Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0037090 (Respiratory symptoms)
 467 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventeen cases of pediatric malignant neoplasm with pulmonary and/or pleural lesions shown by chest radiography at initial diagnosis were reviewed and analyzed. Respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, tachypnea, and chest pain were observed on admission in approximately one-half of them. The initial chest radiography showed pleural lesions in 7 of the 17, pulmonary lesions in 8, and both pulmonary and pleural lesions in 2. Unilateral or bilateral pleural fluids were observed in all of the seven patients with pleural lesions, and malignant cells were confirmed in the pleural fluid of all patients. The radiographic patterns of the eight patients with pulmonary lesions were solitary nodule in two, multiple nodules in two, diffuse miliary nodules in three, and diffuse honeycomb in one. Histological examination of the pulmonary lesion was performed in six patients at the initial diagnosis or after death, while in the remaining two primary or other metastatic sites were examined. The two patients with both pulmonary and pleural lesions showed multiple nodules or infiltrates with pleural fluid on chest radiography. Increased malignant cells were detected in the pleural fluid of both patients. In all cases, the lesions gradually or rapidly disappeared with multidrug chemotherapy. The review confirms the need for a combination of complete radiographic and pathological analysis at the time of initial diagnosis of malignant neoplasm in children to distinguish other causes such as infectious complications.
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PMID:Pulmonary and pleural involvements at initial diagnosis in children with malignant neoplasm. 278 53

The predictive value of cough, mucus hypersecretion, breathlessness, chronic bronchitis and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) for hospitalization and medication were examined in a random population sample of 876 men, 46-69 yrs of age. All of the men were examined in 1974 with interview and lung function tests. Information on hospitalization in the period 1977-1986 was obtained from the Danish National Patient Register, and information on drug usage was obtained from 567 men in a questionnaire survey ultimo 1985. FEV1 was a strong predictor of both hospitalization and medication. Respiratory symptoms were good predictors of hospitalization due to either respiratory disease in general (odds ratios 2.56-3.29), or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), (odds ratios 4.16-5.75). They contained predictive values in addition to that provided by FEV1. Respiratory symptoms were good predictors of medication for airway obstruction, relative risks 3.56-4.70, and/or airway disease in general, relative risks 2.67-4.69. After controlling for FEV1, cough was still significantly associated with treatment for airway disease in general and both cough, mucus hypersecretion and chronic bronchitis were significantly associated with treatment for airway obstruction. We conclude that apart from FEV1, respiratory symptoms are independent predictors of hospitalization and medication due to respiratory disease.
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PMID:Respiratory symptoms and FEV1 as predictors of hospitalization and medication in the following 12 years due to respiratory disease. 280 92

Three cases of cholesterol interstitial pneumonia in patients 3, 9 and 10 years of age respectively are reported. All three were born in Island of Reunion. Two were sisters. All had failure to thrive, dyspnea on rest and clubbing. Respiratory symptoms had appeared early in infancy. Open pulmonary biopsy was diagnostic. Prognosis was poor the boy dying at 4 years of age and severe respiratory insufficiency at 9 or 10 years in the two girls. Current etiological investigations were non contributory. However a profile of chronic infection with Epstein Barr virus (EBV) was found in each case while serological profiles ruled out infection with a virus of the herpes group virus (cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex). The possible role of EBV as an etiological agent of cholesterol pneumonia is discussed and genetic or environmental factors as well.
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PMID:[Cholesterol pneumopathy in children. Apropos of 3 cases. Possible role of chronic Epstein-Barr virus infection]. 300 Mar 13

Experimental and clinical experience with compounds containing antimony have shown that the trivalent compounds are generally more toxic than the pentavalent ones. APT can cause severe pain and tissue necrosis and is therefore not given by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. APT has the actions and uses of AST, but it is less soluble and more irritating than the sodium salt which is therefore more suitable for intravenous use. Trivalent antimony compounds are toxic when used topically. Adverse effects are similar for all trivalent compounds, and include nausea, vomiting, weakness and myalgia, abdominal colic, diarrhoea, and skin rashes, including pustular eruptions. Hypersensitivity reactions also occur. Respiratory symptoms include cough, dyspnoea, and chronic lung changes. Cardiotoxicity is the most important and may produce arrhythmias, myocardial depression and damage, Stokes-Adams attacks, heart failure, and cardiac arrest. Hepatic damage and necrosis, as well as blood dyscrasias, may occur. Toxic effects on the kidney may follow chronic use. Continuous treatment with small doses of antimony may give rise to symptoms of subacute poisoning, similar to those of chronic arsenic poisoning, due to accumulation of antimony in the body, especially if trivalent compounds are used, because of their long biological half-lives. Reproductive disorders and chromosome damage have been reported; antimony compounds are, therefore, potentially toxic to reproduction and have mutagenic, and oncogenic potential. Antimony compounds should, therefore, not be used during pregnancy or in the presence of hepatic, renal, or heart disease. Pentavalent antimony preparations especially the organic compounds, together with non-metallic synthetic preparations, such as the diamidines, have now replaced APT for use in leishmaniasis. Because of the toxicity of antimony compounds, investigations have been undertaken to reduce their adverse effects by combining them with chelating agents. These preparations appear to have reduced the toxic effects of antimony without affecting the efficacy of the preparations. Liposome-encapsulated antimony products have, more recently, been shown to be much less toxic because of the reduced dose of the antimony compound required for effective therapy. The historical uses of antimony were based on the belief that the topical and systemic adverse effects, for example, skin eruptions and diarrhoea and vomiting, were signs that the condition being treated was responding by being brought to the surface to relieve congestion at the diseased area. There is no evidence in topical use, but there is evidence that such use can cause severe reactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Toxicity of antimony and its compounds. 330 36

