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Query: UMLS:C0037116 (silicosis)
 1,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 192 patients with silicosis the results of the cardiac micro-catheterisation under conditions of rest were compared with those ones of a secondary examination performed two years later. This allows conclusions to the behaviour of the pressure values measured in the period observed as well as to the evidence of an individual cardiac micro-catheterisation. No essential increase of the mean pressure of the pulmonary artery was observed. The dispersion of an individual measurement is 3 Torr. A pulmonary hypertension, which is given from 20 Torr upwards, consequently may be established with a 95% statistical certainty only from an individual measuring value of 26 Torr.
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PMID:[Evaluation of measurement accuracy in microcatheterization of the heart]. 64 49

The aim of our prospective multicentric study was to develop a screening method for pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic lung diseases. We investigated 710 patients in 10 hospitals: 315 males and 109 females with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 286 males with silicosis. Manifest pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary artery pressure greater than 20 mmHg (2.7 kPa) at rest. The multivariate statistical method used was a stepwise discriminant analysis. In males with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the diameter of the right descending pulmonary artery, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) at rest, and age turned out to be relevant for discrimination of groups with and without manifest pulmonary hypertension. For females the FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity) ratio replaced the absolute value of FEV1 in the calculated discriminant function. In females, sensitivity and specificity were below 80%. In males, both were distinctly above 80%. In silicosis, the diameter of the right descending pulmonary artery was much less important, since it could frequently not be measured precisely. In these cases, precision of the prediction of about 80% could only be obtained by combined evaluation of spirometry, PaO2 during exercise, and body plethysmography. The calculated discriminant functions are appropriate for screening patients with risk of pulmonary hypertension. For different chronic lung diseases, and for both sexes, different combinations of parameters are relevant. The method is recommended to select patients who should undergo an invasive examination of pulmonary haemodynamics.
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PMID:Screening of pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and silicosis by discriminant functions. 156 3

The retrospective evaluation of 472 judgements of professional disease in persons exposed to dusts showed that all observed restrictions of cardio-pulmonary function (obstructive lung disease, increase of residual volume, respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension) occurred almost independently from the presence and stage of silicosis, but correlated first of all with the duration of exposure. Frequency and degree of functional disorders in exposed persons without radiologically demonstrable silicosis indicate that the fraction of nonspecific dusts, which is by far larger than the SiO2-fraction, produces chronic obstructive lung disease and its sequelae (emphysema, pulmonary hypertension). The term "pneumoconiosis" should therefore be used in a much broader sense than hitherto. This leads to considerations of the present practice of judgement on silicosis which are presented and discussed in detail.
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PMID:[Interpretation of pneumoconiosis--results of cardiopulmonary function tests in dust-exposed patients with and without silicosis]. 401 1

Lung function measurements in 472 dust-exposed workers have shown, that bronchial obstructions prevail, irrespective of the occurrence and severity of silicosis. Severe obstructions were growing more frequent with increasing duration of exposure. The incidence rate of arterial hypoxia at rest also increased with increasing duration of exposure. Regardless of the duration of exposure to dust there was pulmonary hypertension at rest in about 15 per cent of the patients examined. It is not unlikely that a correlation exists between the duration of exposure and the incidence rate of exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension (in about 40 per cent), in which arterial hypoxia concerning the functional aspect of increasing precapillary resistance (Euler-Liljestrand mechanism) seems to be of paramount significance.
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PMID:[Pulmonary function in persons endangered by long-term exposure to dust]. 631 75

The following study was undertaken as a contribution to a therapeutic programme of pulmonary hypertension. The existence of a functional vascular component in patients suffering from silicosis complicated by chronic latent or manifest pulmonary hypertension has to be assumed. In these cases a therapeutic influence of aminophylline could be observed. The influence of repeated exercise was discerned by means of control group. Furthermore the importance of a rapid analysis of drug serum concentration during investigation by means of high pressure liquid chromatography could be demonstrated.
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PMID:[Effect of aminophylline on pulmonary hypertension]. 643 20

