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Query: UMLS:C0037116 (silicosis)
 1,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

After successful animal studies since 1986, a single left lung transplantation was performed on a 35-year-old male patient with end-stage silicosis in July 1991. The surgical technique was similar to that used by the Toronto Transplant Group, except for some modification in bronchial anastomosis. The donor lung was preserved by simple surface cooling after the administration of heparin, methylprednisolone and PGE1. The ischemic time for the donor lung was 3.5 hours. A cardiopulmonary bypass through the femoral vessels was applied for a duration of 90 minutes. Immediate postoperative complications included massive bleeding, disseminated intravascular coagulation, adult respiratory distress syndrome and acute graft rejection. Fortunately, we overcame these complications through intensive care. Immunosuppression included antilymphocytic globulin, cyclosporine, azathioprine and corticosteroids. The results of this single lung transplantation were satisfactory. The patient was doing well and was able to satisfactorily breathe room air six weeks after the transplantation. Unfortunately, the patient died of opportunistic systemic aspergillosis six months after the transplantation. In conclusion, lung transplantation is an effective treatment for patients with end-stage lung diseases, and the results of this first single lung transplantation in Taiwan are encouraging and promising.
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PMID:Single lung transplantation for end-stage silicosis: report of a case. Lung Transplant Group. 136 97

Bronchiectasis is defined as irreversible bronchial dilatation, leading to chronic cough, sputum formation, and recurrent infections. HRCT plays a major role in diagnosis of bronchiectasis. Most bronchiectasis is either idiopathic or a result of prior infections. Cystic fibrosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and traction bronchiectasis caused by prior tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and silicosis with progressive massive fibrosis have an upper lobe distribution. A lower lobe distribution is mostly seen in chronic aspiration, hypogammaglobulinemia, Mounier-Kuhn syndrome, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and traction bronchiectasis caused by usual interstitial pneumonitis and nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis. The right middle lobe and lingula are preferentially involved in atypical mycobacterial infections and sometimes in primary ciliary dyskinesia and Kartagener syndrome. A location-based approach may help lead to a specific diagnosis.
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PMID:Bronchiectasis. 2037 62

Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis is un uncommon disease which is found in people with underlying lung disease or in mildly immunocompromised patients. It is an exceptional complication in silicosis and its diagnosis is difficult because it simulates other diseases like tuberculosis and cancer which are more common in such patients. We report on three cases with a long history of silica dust exposure with pulmonary aspergillosis complicating progressive massive fibrosis (PMF). We review their clinical, radiological and treatment features.
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PMID:[Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis as a complication of silicosis]. 2153 53

Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis (CNPA), a form of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA), affects immunocompetent or mildly immunocompromised persons with underlying pulmonary disease. These conditions are associated with high morbidity and mortality and often require long-term antifungal treatment. The long-term prognosis for patients with CNPA and the potential complications of CNPA have not been well documented. The aim of this study was to review published papers that report cases of CNPA complications and to highlight risk factors for development of CNPA. The complications in conjunction associated with CNPA are as follows: pseudomembranous necrotizing tracheobronchial aspergillosis, ankylosing spondylarthritis, pulmonary silicosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease, superinfection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and and pneumothorax. The diagnosis of CNPA is still a challenge. Culture and histologic examinations of bronchoscopically identified tracheobronchial mucus plugs and necrotic material should be performed in all immunocompromised individuals, even when the radiographic findings are unchanged. Early detection of intraluminal growth of Aspergillus and prompt antifungal therapy may facilitate the management of these patients and prevent development of complications.
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PMID:Complications of chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis: review of published case reports. 2842 94

Blastomyces dermatitidis is a thermally dimorphic fungus that can cause pulmonary, extrapulmonary, or disseminated infections. Though it can infect both immune-competent and immunocompromised hosts, the disease can be severe in immunocompromised hosts. Exposure to silica dust is associated with silicosis, and this is associated with impaired immunity and an increased risk of mycobacterial and fungal infections. The fungal infections commonly associated with pneumoconiosis are pulmonary aspergillosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis. However, there is a dearth of data on the association of pneumoconiosis and blastomycosis. Clinical deterioration and new cavitary lesions in patients with pneumoconiosis should alert clinicians of new pulmonary infection. Traditional sputum sampling may lead to poor diagnostic yield, because the organism is frequently surrounded by a fibrotic wall. Aggressive diagnostic testing with lung or skin biopsies may be warranted. We present the first reported case of disseminated blastomycosis in a patient with coalworkers' pneumoconiosis.
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PMID:Disseminated blastomycosis in coalworkers' pneumoconiosis. 3165 42