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Query: UMLS:C0037116 (silicosis)
 1,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The results of pulmonary function tests in patients with silicosis, pneumoconiosis in coal miners and arc welders, asbestosis, as well as in persons exposed to asbestos without abnormal x-ray findings of the chest, and in nonexposed healthy control persons and the development after 6 years are compared between each other and with the x-ray findings. There are significant differences between the several groups. There is no correlation (parallelism) between increase of lung function impairment and progression of x-ray findings.
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PMID:Lung function in different types of pneumoconiosis. 392 50

Diagnosis of pneumoconiosis was made in 2 dental technicians presenting with interstitial lung disease. The occupational origin of inhaled dust was confirmed by mineralogic analyses, which disclosed mainly large amounts of chromium-cobalt-molybdenum particles originating from Vitallium prostheses, but also showed abrasives (silica and silicon carbide) and asbestos in 1 patient. The presence of Vitallium and its chemical stability in bronchoalveolar lavage and lung several years after cessation of exposure confirm the resistance of this alloy to corrosion by body fluids. This contrasts with the high solubility of cobalt described in cobalt or hard metal disease. We suggest that dental technician's pneumoconiosis is a complex pneumoconiosis distinct from silicosis, asbestosis, or hard metal disease and that Cr-Co-Mo alloys play a role in its pathogenesis.
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PMID:Dental technician's pneumoconiosis. A report of two cases. 394 27

Among approximately 4,700 cases reported to the Swedish Pneumoconiosis Registry in the period 1931 through 1980 were 53 cases of women with silicosis, 42 of whom had worked in the ceramic industry. In a follow-up investigation, the women who had contracted silicosis in pottery-forming shops were compared with silicotic men whose occupational history was similar. Age, stage of silicosis at the time of diagnosis, and mortality rates, were by and large the same for men and women, as was tuberculosis incidence. The prediagnosis duration of exposure to dust, however, was significantly shorter for the women, (20.5 +/- 8.6 yr) than for the men (28 +/- 10.1 yr) (p less than .001), and roentgenographic evidence of progression of the lesions was more pronounced in the women. No conclusive explanation of this difference was demonstrable.
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PMID:Silicosis in women. Experience from the Swedish Pneumoconiosis Register. 400 4

Migrant workers known in Japanese as "dekasegi" refer to workers who migrate seasonally from their town of residence to areas where work is readily available. The eastern part of Toyama Prefecture is well known as a source of migrant workers who engage in jobs associated with dust exposure such as tunnel projects. Most of these workers suffered from silicosis. A total of 695 migrant workers suffering from silicosis who had underwent health screening between 1977 and 1982 were followed until the end of 1983. For cases of death, the cause and date of death were individually confirmed on the basis of death certificates. Based on these data, the person-years of risk and cause-specific mortality rates were calculated. The mean person-years of risk per person was 4.7. During this period of observation, there were 75 deaths among these silicosis patients, giving a mortality rate of 23.0 per 1,000 person-years of risk. When classified by the Japanese roentgenographic category of pneumoconiosis, the mortality rate was 10.5 for category 1, 21.3 for category 2, 38.6 for category 3 and 49.3 for category 4. The mortality rates of categories 3 and 4 were significantly higher than those of categories 1 and 2. The highest cause-specific mortality rate among silicosis patients per 1,000 person-years was 5.2 for malignant neoplasms followed by 3.7 for pulmonary tuberculosis, 3.1 for both cardiovascular diseases and pneumoconiosis, and 2.8 for pneumonia and bronchitis. High mortality rates in the 50-69 age group were found among silicosis patients belonging to categories 3 and 4. By cause of death, the mortality rates of all malignant neoplasms (especially lung cancer), pulmonary tuberculosis, and cerebrovascular diseases were relatively high in this age group. In the 70-89 age group, the mortality rate of those belonging to categories 2, 3 and 4 was high and by cause of death the mortality rates of pneumoconiosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, all malignant neoplasms (especially lung cancer), cardiovascular diseases and pneumonia and bronchitis were high. The mortality rates of silicosis patients with abnormal findings in %VC, FEV1% and AaDO2 by pulmonary function tests tended to be higher than those of silicosis patients without such abnormalities.
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PMID:[Mortality of silicosis patients among migrant workers]. 408 2

