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Query: UMLS:C0037090 (Respiratory symptoms)
 467 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Respiratory symptoms and personal history of allergy were examined in 1659 children, including the entire elementary school population of four villages of the Belgian Ardennes. Levels of atmospheric pollution were monitored during the survey and proved to be very low. It is suggested that socio-economic factors produce a small increase in respiratory symptoms, particularly in cough symptoms. A personal history of eczema and of hay fever was highly associated with dyspnea and wheezing.
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PMID:The relationship between host factors of allergic nature and respiratory symptoms. 60 23

Respiratory symptoms, disease and lung function were studied in 376 families with 816 children who participated in a survey in three USA towns. Parental smoking had no effect on children's symptoms and lung function. Also, there was no evidence that passive smoking affected either lung function or symptoms of adults. There was no association between prevalence of self-reported cough and/or phlegm in parents and their children. There was a highly significant association between the prevalence of wheeze in parents and their younger children, for whom parents reported this symptom. Wheeze in children was also significantly associated with a parental history of asthma, and lung function was lower in children with a family history of asthma. Even after accounting for height, weight, age, sex and race, children's lung function correlated significantly with parents' lung function. However, the contribution of familial factors (i.e., parents' lung function, smoking, and history of asthma) to children's lung function is small compared to the effects of height, weight and age.
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PMID:Lung function, respiratory disease, and smoking in families. 91 Jul 96

The results of pulmonary function testing and systematic medical history and epidemiologic data collection are reported for 20 persons with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency of Pi Z phenotype. The most common symptom, reported in 19 subjects (95 per cent), was dyspnea on exertion; 16 subjects (80 per cent) gave a history of wheezing, and 8 (40 percent) reported chronic cough and sputum production. The 8 women who had been pregnant reported a miscarriage rate of 29 per cent for all pregnancies. Respiratory symptoms and disease were commonly reported in the children of study subjects. Pulmonary function testing revealed abnormalities for 18 of 20 subjects, all of those 26 or more years of age. The test that was most frequently abnormal was the 1-sec forced expiratory volume expressed as a per cent of the forced vital capacity. All pulmonary function studies demonstrated a trend toward increased impairment with increased age, which was evident by the fourth decade. Within this group of persons having severe alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency, there was no correlation between serum concentrations of antitrypsin and subjective or objective indices of pulmonary disease. A group of 7 subjects who were incidentally found to have Pi Z alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency exhibited symptoms and pulmonary function abnormalities comparable to those of 13 subjects who were originally referred for known or suspected pulmonary disease. These data suggest that if interventions such as smoking cessation and occupational counseling are to be effective, they should be initiated before the fourth decade of life.
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PMID:Clinical, epidemiologic, and pulmonary function studies in alpha,-antitrypsin-deficient subjects of Pi Z type. 108 22

Respiratory symptoms, atopy, and bronchial reactivity were measured in primary school children living in Lake Munmorah (LM), a coastal town near two power stations, and in Nelson Bay (NB), a coastal town free from any possible major sources of outdoor air pollution. A prevalence survey and longitudinal follow-up study were performed 1 year apart. In both studies, the prevalence of ever wheezed, current wheezing, breathlessness, wheezing with exercise, diagnosed asthma, and use of drugs for asthma at LM were all approximately double the prevalence at NB (all P values less than 0.01). The prevalence of bronchial reactivity was significantly greater at LM than NB (P less than 0.01) at the first but not the second survey. By contrast, no significant differences were found between the two areas for skin test atopy or for parental history of allergic disease. Multivariate analysis supported the conclusion from the univariate analysis that there was more wheezing at LM compared to NB at both studies, when adjusted for atopy, smoking in the home, age, and sex. As expected, a positive skin test reaction to house dust mite was the predominant explanatory variable. Asthma was more common in the community near power stations (LM) than in the NB area. The absence of significant differences in skin test atopy and parental history of allergic disease argued against major genetic differences between the two groups. By contrast, the more common reporting of siblings' chest disease and asthma in Lake Munmorah supported an environmental cause.
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PMID:Asthma in the vicinity of power stations: I. A prevalence study. 152 41

