Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0037116 (silicosis)
 1,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The incidence of scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) was found to be increased in a population of black men who were gold miners. Ten men with scleroderma were detected during a five-year period. The annual incidence of the disease in this population in the group aged 33 to 57 years was estimated to be 81.8 per million. All of the men with scleroderma had disturbances of pulmonary function which were not present in a control group of silica-dust-exposed men without scleroderma. Not all of the subjects with scleroderma had silicosis, but all had been occupationally exposed to silica dust. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of tuberculosis in the past in the group with scleroderma, compared with a group of men with silicosis from the same population. The nature of the association of tuberculosis with scleroderma has not been defined.
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PMID:Silica-dust-exposed mine workers with scleroderma (systemic sclerosis). 303 76

Weibel divided the pulmonary interstitium into three compartments: axial, parenchymal, and peripheral. Heitzman and others have shown that certain interstitial diseases selectively involve these compartments. A model is proposed of the CT appearances in interstitial lung disease based on Weibel's divisions. To assess the validity of this model, the distribution of disease was studied in 44 patients with proven interstitial lung disease. Lymphangitic carcinomatosis (n = 5), lymphoma (n = 2), and sarcoid in two of three patients typically involved the axial compartment. The middle (or parenchymal) compartment was abnormal in advanced stages of many interstitial diseases, particularly granulomatous diseases and drug toxicity (n = 2) in this series, but diffuse changes were seen early in extrinsic allergic alveolitis (n = 4). The peripheral compartment was predominantly affected in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (n = 9), rheumatoid lung (n = 3), and scleroderma (n = 1). Prominent nodularity was a feature of lymphangitic carcinomatosis and of the granulomatous diseases, silicosis and sarcoid. The presence or absence of nodules coupled with CT demonstration of differential involvement of the three interstitial compartments is useful in limiting diagnostic possibilities in interstitial disease. By more accurately showing disease distribution, a more reasonable approach to lung biopsy options may be developed.
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PMID:CT of interstitial lung disease: a diagnostic approach. 349 27

A case of generalised scleroderma is reported in a dental technician exposed to the risk of silicosis. A study of the occupational toxic risks in this patient showed pulmonary overload with silica and metallic particles composed of chromium, cobalt and tungsten. The job also involved the handling of vinyl chloride and its stable polymer. This chemical is known to give rise to scleroderma-type skin disease. The relationship between these occupational factors leads to a difficult physio-pathological problem and justifies preventative measures, even though they may be costly and demanding.
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PMID:[Erasmus syndrome in a dental technician. Importance of the prevention of occupational hazards]. 666 4

Peripheral calcification of lymph nodes, "eggshell calcification," commonly occurs in patients with silicosis and coal-worker's pneumoconiosis. Sarcoidosis, postirradiation Hodgkin disease, blastomycosis, and scleroderma are other reported causes. Two not previously described causes, amyloidosis and histoplasmosis, are presented, and disorders that simulate eggshell calcification are listed. The explanation for the eggshell pattern of calcification is not known.
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PMID:Eggshell calcification of lymph nodes: an update. 677 37

We have updated a study of 3,328 gold miners who worked underground for at least 1 year between 1940-1965 in South Dakota, extending the follow-up from 1977 to 1990. The exposures of concern were silica and nonasbestiform amphibole minerals. The lung cancer standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 1.13 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.94-1.36, 115 observed) when the U.S. population was used as the referent group, increasing to 1.25 (95% CI 1.03-1.51) when the county was used as the referent, and to 1.27 (1.02-1.55) for person-time with more than 30 years potential latency. However, lung cancer mortality did not show a positive exposure-response trend with estimated cumulative dust exposure. Data on smoking habits suggested that the miners smoked slightly more than the U.S. population in a 1960 cross-sectional survey. In contrast to lung cancer, other diseases known to be associated with silica exposure (tuberculosis and silicosis) were significantly increased (SMR = 3.44 and 2.61) and exhibited clear exposure-response trends. Nonmalignant renal disease, also associated with silica exposure, was elevated for those hired in early years and showed a significant positive exposure-response trend. Multiple-cause analysis revealed significant excesses of arthritis, musculoskeletal diseases (including systemic lupus and sclerosis), and skin conditions (including scleroderma and lupus), diseases of autoimmune origin which have been associated with silica exposure in other studies. Multiple cause analysis also showed a significant excess of diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs.
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PMID:Mortality study of gold miners exposed to silica and nonasbestiform amphibole minerals: an update with 14 more years of follow-up. 775 12

