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Query: UMLS:C0037090 (Respiratory symptoms)
 467 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Respiratory symptoms, smoking habit, lung function and radiological category of silicosis were assessed in 276 present and former pottery workers who were receiving industrial disablement benefit for silicosis. There were 140 females and 136 males. The proportion with conglomerate disease (massive fibrosis) was similar in both sexes. The FEV1 declined with increasing X-ray category of silicosis irrespective of smoking habit and was most marked in subjects with symptomatic chronic bronchitis. In females who had never smoked the average decline of FEV1 in those with simple silicosis was 18 ml year-1 and for those with conglomerate disease 38 ml year-1. Symptomatic chronic bronchitis was common and only partly related to smoking, occurring in 69% of 101 nonsmoking female silicotic patients. No significant changes were observed in vital capacity, lung volume or transfer factor for carbon monoxide.
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PMID:Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary impairment in male and female subjects with pottery workers' silicosis. 280 49

The predictive value of cough, mucus hypersecretion, breathlessness, chronic bronchitis and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) for hospitalization and medication were examined in a random population sample of 876 men, 46-69 yrs of age. All of the men were examined in 1974 with interview and lung function tests. Information on hospitalization in the period 1977-1986 was obtained from the Danish National Patient Register, and information on drug usage was obtained from 567 men in a questionnaire survey ultimo 1985. FEV1 was a strong predictor of both hospitalization and medication. Respiratory symptoms were good predictors of hospitalization due to either respiratory disease in general (odds ratios 2.56-3.29), or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), (odds ratios 4.16-5.75). They contained predictive values in addition to that provided by FEV1. Respiratory symptoms were good predictors of medication for airway obstruction, relative risks 3.56-4.70, and/or airway disease in general, relative risks 2.67-4.69. After controlling for FEV1, cough was still significantly associated with treatment for airway disease in general and both cough, mucus hypersecretion and chronic bronchitis were significantly associated with treatment for airway obstruction. We conclude that apart from FEV1, respiratory symptoms are independent predictors of hospitalization and medication due to respiratory disease.
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PMID:Respiratory symptoms and FEV1 as predictors of hospitalization and medication in the following 12 years due to respiratory disease. 280 92

Six cases of Nocardia asteroides infection in renal transplant recipients are described. Respiratory symptoms predominated, complicated in one case by cerebral abscess. General dissemination did not occur in any patient. Environmental testing failed to show source(s) of the organism. Nocardiosis patients should be isolated to prevent airborne spread to renal transplant recipients, who are prone to infection and from whom specimens for culture should be incubated for at least 7 days to exclude Nocardia spp.
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PMID:Experience with Nocardia asteroides in renal transplant recipients. 290 69

We compared two prospective survey methods, an interviewer-administered questionnaire and a daily diary, used concurrently to record acute respiratory illness experience over a 2-yr period in 422 children 5 to 11 yr of age from East Boston, Massachusetts. Respondents contributed more months of data with the questionnaire than with the diary method. Respiratory symptom and illness rates, as determined for the first year by each of the methods, were compared for 277 children who had less than 4 months of missing data. Respondents from families with more children tended to report a lower total respiratory illness rate by the diary than by the questionnaire method (p = 0.006). Although upper respiratory illness rates did not differ by method, lower respiratory illnesses were reported more frequently (p = 0.0001) by questionnaire than by diary. In the group of 49 children who were identified as having had greater than one lower respiratory illness, 25% of the illnesses reported as having been lower respiratory by questionnaire were reported as having been another form of respiratory illness by diary. For this group the ratio of 3:1 of boys to girls for the diary as compared with 1.5:1 for the questionnaire suggests the presence of reporting bias and no comparability of methods. Standardization of an acute respiratory illness questionnaire would provide greater opportunity than use of diaries for synthesis of prospective data from different epidemiologic studies.
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PMID:Comparison of questionnaire and diary methods in acute childhood respiratory illness surveillance. 292 81

A wide variety of industrial materials is known to cause allergic pulmonary reactions. Respiratory symptoms may occur either immediately upon exposure to the agent (immediate-onset response), or several hours later (delayed-onset reaction). In order to determine both the mechanism of response, and a safe exposure level which would prevent development of pulmonary sensitization, animal models are currently being developed for both types of sensitivity responses. In the models, emphasis is placed on simulating conditions present in the industrial environment. For example, (1) exposure to agents is via the inhalation route, (2) animals are unrestrained and unanesthetized both during exposure and during elicitation of response, and (3) reactive chemicals, as opposed to hapten-protein conjugates, are used for exposure. In the model for immediate-onset sensitivity, concentration-response relationships have been observed between the concentration of agent inhaled and the percentage of animals becoming sensitized. Agents employed were bacterial subtilisin and toluene diisocyanate. Identification of "no observable effect" threshold concentrations implies that exposure levels can be proposed for industrial chemicals which will not result in sensitization of workers. Further development of the animal models, followed by calibration of the models to humans, should allow immunotoxicologic evaluation of chemicals for their respiratory sensitizing ability and recommendation of threshold-limit values (TLVs) which would prevent sensitization.
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PMID:Immunotoxicologic evaluation of the respiratory system: animal models for immediate- and delayed-onset pulmonary hypersensitivity. 298 53

