Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0037116 (silicosis)
 1,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a cross-sectional sample of 1,973 white gold miners 45 to 54 years of age, symptoms of chronic bronchitis were equally common in men with radiologically diagnosed silicosis and those without silicosis; however, more silicotic miners complained of missing work during the previous 3 years because of chest illness. Whereas mean forced vital capacity did not differ between the 2 groups, both the 1-sec forced expiratory volume and the mean forced expiratory flow during the middle half of the forced vital capacity were significantly lower in those with silicosis. This difference was almost entirely accounted for by their higher exposure to dust in the mines. Men with silicosis, therefore, have the same or only slightly more airway obstruction than men without silicosis who have had similar total exposure to dust.
 ...
PMID:Lung function and respiratory symptoms in silicotic and nonsilicotic gold miners. 62 77

The results are reported from the radioisotope investigations of the regional blood supply, ventilation and difussion of 133 Xenon from four zones of both lungs in 78 patients with all stages of silicosis and 43 patients with chronic bronchitis--emphysema. Unsystemic and scattered focal disturbances of the separate respiration processes are established. They should be given consideration separately and together with the classical non-isotope investigations, with a view to the making of a precise functional diagnosis and occupational expertise, because they reflect the changes due to the basic disease as well as the other accompanying lung diseases as pneumosclerosis, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, tumors, etc. The complete safety, lack of unpleasant procedures for the patient and sufficient accuracy urge their wider application in practice, including as screening tests.
 ...
PMID:[Radioisotopic diagnosis of regional lung functions in occupational lung diseases]. 65 22

In 333 patients suffereing from silicosis the incidence of chronic bronchitis and/or obstruction of the respiratory tract has been correlated with cigarette smoking. The incidence of chronic bronchitis and/or airway obstruction in patients who had acquired either slight or severe silicosis in Switzerland was over 50%. A positive correlation between cigarette smoking and chronic bronchitis and/or airway obstruction could be found only in younger patients with slight silicosis. Chronic bronchitis and/or airway obstruction was not more frequent in foundry-workers suffering from silicosis where they had been exposed to fumes which irritated the respiratory tract. Deformation of the respiratory tract due to silicosis has a greater bearing on the development of chronic bronchitis and airway obstruction than immoderate cigarette smoking.
 ...
PMID:[Silicosis, chronic bronchitis and smoking habits]. 94 45

In order to study the lung defence mechanisms and the mucociliary transport system scanning electron microscopy was performed on biopsy specimens obtained at bronchoscopy under local anaesthesia. There were great variations in the appearance of the cilitated epithelium from the large bronchi in 40 patients with bronchial carcinoma, sarcoidosis, silicosis, tuberculosis and other lung diseases. Areas with a low frequency of cilia were observed mainly in granulomatous disorders, and in silicosis, atypical cilia occurred abundantly. Squamous metaplasia with a complete loss of cilia was found in chronic bronchitis, bronchial carcinoma, after radiotherapy and in two of seven cases of sarcoidosis. Scanning electron microscopy seems to be an excellent method for studying the surface of the bronchial epithelium in many lung diseases, and may prove to be helpful in occupational medicine.
 ...
PMID:Scanning electron microscopy of the bronchial mucosa in some lung diseases using bronchoscopy specimens. A pilot study including cases of bronchial carcinoma, sarcoidosis, silicosis and tuberculosis. 98 1

Two simple indices of pulmonary mixing (helium mixing time in a closed circuit, and mixing ventilation) were measured in 274 patients (mostly miners) with silicosis, aged 50 years or less (mean 42.4 years); the results were analysed in respect to silicosis category and type, presence of co-existent chronic bronchitis and ventilatory performance, and were compared to those of a group of normal subjects to assess statistical significance. The average results for the whole group were 5.81 min for mixing time (tmix) and 62.3 1 for mixing ventilation (Vmix), representing 1.8 times and 2.4 times the normal, respectively; the results were higher for patients with co-existent chronic bronchitis within each radiological category, except the last ("C" opacities), but the differences were significant only for patients with small opacities and with "suspect pneumoconiosis". Among patients with small rounded opacities the co-existence of healed tuberculosis (apical fibrous nodules) or of other X-ray changes did not influence the pulmonary mixing; no difference was found between the three types of small opacities. A slight tendency towards lower values in patients with early conglomeration ("A" opacities) allows the suggestion of conglomeration starting in "slow" lung spaces. The best results were those of patients with normal ventilatory function followed by those with a restrictive and then by those with an obstructive ventilatory impairment. The most severe mixing disturbance was found among patients with chronic bronchitis and obstructive defect with "suspect pneumoconiosis", who are not covered by occupational disablement compensation.
 ...
PMID:Impairment of pulmonary mixing in simple and complicated silicosis. 121 50

Paxirasol aerosol applied in daily 3 x 5 puff doses in the treatment of silicosis patients is found to be a well tolerated drug form. In the course of the 21-day therapy especially coughing and chest pain were moderated, but the product also controlled, the catarrhal coat formation on the mucosa. It influenced abundant expectoration and dispnoea beneficially. During the therapy the laboratory parameters did not change. The objective respiratory parameters improved but the change was non-significant. Paxirasol aerosol is found useful in the treatment of chronic bronchitis accompanying silicosis. Evaluable side-effects were not registered.
 ...
PMID:Clinical observations with Paxirasol aerosol in patients suffering from chronic bronchitis accompanying silicosis. 134 26

