Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0037116 (silicosis)
 1,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the result of treatment for thirty-two patients whose chief complaint was hemoptysis and represent the therapeutic guide line for hemoptysis. In thirty-two cases, there were twenty men and twelve women and average of age was fifty-two years old. Twenty-nine of them were chronic lung diseases such as tuberculosis and bronchiectasis and only three cases have malignant tumors. Two of them recovered with conservative therapy and bronchial arteriography (BAG) have been performed in thirty patients in order to determine the bleeding foci, BAG was failed in two cases, but these two cases have been recovered with following up, BAG was succeeded in twenty-eight cases and twelve cases of them could not been determined the bleeding foci by angiography and could be controlled using hemostatic and antibiotic agents. Embolization of bronchial arteries with gelatin sponge have been performed in sixteen cases and made success in eleven cases. In ten of these cases, BAE was effective less than two times. Only one of silicosis with restrictive lung function was considered contraindication of surgery and recovered by three times of BAE. Four cases of five uneffective BAE (rebleeding after two times of BAE) have been treated by operation in good course. But one case complicated with WPW syndrome has died because of aspiration pneumonia without operation. In our institute, the rate of operation for hemoptysis was low as 13% of thirty-two cases. In order to consider the indication of surgery, bronchial arteriography was essential to determine bleeding foci and BAE was effective in over 80% of hemoptysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Therapeutic guide line for hemoptysis]. 189 81

The authors review the computed tomographic (CT) features of thoracic tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections throughout their progressive stages. The spectrum of parenchymal findings seen in mycobacterial disease as well as the chronic changes of prior tuberculosis are illustrated. Altered appearances of tuberculosis occurring in patients with preexisting chest diseases such as sarcoidosis and silicosis and those associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are demonstrated. CT and conventional radiography are compared, and the advantages and complementary nature of CT are illustrated. The role of CT in evaluating complications of tuberculosis, including cavities, bronchogenic spread, bronchiectasis, and aspergilloma, is discussed.
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PMID:CT features of thoracic mycobacterial disease. 218 6

Two patients with Mycobacterium fortuitum and one patient with Mycobacterium chelonae lung infections were treated with ofloxacin and imipenem respectively. Of the former two, one had underlying inactive pulmonary tuberculosis and bronchiectasis and the other had silicosis. The latter had severe underlying bronchiectasis also. The treatments were well tolerated and the patients responded well.
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PMID:Ofloxacin and imipenem in the treatment of Mycobacterium fortuitum and Mycobacterium chelonae lung infections. 221 63

Respiratory infections of 19 subjects of advanced age and/or with underlying respiratory disease were treated with cefoperazone (CPZ) and its clinical effects were studied. Sixteen subjects suffered from respiratory tract infection and 3 subjects had pneumonia. The age of the subjects ranged from 39 to 77 years with the mean of 63.8, 7 of them being more than 70 years of age. The underlying respiratory diseases included chronic pulmonary emphysema in 6 subjects, diffuse panbronchiolitis in 3, bronchiectasis in 3, silicosis in 2 and one each of chronic bronchitis, pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer and old pulmonary tuberculosis. One case, 75 years of age, had renal insufficiency. The daily dose of CPZ was 4 grams in 18 of the 19 subjects and the duration of administration ranged 5 to 22 days. The remaining 1 subject received 2 g of CPZ daily for 6 days. Clinical effects were judged from the changes in fever, cough, amount of sputum, dyspnea, rales, cyanosis, chest X-ray, white blood cell counts, CRP, erythrocyte sedimentation rates and results of sputum culture. Clinical effects were good in 16 subjects, fair in 1, and poor in 2. Bacteriological follow-up was carried out in 13 subjects. Infecting bacteria were eliminated from 5 subjects, reduced in 2 and, in 4 subjects, they were replaced by other bacteria. In 1 subject, P. aeruginosa was isolated from sputum even after the treatment with CPZ, and in another subject H. influenzae relapsed immediately after the cessation of the CPZ treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effects of cefoperazone on respiratory infections of patients of advanced age and/or with underlying respiratory diseases]. 373 62

Small ring-shaped images, related to 2nd or 3rd bronchial walls are seen in prahilar lung region in 80% of chest Xray films, when a bronchus in seen "end on". This bronchial wall thickening (greater than 0.3 mm) is present in numerous lung diseases such as silicosis, bronchiectasis and pulmonary edema. In order to evaluate the significance of such bronchial wall thickening in chronic obstructive bronchitis and bronchial asthma, 78 patients suffering from these diseases have been studied correlating bronchial wall-thickening with the major clinical and bio-humoral indices of broncho obstruction a significant correlation was found between bronchial wall thickening and Tiffeneau index (p less than 0.05), the PaO2 (p less than 0.01), and the E.S.R., expressed as Katz index (p less than 0.001). No correlation was observed between bronchial wall thickening and positivity to allergological tests. It follows that the bronchial wall thickening is an expression of mucous membrane edema and/or endobronchial mucous or purulent hypersecretion. This aspect, though not usefull in the differential diagnosis between chronic obstructive bronchitis and paroxysmal bronchial asthma due to topical inhalants, is indicative of an acute phase in the inflammation process in such patients.
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PMID:[Thickening of the bronchial wall in asthma and asthma-like bronchitis]. 394 14