We investigated the relationship of three phenotypic markers of atopy (allergy skin test reactivity, serum IgE level, and eosinophilia) to the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in 1,071 middle-aged and older men participating in the Normative Aging Study. Participants had all been health screened at the onset of the study in the 1960s to exclude individuals with asthma or other chronic respiratory diseases. Respiratory symptoms were grouped into three categories: asthma (adult onset) and other wheezing syndromes; cough and phlegm production; and hay fever. Multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to assess the independent relationship of each phenotypic marker to symptom prevalence adjusted for age, cigarette smoking, and the competing influence of the other markers. In this population, the prevalence of each symptom increased with serum total IgE concentration, this relationship being strongest for asthma. Skin test positivity (greater than or equal to 5 mm induration to one or more aeroallergens) was strongly associated with hay fever but was not significantly associated with symptoms of wheeze or cough and phlegm. Eosinophilia was associated with asthma and with phlegm production. The association of eosinophilia with phlegm production was present in skin test-negative as well as skin test-positive subjects and remained significant even after current smokers and individuals with asthma or hay fever were excluded. These data support the concept that asthma and hay fever are related to different immunologic host factors as reflected by expression of atopy phenotypes. Future investigations of immunologic factors in respiratory disease susceptibility should include, at a minimum, an assessment of all three phenotypic markers of atopy.
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PMID:Asthma, hay fever, and phlegm production associated with distinct patterns of allergy skin test reactivity, eosinophilia, and serum IgE levels. The Normative Aging Study. 192 48

Respiratory symptoms and function were examined in a random sample of 181 farmers (124 pig farmers and 57 dairy farmers) with a mean age of 43 years. Wheezing and shortness of breath during work in the animal house were significantly associated with pig farming (odds ratio 11.4), current smoking (odds ratio 2.2), bronchial hyperreactivity (odds ratio 3.8), and low FEV1 (odds ratio 3.4). Pig farmers had a slightly lower FEV1 than dairy farmers (101% versus 104% predicted, NS). Symptomatic farmers had significantly lower FEV1 than symptomless farmers (93% versus 106% predicted). A multiple linear regression analysis of the cross sectional values of FEV1 showed that there was a decline in FEV1 associated with pig farming (-12 ml/year of pig farming) and smoking (-23 ml/pack year) in addition to the age related decline of 32 ml/year. A multiple linear regression analysis of PC20 histamine showed that bronchial reactivity increased with age, number of pack years, and number of years in pig farming. Work in closed pig rearing units is a pulmonary health hazard and causes decline in lung function.
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PMID:Relation between respiratory symptoms, type of farming, and lung function disorders in farmers. 228 23

Lung function and respiratory symptoms were studied in 40 children aged 8-18 years who had been ventilated for hyaline membrane disease after birth; 11 had had bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Also studied were 38 age matched children who had had hyaline membrane disease but had not required ventilation, 25 unmatched children who were born prematurely but did not develop hyaline membrane disease, and 39 randomly selected pupils of similar age. There was no difference in thoracic gas volume, total lung capacity, inspiratory vital capacity, residual volume, or transfer factor for carbon monoxide between the groups. Respiratory symptoms during the three years before the study and the frequency of clinically diagnosed asthma in patients and their family were similar in all the children with hyaline membrane disease irrespective of whether they had been ventilated or had had bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, however, had a lower forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) before bronchodilator (73% predicted) than the other groups (88-95% predicted). Children who had required ventilation had lower values for specific airways conductance (sGaw) and a greater increase in FEV1 (delta FEV1) after salbutamol (13%) than non-ventilated children (6%); delta FEV1 was associated with the peak pressure of intermittent positive pressure ventilation, a family history of asthma and a history of wheezing, recurrent respiratory illnesses, and a doctor's diagnosis of asthma during the three years before the study. These findings indicate that after eight years of age patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia have more reversible airways obstruction, compatible with increased bronchial smooth muscle tone.
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PMID:Lung function 8-18 years after intermittent positive pressure ventilation for hyaline membrane disease. 185 94