In 15 patients with systemic sclerosis (SS) and 8 patients suffering from silicosis and/or silica dust exposure-associated scleroderma (SAS), various parameters of endothelial cell and platelet function and of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis were studied. In 9 of the 23 patients the values for the von Willebrand factor antigen were increased, and the same applied to the endothelin levels in 8 of 23 patients. Protein C, protein S, anti-thrombin III and tissue plasminogen activator (before and after 10 min venous occlusion) were normal. The plasminogen activator inhibitor, however, was increased in 5 patients. Increased levels of platelet factor 4 and of beta-thromboglobulin were found in 20 patients, while the ADP- and epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation was reduced in 5 patients. No individual patient was found to have a general disturbance of all parameters. The deviations in the parameters of endothelial cell and platelet function and of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis proved to be rather inconsistent. This suggests different functional stages in dependence on the various influential factors. There was no close correlation either with the severity of Raynaud's phenomenon or with the type of SS. In addition, there were no basic differences between SS and SAS. The disturbances occurred with similar frequency and in similar proportions in both disease groups.
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PMID:[Vascular function parameters in idiopathic and quartz-induced progressive scleroderma]. 827 90

In recent years there have been many reports of connective tissue diseases especially scleroderma following exposure to silica and silicone. We report a 51-year-old Chinese who developed a scleroderma-like disease and pulmonary silicosis eight years after exposure to silica. To our knowledge, this is the first case to be reported in Malaysia.
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PMID:Scleroderma secondary to silica exposure--a case report. 888 49

The Erasmus syndrome describes the association of generalised progressive scleroderma following exposure to silica with or without silicosis. This is a case report on four patients presenting with the Erasmus syndrome who were admitted to hospital. The analysis of the four cases enables an assessment of the cause of the dyspnoea during the course of the Erasmus syndrome. The dyspnoea presents more as scleroderma (pulmonary fibrosis in two cases, pulmonary artery hypertension in one case and localised thoracic skin disease in one case) than of pneumoconiosis. Pulmonary fibrosis should be considered where there is an association of progressive effort dyspnoea, fine crackles on auscultation and a radiological appearance either of honeycombing and/or a ground glass appearance predominantly in the posterior regions which does not exist in isolated cases of silicosis. The functional repercussion of the fibrosis is evident by a restrictive ventilatory defect which is not specific but more severe than in a case of silicosis alone. Bronchoalveolar lavage showed, in two cases of pulmonary fibrosis, an unusual polymorphonuclear neutrophilia during the course of the silicosis. The presence of ausculatory anomalies, the atypical aspects of pneumoconiosis on computed tomography and an unusual form of LBA should suggest the existence of pulmonary fibrosis associated with pneumoconiosis.
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PMID:[Erasmus syndrome: clinical, tomographic, respiratory function and bronchoalveolar lavage characteristics]. 908 2

Six males with systemic sclerosis were observed in the work forces of two iron ore mines. The usual spectrum of clinical features encountered in systemic sclerosis patients were present. Histologic examination of pulmonary tissue was performed on three of the cases and showed features of both silicosis and scleroderma but to different degrees and stages of development. Exposure to high levels of silica-containing dusts had occurred in all six cases.
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PMID:Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) in two iron ore mines. 1045 97

Long-term exposure to silica (SiO2) may induce silicosis as well as extrapulmonary diseases such as scleroderma. Infiltration of mononuclear cells and release of proinflammatory cytokines from these cells have been suggested to play a role in the development of inflammatory and immunological events typical of scleroderma as well as of silica-induced scleroderma. We showed that silica is able to directly activate cytokine expression in blood monocytes, collagenase expression in cultured dermal fibroblasts and ICAM-1 expression in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. In the study reported here we found that silica and TNFalpha induce mRNA and protein of the chemokines RANTES and MCP-1 in endothelial cells. In addition, we demonstrated that culture supernatants of silica-treated endothelial cells are chemotactic for mononuclear cells from peripheral blood, suggesting that activation of endothelial cells may contribute to the chemotactic gradient necessary for extravasation of inflammatory blood cells into the surrounding tissue found in early scleroderma. However, a polyclonal anti-RANTES antibody failed to block chemotaxis suggesting that other proteins are involved in this phenomenon. We also studied the expression of RANTES in situ in the skin of systemic sclerosis patients and of healthy individuals. We found abundant RANTES mRNA expression in the skin of SSc patients, whereas in control skin no expression was found. From our data we conclude that RANTES and MCP-1 induction by silica may be an initiating event in inflammatory infiltration, whereas TNFalpha-mediated inflammation may propagate the disease more efficiently.
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PMID:Chemokine release from activated human dermal microvascular endothelial cells--implications for the pathophysiology of scleroderma? 1096 58


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