For the management of severe haemoptysis we have developed a double-lumen, bronchus-blocking catheter that can be introduced through the working channel of a standard fibrebronchoscope. We wondered whether this catheter would be suitable to control pulmonary haemorrhage in clinical practice. Over a period of 36 months, 30 of these catheters were used in 27 patients with moderate and massive pulmonary bleeding from various lesions. Underlying diseases were: malignancies (11), vascular deformities (5), tuberculosis (4), silicosis (2), carcinoids (2), silicosis (2), endometriosis (1), bronchiectasis (1). In 26 cases, the transbronchoscopic balloon tamponade was successful. In one patient, tumour growth close to the carina prevented securing of the balloon and double-lumen tube intubation was required. There were only minor complications attributable to the balloon. With the catheter in place for up to seven days, patients underwent surgery, received radiation, chemotherapy, drug treatment or bronchial arterial embolization. In conclusion, we found this double-lumen, bronchus-blocking device safe and the technique practicable to control pulmonary haemorrhage.
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PMID:Three years experience with a new balloon catheter for the management of haemoptysis. 787 78

We used noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation to treat hypercapnea due to acute exacerbations of chronic respiratory failure (21 episodes in 19 patients; COPD, 4; pulmonary tuberculosis sequelae, 4; silicosis, 3; silicotuberculosis, 3; bronchiectasis, 3; others, 2). All patients had acute onsets of severe hypercapnea (PaCO2 > 45 Torr), acute decreases in pH (< 7.35), and tachypnea, paradoxical breathing or both. During the first 2 to 4 hours of bi-level positive airway pressure, PaCO2 decreased from 72 to 61 Torr (p < 0.0005), pH increased from 7.26 to 7.31 (p < 0.001), and respiratory rate decreased from 30 to 25 breaths/min (p < 0.005). In three cases leakage of air through the mouth prevented improvement in the patients' conditions, but in two of those a face mask was then used successfully. In 17 of the 21 episodes (81%) gas exchange improved and intubation was not necessary. In those 17, the mean duration of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation was 6.3 days. We conclude that noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation can improve gas exchange in patients with acute hypercapnea complicating chronic respiratory failure.
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PMID:[Outcomes of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in patients with acute hypercapnia complicating chronic respiratory failure]. 939 53

Bronchiectasis is defined as irreversible bronchial dilatation, leading to chronic cough, sputum formation, and recurrent infections. HRCT plays a major role in diagnosis of bronchiectasis. Most bronchiectasis is either idiopathic or a result of prior infections. Cystic fibrosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and traction bronchiectasis caused by prior tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and silicosis with progressive massive fibrosis have an upper lobe distribution. A lower lobe distribution is mostly seen in chronic aspiration, hypogammaglobulinemia, Mounier-Kuhn syndrome, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and traction bronchiectasis caused by usual interstitial pneumonitis and nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis. The right middle lobe and lingula are preferentially involved in atypical mycobacterial infections and sometimes in primary ciliary dyskinesia and Kartagener syndrome. A location-based approach may help lead to a specific diagnosis.
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PMID:Bronchiectasis. 2037 62

A 70-yr-old woman visited our hospital for shortness of breath. Chest CT showed ground glass opacity and traction bronchiectasis at right middle, lower lobe and left lingular division. Video-assisted thoracic surgical biopsy at right lower lobe and pathologic examination revealed mixed dust pneumoconiosis. Polarized optical microscopy showed lung lesions were consisted of silica and carbon materials. She was a housewife and never been exposed to silica dusts occupationally. She has taken freshwater snails as a health-promoting food for 40 yr and ground shell powder was piled up on her backyard where she spent day-time. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of snail shell and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy of lung lesion revealed that silica occupies important portion. Herein, we report the first known case of silicosis due to chronic inhalation of shell powder of freshwater snail.
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PMID:Silicosis caused by chronic inhalation of snail shell powder. 2221 21

Broncholithiasis is a rare condition in which calcified material erodes into the tracheobronchial tree. Most are caused from a fungal, nocardial, mycobacterial, or silicosis-related granulomatous lymphadenitis. Over time, the peribronchial lymph nodes become calcified; thereafter, with the normal repetitive motions of respiration, circulation, and deglutition, the calcifications erode into the lumen of the airway. This condition can be challenging to diagnose as its symptoms can mimic many more common diseases. The most common symptoms are wheezing, chronic cough, and dyspnea; thus, it was previously referred to as "stone asthma." More devastating complications can include massive hemoptysis, recurrent pneumonias, bronchiectasis, mediastinal abscess, and fistula formations. Only airways to mediastinal, esophageal, or vascular fistulas have been reported in the literature. This is the first reported case of a patient treated with electrocautery forceps, who developed a mainstem to mainstem bronchial fistula.
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PMID:Mainstem to mainstem bronchial fistula from broncholithiasis. 2320 72


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