Sixty patients with silicosis were examined by right heart catheterization and lung function tests during 1958-1966. In the 12-20 years follow-up the information was received of 57 patients (95%). 38 patients died (66.6%), 26 of them of the sequelae of silicosis. The death rate and the length of survival are related to mean pulmonary artery pressure, pressure gradient across pulmonary vascular bed, pulmonary vascular bed, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), vital capacity (VC) and forced expiratory volume (FEV). 12-year mortality in patients with pulmonary hypertension at rest was 81.3%, in contrast to 40.2% in the other patients. No patient with PVR higher than 2.55 u. survived. No patients with SaO2 lower than 89% survived 10 years. Patients with VC higher than 4000 ml at the initial examination are still living. By the method of discriminating analysis 2 main factors determining the prognosis were identified: pulmonary artery pressure and FEV 1".
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PMID:Long-term prognosis of pulmonary hypertension in silicosis. 744 92

The possibility of early detection of pulmonary hypertension is rather late according to the large capacity of the lung vessels in the condition of rest. Consequently the parameters of the pulmonary circulation were measured in 89 healthy subjects and 261 men suffering from silicosis in rest and bicycle exercise by means of the microcatheter technique and statistically compared with other parameters of lung function. In conclusion it can be said there is a statistical correlation between pressure at rest and during exercise conditions, but this is not available in an individual case. Furthermore the pressure values of persons suffering from silicosis are higher than those of the healthy group at rest and the pressure rise is higher in the ill group during exercise. Statistically there is a slight correlation between the pressure behavior and the FEV1, Rtot, PO2, DCO and of minor importance to VC, RC and FRC.
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PMID:[Problems of early detection of latent pulmonary hypertension--the value of ergometric tests and the correlation between pulmonary circulation and parameters of lung function (author's transl)]. 745 12

Twenty-six coal miners, without associated functional chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD), assessed by normal airway resistance, were divided into three groups: (1) Group C, normal X-ray; (2) Group S1, micronodular silicosis; and (3) Group S2, complicated silicosis. All subjects were evaluated while at rest and during exercise. Significant lung volume reduction was observed in the S2 Group only. Blood gases, pulmonary pressure, and cardiac output were found to be within the normal range for all three groups when at rest. The pulmonary pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance were higher, however, for the S1 and S2 Groups when compared to the C Group. During exercise, pulmonary hypertension was observed in 50% of teh patients with complicated silicosis. When all data (N = 26) were included, the high values for pulmonary pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance correlated well with the loss in vital capacity (VC) and the decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV 1.0). From the initial 26 patients, 19 were selected on the basis of their normal airway resistance and FEV 1.0/VC ratio. This selection did not alter the differences noted for the pulmonary pressure and total pulmonary vascular resistance, which previously existed between the groups, even though the correlations were not statistically significant. We conclude that silicosis without associated COLD leads to mineral hemodynamic impairment at rest and during exercise, and that airway resistance does not detect impairment of flow as effectively as FEV 1.0 reduction. The increased pulmonary vascular resistance observed, especially in complicated silicosis, may be best explained by the loss of lung parenchyma and possible impairment of small airways.
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PMID:Cardiopulmonary adaptation to exercise in coal miners. 745 18

Hospital discharge data from Michigan for the years 1990 and 1991 were used to examine potential associations between pneumoconiosis and pulmonary hypertension, lung cancer, obstructive lung disease, and connective tissue disease among both men and women. Lung cancer, pulmonary hypertension, and obstructive lung disease were associated with coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Pulmonary hypertension and obstructive lung disease were associated with asbestosis and silicosis. Rheumatoid arthritis was associated with silicosis. The potential is suggested that misdiagnosis is the cause of the association between lung cancer and coal workers' pneumoconiosis.
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PMID:Pneumoconiosis and associated medical conditions. 790 Jul 28

To investigate the clinical course of patients with silicosis receiving home oxygen therapy (HOT), we compared the clinical data of HOT patients with silicosis and those with other respiratory diseases, and of silicotic patients with HOT and those without HOT in our hospital. In 23 (34.3%) of 68 patients receiving HOT the underlying disease was silicosis. This figure differs from recent official statistics in Japan. In the patients with silicosis, the survival rate was lower than that of those with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases or old pulmonary tuberculosis, but the degree of decrease in PaO2 was smaller, suggesting that the prognosis of silicotic patients may be mainly related to pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale. In silicotic patients, large opacities on chest X-ray were frequently observed in the patients with HOT compared to those without HOT, indicating that the presence of large opacities is an important factor influencing hypoxemia in silicotic patients.
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PMID:[Clinical course of silicotic patients receiving home oxygen therapy]. 831 3


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