Two hundred and eighty-three (283) male diesel bus garage workers from four garages in two cities were examined to determine if there was excess chronic respiratory morbidity related to diesel exposure. The dependent variables were respiratory symptoms, radiographic interpretation for pneumoconiosis, and pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1, and flow rates). Independent variables included race, age, smoking, drinking, height, and tenure (as surrogate measure of exposure). Exposure-effect relationships within the study population showed no detectable associations of symptoms with tenure. There was an apparent association of pulmonary function and tenure. Seven workers (2.5%) had category 1 pneumoconiosis (three rounded opacities, two irregular opacities, and one with both rounded and irregular). The study population was also compared to a nonexposed "blue-collar" population. After indirect adjustment for age, race, and smoking, the study population had elevated prevalences of cough, phlegm, and wheezing, but there was no association with tenure. Dyspnea showed a dose-response trend but no apparent increase in prevalence. Mean percent predicted pulmonary function of the study population was greater than 100%, i.e., elevated above the comparison population. These data show there is an apparent effect of diesel exhaust on pulmonary function but not chest radiographs. Respiratory symptoms are high compared to "blue-collar" workers, but there is no relationship with tenure.
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PMID:Epidemiological-environmental study of diesel bus garage workers: chronic effects of diesel exhaust on the respiratory system. 244 45

Respiratory symptoms in cystic fibrosis are both local and systemic. The local symptoms include cough, sputum, wheezing, haemoptysis and breathlessness, while systemic symptoms of malaise and fever occur with pulmonary infection. There are also interactions between respiratory and gastrointestinal systems in producing symptoms of malaise and weakness and these also contribute to the secondary psychological and social problems that a number of patients with cystic fibrosis experience. These local respiratory symptoms can be attributed in part to lung damage, but are also a manifestation of the CF defect itself. Similarly, lung damage, allergy, haemodynamic and nutritional changes all contribute to the symptom of breathlessness. Further improvement in symptoms in the future will come not only from limiting the lung damage but also from therapy aimed at reversing the CF defect itself.
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PMID:Cystic fibrosis--from lung damage to symptoms. 270 25

The role of childhood respiratory infections before 12 yrs of age (CRI) and during adolescence-adulthood (ARI) was studied in a general population sample (n = 3,289), living in an unpolluted area of Northern Italy. The presence of respiratory symptoms and diseases, as well as risk factors for obstructive airways disease (OAD), was assessed by a standardized questionnaire. Forced vital capacity and derived expiratory flows, and single-breath diffusing capacity were measured using computerized instrumentation. There were 1,185 (36.2%) subjects who reported pertussis (PT), 374 (11.4%) recurrent chest colds, pneumonia and croup, singly or in combination, with or without pertussis (CRI), and 1,718 (52.4%) reported no respiratory infections in childhood (NOCRI). Prevalence rates of respiratory symptoms and diseases were significantly higher in subjects of the CRI group in all ages, and in older smokers. Wheeze and attacks of shortness of breath with wheeze were significantly higher in younger nonsmoking subjects with a history of CRI. Respiratory symptoms and diseases were not more prevalent in subjects of the PT group. Prevalence rates of respiratory symptoms and diseases were significantly higher in subjects with a history of ARI, both in smokers and nonsmokers. Lung function parameters adjusted for sex, age and smoking were significantly lower in CRI subjects; PT subjects showed lower values than NOCRI subjects. A significantly higher prevalence rate of ARI was present in subjects who reported CRI, both in smokers and nonsmokers. Subjects with both CRI and ARI showed the highest prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases. In addition, they had the lowest lung function values regardless of smoking habit.
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PMID:Effects of childhood and adolescence-adulthood respiratory infections in a general population. 278 99


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