In Switzerland, the first cases of silicosis were recorded by Zangger in 1900. Since 1930, patients with silicosis have been provided with certain services by the "Caisse Nationale Suisse d'Assurances" (i.e. Swiss National Insurance Fund), an organization enforcing the Occupational Accidents and Diseases Bill. However, it took another two years before an effectively organized struggle against silicosis was started. Eventually, by 1938, this specific pneumoconiosis was acknowledged as an occupational disease under Swiss Law. Thus, the CNSA has been concerned with this disease for half a century, and it seems relevant now to take stock of the situation. From 1930 to late 1980, 9690 cases of silicosis were accepted by the CNSA. Nearly one half (46%) of these silicotic patients were still alive on December 31, 1980; another third had died of silicosis and the rest of other affections not related The origin of cases has remained remarkably constant over the course of time. Underground working and the stone-working industry account for the majority of cases (70%), followed by smelting works (16%) and the ceramic industry (5%). The remaining 9% are due to various causes. Silicosis hazards have declined but still remain real. In late 1980, 1287 companies in Switzerland were being monitored from this standpoint. More than two-thirds (67%) belong to the stone-working industry (even though only 30% of hazard-exposed workers are employed in this sector), 10% are involved in underground work (10% of hazard-exposed workers), 10% are smelting industries (36% exposed) and 6% belong to the ceramic industry (17% exposed). Since 1950, the number of hazard-exposed people has fluctuated between relatively narrow limits (i.e. 15,000 and 20,000). Corresponding figures for previous periods are not known. Some facts indicate that silicosis is becoming less problematic: a) The annual incidence rate of silicosis in Switzerland has evolved in three distinct phases. From 1930 to 1940 the number of new cases recorded each year rose regularly. From 1940 to the late 1960s, the incidence levelled off (200-300 cases yearly); then, from 1974, it dropped rather sharply and less than 100 new cases have been recorded yearly since 1978 (97 in 1978, 69 in 1979 and 68 in 1980). b) The average age at diagnosis of silicosis has regularly increased. Until 1940, the average age of recorded silicotic patients was about 40. The threshold of 50 years was reached between 1953 and 1957. More recently (between 1978 and 1980) the corresponding figure was 68.2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Silicosis in Switzerland. A half century of observation. The physician's viewpoint]. 622 75

This study was carried out between 1973 and 1982 on the proportional mortality by lung cancer of a group of workers living either in Brussells or in Wallonia and receiving compensation for silicosis or anthrasilicosis. The majority of patients suffered from anthrasilicosis (more than 96%) and had been exposed to the risk of pneumoconiosis in one of the four coal fields in Wallonia. If, in 13,822 deaths studied the proportional mortality from lung cancer had grown by 0.56% per year reaching 3.7% in 1973 and 9.3% in 1982, it remained below that for a similar Belgian population matched for age and sex. No correlation could be found between the occurrence of this tumour and one or other radiological category as defined by the international classification of pneumoconiosis in 1980. In addition the severity of pneumoconiosis, either from a radiological or functional view, hardly had any influence on the genesis of lung cancer. Finally, the localisation of the tumour and the different histological types do not differ from that reported in the literature among the general population. On the other hand a significant rise in proportional mortality from lung cancer between 1973 and 1982 (p less than 0.001) seemed to be related to two factors, smoking habitis (89.1% of subjects dying from lung cancer were smokers at the moment of death against 68.5% of smokers among other causes of death), and above all the progressive aging of the population of pneumoconioties receiving compensation, the cross section 50-69 rose from 53.17% in 1973 to 73.8% in 1982.
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PMID:[Bronchial cancer in anthracosilicosis and silicosis. Study of workers in coal fields in Wallonia]. 624 30