The relationship of airway responsiveness to respiratory symptom prevalence has been studied in a cross-sectional analysis of a random subpopulation from a large-scale population study on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) being conducted in the Netherlands. In 1,905 subjects with complete data on age, sex, area of residence, smoking habits, and respiratory symptom prevalence, airway responsiveness was assessed by a histamine challenge test. Subjects with a decrease in FEV1 of greater than or equal to 10% at a histamine concentration of less than or equal to 16 mg/ml were considered to be responders. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness appeared to be age dependent, with the proportion of responders increasing from 13% in those 14 to 24 yr of age to 40% in those 55 to 64 yr of age (p less than 0.001). Respiratory symptom outcomes included chronic cough, chronic phlegm, dyspnea, bronchitic episodes, persistent wheeze, and asthmatic attacks. Respiratory symptom prevalence rates were significantly higher in responders (p less than 0.001 for all symptoms). Cigarette smoking is known to be related to respiratory symptom prevalence and possibly to bronchial responsiveness. Because of these associations, we examined the relationship of bronchial responsiveness to respiratory symptoms within cigarette smoking categories. For all respiratory symptoms, it was found that, regardless of smoking category, responders were more likely to be symptomatic than were nonresponders. Odds ratios ranged from 1.7 for chronic cough to 4.4 for asthmatic attacks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The relationship of nonspecific bronchial responsiveness to respiratory symptoms in a random population sample. 360 43

Seventy nine cases of sporadic, community acquired legionnaires' disease have been reviewed. Annual and seasonal variation in incidence was noted. The mean age of the patients was 53 years and 50 (63%) were male. Pre-existing chronic diseases were present in only 23 (29%), including two patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment. Common symptoms included unproductive cough, dyspnoea, chest pain, headache, confusion, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea. Respiratory symptoms were absent, however, in 17 (22%). Localising chest signs were present in 74 (95%) cases. Frequent laboratory findings included lymphopenia, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hyponatraemia, raised urea and creatinine concentrations, abnormal liver function, hypophosphataemia, hypoalbuminaemia, proteinuria, and haematuria. Thirteen patients died (16%), including nine of 20 who received assisted ventilation. The mortality rate in patients treated with erythromycin (11%) was lower than in those who received other antibiotics (23%), but this difference was not statistically significant. Of the features noted on admission, only a high plasma urea concentration was significantly associated with death. Sporadic community acquired legionnaires' disease is a not uncommon disorder, which with appropriate treatment has a prognosis similar to that of other forms of community acquired pneumonia.
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PMID:Legionnaires' disease: a review of 79 community acquired cases in Nottingham. 378 45

Prevalence of respiratory symptoms and chronic bronchitis was determined in a group of 122 subjects (77 exposed miners, 18 partially exposed, 27 controls) working at chromite ore mines in Sudan. The mean ages (+/- s.d.) of the three groups were 36.4 (+/- 7.8), 35.2 (+/- 6.8) and 34.6 (+/- 7.5) years respectively. Methods included a respiratory symptoms questionnaire based on the British Medical Research Council (MRC 1976) questionnaire on respiratory symptoms, determination of FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC%. The majority (66%) of the exposed subjects were non-smokers (NS) and 20 (77%) of the 'ever-smokers' (current and ex-smokers) were smokers of less than 15 cigarettes day-1. Respiratory symptoms (cough, phlegm, dyspnoea) were more frequent among the miners and so was chronic bronchitis. The prevalence of the latter was 26% among the miners compared to 11% and 7% among the partially exposed and the controls respectively. These differences could not be accounted for by cigarette smoking. Sixty-five per cent of the miners diagnosed as having asthma, chronic bronchitis or both were non-smokers. Although the values for the FEV1/FVC% remained normal or near the lower limits of the normal range, the mean value was significantly lower among the miners. It was concluded that the mine dust was the prime cause of the respiratory symptoms and chronic bronchitis among the miners.
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PMID:Respiratory symptoms and occupational bronchitis in chromite ore miners, Sudan. 379 22

