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Query: UMLS:C0037116 (silicosis)
 1,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cancer incidence and cause-specific mortality were studied in a male cohort of 94 talc miners and 295 talc millers, exposed to non-asbestiform talc with low quartz content. No excess risk was found compared with national age-specific incidence. Six cases of lung cancer occurred versus 6.49 expected (miners: observed 2, expected 1.27; millers: observed 4, expected 5.22). There were 3 deaths due to non-malignant respiratory disease against 10.9 expected (miners: observed 1, expected 2.5; millers: observed 2, expected 8.4). Mesothelioma, tuberculosis, or pneumoconiosis were not recorded as causes of death. Pneumoconiosis was noted as a contributory cause in three cases (silicosis two, talcosis one). Further follow-up will reduce any potential impact of "healthy worker" selection.
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PMID:Morbidity and mortality in talc-exposed workers. 232 17

Pneumoconiosis is not reported in food industry workers, and more specifically in the confectionery industry. We diagnosed diffuse pulmonary interstitial nodular fibrosis due to inhalation of powder containing quartz in a 54 year-old asymptomatic woman. Silicosis was due to a 5-year period of talc dust exposure 35 years earlier in the confectionery industry. The diagnosis was supported by a history of exposure, transbronchial lung biopsy specimen, 67Gallium scan, and CT scan. Our patient had an unusual history of exposure, which was not readily disclosed until the patient's memories, and after consultation with an expert in confectionery techniques, indicated she had been exposed to talc powder during her employment in the confectionery industry.
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PMID:Pneumoconiosis (silicosis) in the confectionery industry. 234 25

A survey of 762 New Jersey physicians showed that 35% reported seeing patients with either asbestosis, coal worker's pneumoconiosis, occupational asthma or silicosis. Three to four times as many patients with these diagnoses were seen as outpatients as were hospitalized. The implications of these results in using hospital discharge data for occupational disease surveillance are discussed.
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PMID:Surveillance of occupational lung disease: comparison of hospital discharge data to physician reporting. 240 39

The article presents medical examination and clinical data on 117 cases of silicosis, anthracosilicosis, electric welder's pneumoconiosis and dust bronchitis. Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures were performed with due account of generally accepted resort treatment recommendations. The data obtained served as a basis for determining the role of different symptoms and results of complimentary medical, including immunologic, techniques, as well as for objective assessment of the effectiveness of resort treatment of occupational diseases.
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PMID:[An objective assessment of the criteria of the efficacy of sanatorium treatment in patients with occupational lung diseases]. 253 9

This study was initiated by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Bureau of Mines (BOM) to determine the prevalence and pathological features of silicosis in coal miners. The population base was 3,365 autopsied underground miners whose records were submitted to the U.S. National Coal Workers' Autopsy Study between 1971 and 1980. This program is voluntary and covers an estimated 10% of all coal workers who die. The mean age at death of the population was 62 years, of whom 75% were current or ex-smokers at the time of death. The average work tenure was 26 years. Lung sections from all cases were reviewed and the type and severity of pneumoconiosis documented. These findings were correlated with years of mining, job history, and geographic location of mine. Classical silicotic nodules were found in 12.5% of the population. There was a significant relationship between length of underground mining and prevalence and severity of silicosis consistent with a dose-response effect. The study also showed that job category and geographic location of the mine were important determinants of silicosis prevalence and that silicosis was strongly associated with higher categories of coal workers' pneumoconiosis.
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PMID:Prevalence of silicosis at death in underground coal miners. 259 84

38 cases of pneumoconiotic pathologic slides have been reexamined by polarized microscopy, among this, 3 cases (every 1 case of silicosis, asbestosis, cement dusts pneumoconiosis) have investigated by analytic electron microscopy. Authors presented, crystal silica and asbestos fiber may be showing under polarized light, and often associated with carbon dusts or fibrotic proliferation. So that, polarized microscopy may be as a preliminary detect method for silica and uncoated asbestos fiber from histologic slide, according to its dimension, color, lightness, morphologic feature and position were differential diagnosis from other positive substance under routine pathologic examination, further demonstration must to be reduced to ashes and re-observation under polarized microscopy. Also we selected 3 cases of silicosis, asbestosis, cement dusts pneumoconiosis specimen prepared to ultramicrotomic slides and examined by H-800 electron microscopy, when discovered some particles (such as crystal, non-crystal or fibrotic dusts) in cytoplasm of macrophages or interstitial space then used EDAX estimated. Its elements distribution were conformity with dusts (silica, asbestos, cement dusts).
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PMID:[Application of polarized microscopy and analytic electron microscopy in pneumoconiotic pathologic examination]. 279 Nov 25