An unusual case of silicosis is described in a worker who inhaled the dust of pure silica while working in a sandstone quarry. The exposure lasted only eight years. In 1980, 45 years after exposure ceased, severe clinical manifestations of silicosis appeared for the first time. The chest X-ray showed a pneumoconiosis A 2mn/A2 Mn Cor, em, hilus, based on the International Classification of Geneva, 1958. A diagnosis of sandstone pneumoconiosis was made. The case is one further example of late-occurring disease appearing after a latency of several decades.
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PMID:Delayed onset sandstone pneumoconiosis: a case report. 629 42

The cytological characteristics of broncho-alveolar fluid were studied in 94 coal workers and six subjects exposed to varied risks of silicosis. In coal worker's pneumoconiosis with the usual micronodular or nodular type, there was a significant increase in the cellularity of the peripheral airways compared to non-exposed controls, making allowances for smoking habits. There were no striking changes in the white cell count nor any correlation with the possible elevation in the serum angiotensin I-enzyme conversion level. On the other hand a striking elevation of the alveolar lymphocyte count was noted in three cases with rapidly developing silicosis. Where there was the co-existence of another disorder (connective tissue disorders, sarcoid, extrinsic allergic alveolitis, radiation lung or diffuse interstitial fibrosis) the anomalies noted were those occurring during the progress of the associated disease. At the time of collection the alveolar macrophages in the dust exposed subjects showed a similar vitality to these observed in control subjects. After 24 hours of observation " in vitro ", the vitality of the cells and their phagocytic and bactericidal activity was markedly diminished.
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PMID:[Bronchoalveolar lavage in pneumoconiosis of coal miners. Cytologic aspects]. 630 32

Cohort studies in three American asbestos factories were undertaken to investigate the effect of fibre type and manufacturing process on lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis. Reports have been published on a chrysotile textile plant in South Carolina and a mainly textile plant in Pennsylvania, which also used amphiboles. In the third plant in Connecticut friction products and packings were made from chrysotile only. In a cohort of 3641 men employed for one month or more, 1938-58, 3513 (96.5%) were traced, 1267 (36%) had died, and death certificates were obtained for 1228 (96.9%). Individual exposures were estimated (in mcpf . years) from impinger measurements. Life table analyses using Connecticut mortality rates gave an SMR for all causes of 108.5 (USA 107.9). The SMR (all causes) for men who had worked for less than a year was 129.9 and for those who had worked for a year or more, 101.2. The equivalent SMRs for respiratory cancer were 167.4 and 136.7 respectively. Excluding men who had worked for less than a year, there was possible evidence of some increase in risk of lung cancer with increasing exposure, supported also by a "log-rank" (case-control) analysis, of the same order as that observed in chrysotile mining and milling. These findings may be compared with chrysotile textile manufacture where the risk of lung cancer was some 50-fold greater. It is suggested that the differences in risk are perhaps related to the higher proportion of submicroscopic fibres in textile manufacture that may result from the traumatic carding , spinning, and weaving processes. No case of mesothelioma was found, consistent with a much lower risk of this tumour with chrysotile than with amphiboles. Twelve deaths (nine in men with very short and low asbestos exposure) were given ICD code 523 (pneumoconiosis); all but two were ascribed to anthracosilicosis or silicosis and none to asbestosis.
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PMID:Dust exposure and mortality in an American chrysotile asbestos friction products plant. 632 94

The history of pneumoconiosis research in Switzerland from the 16th century to the present day is briefly summarized. The concerns and aims of a silicosis research group founded at the end of World War II by faculty members of Zurich University, Federal Institute of Technology (ETHZ) and by the SUVA (Swiss national accident insurance) are presented. The salient results of interdisciplinary research on the pathogenicity of particle size and fibrogenicity of various mineral and non-mineral dusts are discussed, and related questions of cancer epidemiology are considered.
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PMID:[Pneumoconiosis research in Switzerland in the past and today]. 636 39


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