (97%) were diagnosed by the hospitals as having pneumoconiosis, and all but two were silicosis. Hospital records, as reflected by HMRI data, are reliable indicators of cor pulmonale and pneumoconiosis. The agreement with the Chest Clinic's X-ray diagnoses provides additional objective confirmation of the accuracy of the hospital information. There were relatively few cases of silicosis miscoded as CWP. At least for pneumoconioses, hospital records contained information about the exposures that led to these diseases in approximately 50% of the cases. However, whether hospital records would prove useful for detecting other work-related conditions that are not pathognomonic of occupation is not known. The importance of taking occupational histories needs continued emphasis in medical education and training.
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PMID:Hospital records: an underutilized source of information regarding occupational diseases and exposures. 898 61

Inhalation of dusts is an important cause of interstitial lung disease in the tropical countries such as India. While dusts of organic origin, such as the cotton dust causing byssinosis, generally cause bronchial or bronchiolar involvement and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, inorganic metallic dusts cause progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Silicosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis, and asbestosis are the three most commonly recognized forms of pneumoconiotic pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis is an important complication seen in up to 50% of patients of silicosis in some reports from India. The presentation is generally chronic, although acute and accelerated forms of silicosis are known when the exposures are heavy. Breathlessness, dry cough, and general constitutional symptoms are commonly seen. Patients with silicotuberculosis or other forms of infection may also have significant expectoration, hemoptysis, fever, and rapid progression. Respiratory failure and chronic cor pulmonale occur in the later stages. The diagnosis is easily established if the occupational history is available. Dense nodular opacities on chest roentgenograms, which may be large in patients with massive pulmonary fibrosis, are characteristic. Emphysematous changes generally appear in advanced stages or in patients who smoke. Bronchoalveolar lavage and/or lung biopsy may occasionally be required to establish or exclude other causes of interstitial lung disease. Treatment is largely palliative, although a variety of drugs including corticosteroids and procedures such as whole lung lavage have been tried. None of these methods has yet been found successful in the treatment. Preventive safety steps, including removal of the patient from the site of exposure, are the only effective strategies to control disease progression.
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PMID:Dust-induced interstitial lung disease in the tropics. 1158 75

Silicosis is an occupational lung disease caused by inhalation of crystalline silica. People working in occupations like sandblasting, surface drilling, tunneling, silica flour milling, ceramic making, and so forth are predisposed to develop silicosis. Crystalline forms of silica are more fibrogenic than the amorphous forms, highlighting the importance of the physical form in pathogenesis. Lung biopsy is rarely performed for the diagnosis of silicosis as it can easily be detected by occupational history and radiological features. Patients with silicosis can develop complications like tuberculosis, lung cancer, progressive massive fibrosis, cor pulmonale, broncholithiasis, or tracheobronchial compression by lymph nodes. Pleural involvement in silicosis is rare. Spontaneous pneumothorax is a pleural complication that can develop in such patients. Usually in silicosis pneumothorax is unilateral. We hereby report the lung biopsy findings and discuss the mechanism of pneumothorax development in a case of chronic silicosis who, later on died during the course of the disease.
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PMID:Bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax in chronic silicosis: a case report. 2474 38


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