Respiratory symptoms due to compression of the trachea by the dilated esophagus in achalasia are extremely rare. A patient is presented whose respiratory manifestations included engorged neck veins and a neck swelling that fluctuated with respiration. He also had two malignant tumors in his dilated esophagus, a squamous cell carcinoma and an adenoid cystic carcinoma.
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PMID:Acute thoracic inlet obstruction in achalasia with adenoid cystic and squamous cell carcinoma. 299 91

Three cases of cholesterol interstitial pneumonia in patients 3, 9 and 10 years of age respectively are reported. All three were born in Island of Reunion. Two were sisters. All had failure to thrive, dyspnea on rest and clubbing. Respiratory symptoms had appeared early in infancy. Open pulmonary biopsy was diagnostic. Prognosis was poor the boy dying at 4 years of age and severe respiratory insufficiency at 9 or 10 years in the two girls. Current etiological investigations were non contributory. However a profile of chronic infection with Epstein Barr virus (EBV) was found in each case while serological profiles ruled out infection with a virus of the herpes group virus (cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex). The possible role of EBV as an etiological agent of cholesterol pneumonia is discussed and genetic or environmental factors as well.
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PMID:[Cholesterol pneumopathy in children. Apropos of 3 cases. Possible role of chronic Epstein-Barr virus infection]. 300 Mar 13

In a prospective one year study, comprising children with acute gastroenteritis admitted to hospital or treated as outpatients, the clinical and laboratory features of rotavirus diarrhoea (168 cases) were compared with those of enteric adenovirus (32 cases), bacterial (42), mixed (16), and non-specific (135) infections. The rotavirus disease was remarkably consistent, with a sudden onset of vomiting, a high frequency of fever and dehydration, and a mean duration of diarrhoea of 5.9 days. Outpatients excreting rotavirus had a similar but milder illness, mainly on account of less pronounced vomiting. The predominant symptom of enteric adenoviruses was long lasting diarrhoea (mean 10.8 days). Abdominal pain, bloody stools, prolonged diarrhoea (mean 14.1 days), leucocytosis, and a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate strongly suggested a bacterial aetiology. Mixed infections caused longer lasting diarrhoea (mean 8.0 days) than rotavirus alone, but the severity of the illness was not increased. The clinical features of infection with unidentified pathogens most resembled those of bacterial infections. Respiratory symptoms were not significantly associated with any particular pathogen. Hypernatraemia and complications were uncommon. This study showed that the clinical features of gastroenteritis with rotavirus, enteric adenoviruses, and bacteria each exhibited patterns that could guide the experienced clinician to a presumptive diagnosis.
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PMID:Clinical features of acute gastroenteritis associated with rotavirus, enteric adenoviruses, and bacteria. 301 37

Respiratory symptoms and radiographic and lung function alterations were studied in a cross-sectional survey of gemstone workers in Hong Kong. The study population included a group of grinders, polishers, and buffers who were heavily exposed to dust (principally free silica) and a less exposed group of cutters and carvers. Among all 218 male workers who answered the respiratory questionnaire, heavily exposed workers reported significantly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms suggestive of mucus hypersecretion. Radiological pneumoconiosis defined as opacities with profusion of 1/0 and above was found in 27% of 157 workers who accepted radiographic and lung function examination. Radiological opacities were significantly related to increasing years of employment in both groups of workers after taking into account age and smoking habits. Decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) was significantly related to increasing years of employment in both groups after allowing for the effects of age, height, and smoking. A modest decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was related to dust exposure which was of borderline statistical significance in polishers and buffers who smoked. Radiological pneumoconiosis did not have an independent effect on lung function when allowance was made for dust exposure.
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PMID:A survey of the respiratory health of silica-exposed gemstone workers in Hong Kong. 303 74

The aetiologic factors in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease include the free reflux of gastric juice, the composition of refluxed juice, the defensive mechanisms of the oesophagus, which are both mechanical and mucosal, and, sometimes, gastric abnormalities. Symptoms include heartburn, odynophagia, chest pain, dysphagia, regurgitation, and, occasionally, haemorrhage. Respiratory symptoms may occur. Diagnosis is based on determining the pressure and frequency of reflux (for which pH monitoring is preferred), testing for symptoms that may be caused by reflux, and assessing the degree of oesophagitis, for which endoscopy and histology are the only known techniques.
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PMID:Aetiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. 306 36


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