Respiratory symptoms of chronic bronchitis and measurements of lung function were studied in an epidemiological survey of the total population of workers currently employed in granite quarries in Singapore. There were 85 rock drilling and crushing workers with current exposure in high levels of silica dust. Their respiratory parameters were studied with reference to an internal comparison group of 154 quarry maintenance and transport workers with low dust exposure, and an external comparison group of 148 Telecoms postal delivery workers with no granite dust exposure. The highly exposed workers showed greater prevalences of chronic cough and phlegm, a mean reduction of 5% in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). The increased respiratory morbidity were independent of other factors such as age and smoking. Similar results were also noted after excluding those with silicosis (defined radiologically as profusion greater than 1/1 as read by at least two of three readers). This study strongly indicates a demonstrable risk of "occupational" bronchitis (mucus hypersecretion) and obstructive and restrictive lung function impairment, apart from the "classical" risk of silicosis. Measures taken to protect the health of workers exposed to silica dust should also be based on considerations taken to protect against the risk of these respiratory disorders as well.
 ...
PMID:An epidemiological survey of respiratory morbidity among granite quarry workers in Singapore: chronic bronchitis and lung function impairment. 141 76

The spectrum of silicosis of coal miners has changed during the past decades. The life expectancy of the miners suffering from silicosis has been successfully adapted to that of the non-miners as a result of a consistent therapy. Morphologically, the processes involving large callosities have receded markedly; in their place, there has been an increased incidence of generalised focal dust emphysema that are difficult to differentiate clinically from the common chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are the most important concomitant pulmonary diseases; the incidence of tuberculosis is still enhanced and carcinomas of the lung are only rarely to be acknowledged as so-called carcinomas in scar tissue. Other major diseases that coincide with silicosis are seen in p.m. statistics with customary frequency of incidence (cardiovascular diseases almost 50%, malignant tumours including those of the lung about 25%, other major diseases without respiratory organs about 10%). The main problem in expertising is to differentiate the influence of these diseases from those of silicosis; expertising must employ the legally prescribed terminology. In our own investigations based on 300 postmortem expertises, death as a result of a professionally acquired disease was acknowledged in 48% of all cases of silicosis of severity grades I to III, silicosis being the sole major disease in only half of the cases and in the other cases an essential partial contributor to the cause of death. The significance of the extended generalised dust emphysema as a special type of pneumoconioses that must be classified as grave, is emphasised in contrast to previously compiled statistics.
 ...
PMID:[Current pattern of anthracosilicosis, its complications and correlation with other diseases (evaluation of 300 legal autopsies 1977-1988)]. 143 24

A pilot study was performed to assess the prevalence of hyperreactive bronchial system (HBS) in various occupational lung diseases. 204 patient records were evaluated with the following diagnosis: Allergic rhinitis: (N = 25, 12%), allergic bronchial asthma (N = 70, 34%), toxic asthma (N = 22, 11%), silicosis (N = 12, 6%), asbestosis (N = 15, 7%), farmer's lung (N = 12, 6%), chronic unspecific respiratory syndrome (N = 48, 24%). In each case an inhalative methacholine test (MCHT) was performed. HBS was considered to be present whenever there was a resistance increase of more than 100% of the baseline values. The prevalence of HBS varied between 50% (asbestosis) and 77% (toxic asthma); the average was 68%. Allergic diseases showed a higher prevalence of 71% in comparison to nonallergic diseases with 65%. Patients with silicosis or asbestosis and without additional chronic bronchitis or emphysema demonstrate a "normal" prevalence of HBS of 11%. Age, gender, smoking, alcohol, family history of allergy and repeated bronchitis, the number of eosinophils in the blood. IgE concentration in serum showed no significant association with an increased prevalence of HBS. The coincidence of anamnestically affirmed or denied bronchial hypersensitivity to environmental factors, and the positive or negative result of the MCHT test, was relatively low, being only 43% in case of a "positive" test and 17% in case of a "negative" test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Pilot study of the prevalence of a hyperreactive bronchial system in various occupationally-induced lung diseases]. 238 88

Respiratory symptoms, smoking habit, lung function and radiological category of silicosis were assessed in 276 present and former pottery workers who were receiving industrial disablement benefit for silicosis. There were 140 females and 136 males. The proportion with conglomerate disease (massive fibrosis) was similar in both sexes. The FEV1 declined with increasing X-ray category of silicosis irrespective of smoking habit and was most marked in subjects with symptomatic chronic bronchitis. In females who had never smoked the average decline of FEV1 in those with simple silicosis was 18 ml year-1 and for those with conglomerate disease 38 ml year-1. Symptomatic chronic bronchitis was common and only partly related to smoking, occurring in 69% of 101 nonsmoking female silicotic patients. No significant changes were observed in vital capacity, lung volume or transfer factor for carbon monoxide.
 ...
PMID:Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary impairment in male and female subjects with pottery workers' silicosis. 280 49


1 2 3 4 Next >>