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Query: UMLS:C0037116 (silicosis)
 1,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to apply the "sentinel health event" methodology we reviewed the certificates of 4541 deaths occurred in the period 1/01/83-31/12/88 in the USL 1 (Lunigiana) in the Tuscany Region. The histories of 6 work accidents, 6 cases of pleural mesothelioma, and 2 cases of sinunasal cancers have been collected by means of personal interviews and investigation at various workplaces. It should be noted that a case of sinunasal cancer was discovered in a farmer who used lead arsenate as an insecticidal. Furthermore the wife of a shipyard worker died of pleural mesothelioma. The death of a shipyard worker caused by pleural mesothelioma, provoked the critical review of the other workers of the same company who were also exposed to asbestos. Moreover, 73 deaths were recorded as due to silicosis; among them, 29 occurred in quartzite quarrymen. In addition, among 153 total cases of lung cancer, 9 were found to be associated with silicosis.
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PMID:[Sentinel events in occupational medicine: the example of Local Health Unit No. 1 of the Tuscany region]. 253 62

Several inhaled substances, from occupational or other environmental exposure, produce significant pulmonary disease and abnormalities demonstrated by pulmonary imaging. Areas of controversy and misconception relate principally to the extent and nature of both the clinical disease and the imaging abnormalities specific to each substance. The size and shape of the inhaled particles is an important determinant of the nature and severity of the disease produced, with fibrous shapes usually being the most pathogenetic. Fibrogenicity is another important pathogenetic characteristic of talc and kaolin, as well as asbestos. Talc produces four distinct forms of pulmonary disease, depending not only on the other substances with which it is inhaled, but also whether it is inhaled or injected intravenously. When inhaled alone, talc does not appear to produce significant pulmonary fibrosis or malignancy. Kaolin, mica, fuller's earth, zeolite, and fiberglass all vary in disease production according to their shape and fibrogenicity. Silica, diatomaceous earth, and other forms of silica are all highly fibrogenic and thus produce clinically obvious disease with sufficient inhalation. The largest particles usually produce nodular patterns in the upper pulmonary fields, as is typical of silicosis. The fibrous particles are more likely to manifest themselves as interstitial patterns in the lower pulmonary fields.
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PMID:Misconceptions regarding the pathogenicity of silicas and silicates. 253 43

The article deals with the results of histological study of material of emergency biopsies and subsequent scrupulous examination of lung resectates obtained from 50 patients with focal diseases of the lungs which were not identified precisely and unverified morphologically before the operation. Inflammatory pseudotumors of two types and in different phases were revealed in 19 patients, different forms of active tuberculosis--in 9, different forms of primary carcinoma of the lungs--in 8, proliferative processes bordering on malignancy--in 5, silicosis and silicotuberculosis--in 4, and suppurative and sclerotic changes--in 4 patients. The results confirm the importance of close cooperation of the surgeon and morphologist at all stages of the diagnosis.
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PMID:[Intraoperative histologic verification of focal diseases of the lungs]. 272 34

In the present examination were analysed the anamneses, necropsies and x-ray photograms of 1,000 patients (743 men and 257 women), who died from silicosis in the Thuringian area. The analysis includes a period of 30 years. The material of examination comprises autopsies from 1954 to 1983. There were 45 lung cancers, found in 42 men and 3 women. A relation to smoking habit could not be examined. The lung cancer was mainly connected with a stadium of silicosis II. Only in 6 lung cancers there was a relation to the silicosis like a cicatrice cancer assumed.
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PMID:[The frequency of bronchial carcinoma in 1,000 autopsies of cases of silicosis]. 275 24

The height (thickness) of epicardial fat has been measured in histological slides at 10 standard "measuring points" in 200 human hearts. The 172 male and 28 female hearts were obtained from unselected autopsy material of the Institut of Pathology of the hospital groups "Bergmannsheil" in Bochum. The thickness of the epicardial fat on the surface of the right ventricle varies in histological paraffin slides between 0 and 13.6 mm. The mean of all 2,000 measurements is 2.19 mm, the median 1.7 mm. The mean values of the measurements at each of the standard points ranges between 0.851 mm at point No. 6 (dorso-caudal at the middle of the septum) and 4.12 mm at point No. 2 (sharp heart edge close to the bases). The lowest mean figure of the fat layer thickness is found in the dorso-caudal (diaphragmatic) region of the ventricular wall alongside the septum. At this point 0 thickness (fat-free area) is observed most frequently. The highest mean value and also the highest absolute measurement of fat layer thickness are found along the sharp heart edge - the ventro-lateral edge of the right ventricle - decrease from the heart bases to the apex. The average values of the standard "measuring points" along the ventral surface of the ventricular wall which decrease gradually from the heart bases to the apex, lie somewhere between the average values of the test points of the ventricle edge and the dorso-caudal surface close to the septum. In women, the epicardial fat layer on the right ventricle is, on average, thicker than that in men - ratio 1.65:1. A correlation can be seen between the thickness of the subcutaneous and epicardial fatty tissue layers. The weight of the ventricle wall can be increased in the case of marked fat development, and in exceptional cases the whole heart weight may be positively affected. Between age of 40 and death the thickness of the epicardial fat generally undergoes no statistical change. There is no statistical influence of the thickness of epicardial fat on the age at death, no is there any correlation between cause of death and thickness of the epicardial fat, and the epicardial fat is not diminished in deceased cancer patients. In the case of hypertrophy of the right ventricle there are no differences in the thickness of the fat layer as compared with the non-hypertrophic left ventricle. Chronic decompensated insufficiency of the right ventricle is associated with thinning of the fatty layer. No relationship is found between epicardial fat layer thickness and pathological silicosis in ex-miners.
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PMID:[Epicardial fatty tissue of the right ventricle--morphology, morphometry and functional significance]. 281 3