Respiratory symptoms, radiographic findings, and lung function were analyzed in 144 Finnish patients with silicosis. The prevalence of persistent phlegm production in these patients was 46% and that of dyspnea 87%. Impairment of the vital capacity (VC) and the diffusion capacity (DLCO) (less than 80% of predicted values) were found in 46 and 47% of the patients with simple silicosis, respectively. The mean DLCO was lower in patients with advanced simple silicosis (category 3) than in those with slight simple silicosis (categories 1 and 2). In category 3 the DLCO was impaired in 9 out of 12 patients, the impairment being below 65% of the predicted values in six of the nine. All patients with large opacities showed impairment in their lung function tests. Twenty-eight of the silicosis patients had referents matched for exposure to silica dust, age, and gender. The referents had no radiographic signs of silicosis. The patients experienced dyspnea more often than their referents, whereas no difference was found in the prevalence of persistent phlegm production. The mean values of VC, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1.0), and DLCO were lower in the patients than in the referents. The results indicate a high prevalence of dyspnea, restrictive impairment of lung function, and impaired diffusion capacity in the patients with simple or complicated (ie, large radiographic opacities) silicosis. The DLCO proved to be a rather sensitive lung function parameter for advanced simple silicosis.
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PMID:Symptoms and clinical findings in patients with silicosis. 400 97

OKT3, a monoclonal antibody reactive with a surface glycoprotein present on all postthymic T cells, was used to treat the initial acute episode of rejection in 30 recipients of cadaveric donor renal allografts. The first 16 patients received 1-5 mg daily for a period of 10-21 days during which the azathioprine and prednisone dosages were sharply reduced. Circulating T cells were eliminated within minutes after the first OKT3 infusion. T cells reactive with OKT3 remained depressed throughout the period of treatment, although a significant number of cells reactive with other T cells subset reagents became detectable after several days of OKT3 treatment. In all instances, the established rejection episode was reversed in 2-8 days without the addition of other immunosuppressive measures. Recurrent rejection occurred in 12 of 16 patients, but with further conventional immunosuppression, 50% of the renal allografts remain functional 20-44 months after transplantation. Fever, chills, and, in some instances, dyspnea following the first dose of OKT3 were the only side-effects observed. Most patients developed antiidiotypic or antimouse immunoglobulin antibodies without apparent clinical sequelae. In the subsequent 14 patients, modifications in the protocol included a steroid bolus prior to the first OKT3 infusion, limitation of therapy to 10 days, resumption of maintenance levels of azathioprine and prednisone prior to discontinuing OKT3, and addition of 3 i.v. doses of cyclophosphamide at the termination of treatment. Respiratory symptoms after the first infusion of the reagent have been eliminated. Antibody responses to OKT3 have been reduced, occurring in 38% as compared with 73% of patients treated previously. Recurrent rejection episodes observed in 8 of 14 patients have been reversible in all but one case. Allograft survival is 86% at 6-17 months posttransplantation. In the entire series of 30 OKT3-treated patients, only 4 grafts (13%) have been lost because of recurrent episodes of rejection.
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PMID:Evolving use of OKT3 monoclonal antibody for treatment of renal allograft rejection. 639 Aug 34

Respiratory symptoms and ventilatory function were recorded on 4549 Queensland schoolchildren. Previously parents of 67 children on two occasions showed that key questions on wheezy breathing and productive cough were reliable, with agreement of responses in 97% and 91% of subjects. These two questions divided the children into four main groups: Group A, those children with attacks of asthma or of wheezy breathing; Group B, those with attacks of cough with sputum; Group AB, those with both symptoms; and Group N, those with neither symptom. The validity of the questionnaire was examined by relating question responses to ventilatory function expressed as normalized residuals. Mean (+/- SD) normalized FEF 25-75 residuals for the major groups were: N, 0 +/- 1.00; B, -0.10 +/- 1.00; A, -0.26 +/- 1.10; and AB, -0.50 +/- 1.07. In subjects with wheeze, residuals distinguished subjects on a basis of frequency of wheeze, total number of attacks, and the association with breathlessness. The proportion of eight year olds in each group (N, B, A and AB) was 44%, 33%, 2.6%, and 20.5% respectively; and of twelve year olds, 52%, 28%, 2.7%, and 18.1%. These results contrast with those of a comparable survey of Tasmanian seven year olds where the proportion was 51%, 33%, 1.8%, and 14.4% respectively.
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PMID:Lower respiratory tract symptoms in Queensland schoolchildren. The questionnaire: its reliability and validity. 657 40


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