Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0037116 (silicosis)
 1,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Scleroderma-like diseases can be induced by a number of chemical compounds, such as plastics, solvents and drugs. Contaminated rapeseed oil was the cause of the toxic oil syndrome and L-tryptophan induces the so-called eosinophilia-myalgia-syndrome. On the other hand, paraffin and silicon can trigger so-called adjuvant disease, while long-term exposure to silica can lead to idiopathic scleroderma (associated with silicosis in some cases). In addition to the clinical features, some pathogenetic data in the literature, such as genetic factors (HLA, chromosomal anomalies, enzyme deficiencies) and the metabolism of chlorinated ethylenes via reactive epoxide intermediate products, and our own findings are reported. Silica-induced scleroderma cannot be distinguished from the idiopathic form by epidemiological, clinical or immunological studies or by parameters referring to the blood vessels or collagen metabolism. In cell culture studies it has been shown that macrophages/monocytes release IL1, IL6 and TNF after ingestion of silica, which affects fibroblasts, T-helper cells and endothelial cells. Comparative results from the silicosis literature are reported. Finally, the possibly stimulating role of ionizing irradiation (uranium mining) in favouring the development of scleroderma is discussed.
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PMID:[Chemically-induced scleroderma]. 150 11

A study was carried out to determine the health effects of rice husk dust in Malaysian rice millers. The study population consisted of 122 male Malay workers from three rice mills, with 42 controls of similar age, sex, ethnic group, and agricultural work background. Interviews using standardised questionnaires, physical examination, total and differential white cell counts, chest radiographs, and lung function tests were performed on each of the millers and the controls. Environmental dust monitoring was also carried out in the three rice mills. Clinical, haematological, and radiological findings suggest that a distinct clinical syndrome seems to be associated with exposure to rice husk dust. The manifestations of this "rice millers' syndrome" include acute and chronic irritant effects affecting the eyes, skin, and upper respiratory tract; allergic responses such as nasal catarrh, tightness of chest, asthma, and eosinophilia; and radiological opacities in the chest, probably representing early silicosis or extrinsic allergic alveolitis.
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PMID:Rice millers' syndrome: a preliminary report. 649 8

The efficacy of beclomethasone dipropionate (CAS 5534-09-8, BDP, beclomethasone) inhalation therapy over the course of 12 months were evaluated in 42 patients with established chronic silicosis. Their pulmonary functions were monitored every 3 months and volume of sputum production was established daily. Subjects were divided randomly into two groups; 21 patients (BDP group) were treated with BDP (400 micrograms/day) by way of a metered-dose inhaler, while the 21 controls did not receive the BDP inhalation therapy. Although FVC (forced vital capacity), FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s), MMEF (maximal mean expiratory flow) and arterial blood oxygen tension did not improve significantly, sputum production significantly decreased in the BDP group. The patients who responded most dramatically to the treatment presented with sputum eosinophilia and elevated serum IgE levels prior to therapy. Pulmonary tuberculosis or exacerbation of chronic airway infection was not observed in any of the patients. These results suggest that corticosteroid inhalation therapy is helpful in the management of chronic silicosis, especially in patients with sputum eosinophilia. Positive atopic factors may be related to the pathogenesis of eosinophilic bronchitis, a complication of chronic silicosis.
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PMID:Effect of beclomethasone dipropionate inhalation on eosinophilic bronchitis in patients with silicosis. 945 Jan 66