Autopsy studies of the relationship between silicosis and lung cancer have been mainly negative; but recent epidemiologic studies have indicated a positive association, and an excess lung cancer risk has been observed in some occupational groups with exposure to silica dust. For the further shedding of light on the possible association between silica dust and lung cancer, analysis was made on mortality and cancer incidence data available in census-based record linkage studies from the Nordic countries for males in occupational groups with potential exposure to silica dust. The study showed an excess lung cancer risk for foundry workers in all the Nordic countries and for miners in Sweden. These results were consistent with findings from previous in-depth epidemiologic studies. The lung cancer risk did not differ significantly from that of the respective national populations for males working in excavation; stone quarries; sand and gravel pits; and glass, porcelain, ceramic, and tile manufacture. Stonecutters, who are probably not exposed to known lung carcinogens at the workplace but in some places to high concentrations of silica dust, showed a significant excess lung cancer risk in both Finland and Denmark. Excess lung cancer risks furthermore were seen for Finish miners, for Finnish males in excavation work, and for Danish glassworkers.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1986 Oct
PMID:Silica dust and lung cancer: results from the Nordic occupational mortality and cancer incidence registers. 302 Feb 98

Silicosis, which is an ancient disease, is still epidemic in the United States. The author reviews current problems related to exposure to silica, the incidence and prevalence of silicosis in modern American industry, the causal association between silica exposure and cancer, and methods of prevention.
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PMID:Silicosis. 330 83

Four distinct forms of pulmonary disease caused by talc have been defined. The first form, talcosilicosis, is caused by talc mined with high-silica-content mineral. Findings in this form are identical with those of silicosis. Talcoasbestosis closely resembles asbestosis and is produced by crystalline talc, generally inhaled with asbestos fibers. Pathologic and radiographic abnormalities are virtually identical with those of asbestosis, including calcifications and malignant tumor formation. The third form, talcosis, caused by inhalation of pure talc, may include acute or chronic bronchitis as well as interstitial inflammation; radiographically, it appears as interstitial reticulations or small, irregular nodules, typical of small-airway obstruction. The fourth form, due to intravenous administration of talc, is usually associated with abuse of oral medications and production of vascular granulomas manifested by consolidations, large nodules, and masses. Radiographic abnormalities associated with talc can be predicted when there is sufficient history of the nature of exposure, including the region of origin of the talc in cases of inhalation. Radiographic changes, such as diaphragmatic plaques, often attributed to both talc and asbestos have not been documented to be caused by talc alone. The author provides review of 18 well-documented cases.
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PMID:Talc: understanding its manifestations in the chest. 348 79

The authors report on a patient, working for 17 years in ceramic industry, in whom simple silicosis was revealed in 1977. In 1985 the disease progressed and a nodule-like opacity in the left upper lung lobe was detected. After one year of further progression cavitation was found. Suspected cancer was confirmed cytologically by discovering epidermoid cancer cells in the lavage from the growing around the silicotic nodule. Lobectomy was performed, the postoperative course being without complications.
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PMID:Lung cancer growing around a silicotic nodule. 367 19

This is a study of cancer mortality, cancer incidence, and incidence of lung tuberculosis among cases of silicosis reported to the National Swedish Pneumoconiosis Register during 1959-1977. Two occupational categories were extracted--"mining, tunneling, and quarrying" (n = 284) and "iron and steel foundries" (n = 428), respectively. Control groups were drawn from a national register of persons undergoing periodic health examinations with regard to silicosis risk. The controls were matched for occupation, age, and time of first exposure. The follow-up was performed through record-linkage operations to computerized information in Swedish Death Statistics, Swedish Cancer Register, and the Swedish Tuberculosis Index. End of follow-up was set at December 31, 1980. In cases drawn from mining, quarrying, and tunneling workers seven deaths in lung cancer were observed and two among the controls. Among iron and steel foundry workers the corresponding numbers were 10 and 6. The values for expected numbers, based on general population statistics, were 1.3 and 2.6, respectively, for these two occupational groups. When cancer incidence statistics were used, the case/control ratio for lung cancer was 2.1 for "mining, quarrying, and tunneling" and 0.6 for "iron and steel foundries." There were 29 cases of lung tuberculosis registered among the silicosis cases during the follow-up period. Only one tuberculosis case was observed among the controls. The results demonstrate that persons with silicosis contracted in the mining, quarrying, and tunneling occupations are subject to an increased risk of lung cancer. The risk is observed when both the general population and a closely matched control population from the same occupations are used for values of reference. The results also demonstrate the high risk of persons with silicosis to contract lung tuberculosis.
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PMID:Silicosis and risk of lung cancer or lung tuberculosis: a cohort study. 375 78


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