The paper is concerned with the results of roentgenofunctional investigation of 293 miners, among them there were 63 patients with dust bronchitis and 230 patients with the main types of dust disease (anthracosis, silicosis and anthracosilicosis). Two-stage roentgenopneumopolygraphy (RPPG) with a chess grid and spiral pneumoroentgenography (SPRG) with a spiral grid were employed. Respiratory dysfunction in patients with pneumoconiosis depended on an x-ray and morphological type of fibrosis and stage of disease rather than on its type. The formation of zones of emphysematous inflation in the apical area, in the upper and middle regions of the lungs was revealed, however signs of basal emphysema were ++undetectable. Analysis of RPPG and SPRG findings has shown that unlike pneumoconiosis, dust bronchitis is characterized by earlier development of respiratory dysfunction of more noticeable type, particularly in early signs of disease.
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PMID:[Experience with the roentgenodiagnosis of disturbances of respiratory function in coal miners]. 280 Mar 15

A state-based surveillance system has identified 401 individuals with the diagnosis of silicosis for the years 1979 through 1987. The individuals identified were generally older men who began work before 1960 and had worked for 15 years or more in potteries, construction, foundries, or sand mines. Follow-up inspections at the identified companies indicated ongoing poorly controlled exposure to silica. Difficulties in distinguishing coal worker's pneumoconiosis from silicosis and inadequate attention to tuberculosis by the treating physicians were noted. Few workers applied for workers' compensation. Extrapolation of our results to the whole country suggests that the current national surveillance system for occupational illnesses markedly underestimates the true occurrence of silicosis.
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PMID:Does silicosis still occur? 234 13

The pneumoconioses, interstitial lung disorders resulting from the inhalation of inorganic dusts, are associated with chronic inflammatory processes in the lower respiratory tract. To characterize these inflammatory processes in relation to the pathogenesis of these disorders, we studied 39 nonsmoking individuals with long-term occupational exposures to inorganic dust and functional evidence of interstitial disease (asbestosis, n = 18; coal workers' pneumoconiosis, n = 15; silicosis, n = 6). In all 3 disorders, the inflammation was dominated by alveolar macrophages. Because a common feature of these interstitial lung diseases is concurrent injury and fibrosis of alveolar walls, we assessed whether these alveolar macrophages were spontaneously releasing mediators capable of giving rise to these changes. Alveolar macrophages from the study population were spontaneously releasing increased amounts of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide (both p less than 0.01 compared to normals), oxidants capable of injuring lung parenchymal cells. The alveolar macrophages were also spontaneously releasing significantly increased amounts of fibronectin and alveolar macrophage-derived growth factor (both p less than 0.01 compared to normals), mediators that act synergistically to signal fibroblast replication. Taken together, these findings define a major role for the alveolar macrophage in mediating the alveolar wall injury and fibrosis that characterize the common pneumoconioses and suggest that the alveolar macrophage is an important "target" for developing strategies designed to prevent loss of lung function in these individuals.
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PMID:Characterization of the lower respiratory tract inflammation of nonsmoking individuals with interstitial lung disease associated with chronic inhalation of inorganic dusts. 282 69

An environmental and medical survey was undertaken in the slate-pencil industry in the central part of India. The industrial hygiene survey revealed that concentrations of free silica dust were very high. The medical survey, involving 593 workers, revealed that the prevalence of silicosis in this industry was 54.6%. Of these, 17.7% of workers had conglomerate silicosis (progressive massive fibrosis, PMF). The radiologic appearance of simple and conglomerate silicosis resembled closely the simple pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) among other occupational groups exposed to free silica and also found in coal workers. The pulmonary lesions were detectable after a relatively short duration of exposure. The short latent period of development and the high prevalence of silicosis observed among these workers are related to exposure to high concentrations of siliceous dust in the work environment.
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PMID:Silicosis in slate pencil workers: I. An environmental and medical study. 299 38


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